linux下Nginx+tomcat整合的安装与配置
目的:搭建Nginx与tomcat整合,用Nginx代替apache
步骤:
一、安装Tomcat和JDK
1、上传apache-tomcat-6.0.18.tar.gz和jdk-6u12-linux-i586.bin至/usr/local
2、执行如下命令安装tomcat:
#cd /usr/local
#tar zxvf apache-tomcat-6.0.18.tar.gz
解压完成后将apache-tomcat-6.0.18重命名为tomcat
Mv apache-tomcat-6.0.18 tomcat
3、执行如下命令安装JDK:
#./jdk-6u12-linux-i586.bin
4、配置环境变量:
编辑/etc下的profile文件,加上如下内容:
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.6.0_13
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib
export TOMCAT_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat
export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$TOMCAT_HOME/lib
5、启动tomcat
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
输入http://localhost:8080,如果看到猫的页面即tomcat和jdk安装成功
6、新建文件目录/var/ww/html为网站存放目录,设置server.xml文件,在Host name="localhost"处将appBase=的指向路径改为/var/ww/html
7、创建index.jsp至/var/ww/html /
二、安装Nginx
1、上传nginx-0.7.63.tar.gz至/usr/local
2、执行如下命令解压nginx:
1.#cd /usr/local
2.#tar zxvf nginx-0.7.63.tar.gz
3、编译安装nginx
1.#cd nginx-0.7.63
2.#./configure
3.#make
4.#make install
4、nginx安装成功后的安装目录为/usr/local/nginx
在conf文件夹中新建proxy.conf,用于配置一些代理参数,内容如下:
#!nginx (-)
# proxy.conf
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; #获取真实ip
#proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; #获取代理者的真实ip
client_max_body_size 10m;
client_body_buffer_size 128k;
proxy_connect_timeout 90;
proxy_send_timeout 90;
proxy_read_timeout 90;
proxy_buffer_size 4k;
proxy_buffers 4 32k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
编辑安装目录下conf文件夹中的nginx.conf,输入如下内容
#运行nginx所在的用户名和用户组
#user www www;
#启动进程数
worker_processes 8;
006.#全局错误日志及PID文件
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
#工作模式及连接数上限
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 65535;
}
020.#设定http服务器,利用它的反向代理功能提供负载均衡支持
021.http
022.{
#设定mime类型
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
include /usr/local/nginx/conf/proxy.conf;
027. #charset gb2312;
#设定请求缓冲
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
client_max_body_size 8m;
sendfile on;
035. tcp_nopush on;
036.
keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay on;
# fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
# fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
# fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
# fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
# fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
# fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
# fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
# gzip on;
# gzip_min_length 1k;
# gzip_buffers 4 16k;
# gzip_http_version 1.0;
# gzip_comp_level 2;
# gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
# gzip_vary on;
#limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;
###禁止通过ip访问站点
server{
server_name _;
return 404;
}
server
{
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
index index.html index.htm index.jsp;#设定访问的默认首页地址
root /var/ww/html /ROOT;#设定网站的资源存放路径
#limit_conn crawler 20;
location ~ .*.jsp$ #所有jsp的页面均交由tomcat处理 ## 注意
{
index index.jsp;
proxy_pass http://localhost:8080;#转向tomcat处理
}
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$ #设定访问静态文件直接读取不经过tomcat
{
expires 30d;
}
location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
{
expires 1h;
}
#定义访问日志的写入格式
log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
access_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/localhost.log access;#设定访问日志的存放路径
}
}
5、修改/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf配置文件后,请执行以下命令检查配置文件是否正确:
1.#/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
如果屏幕显示以下两行信息,说明配置文件正确:
1.the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
2.the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf was tested successfully
如果提示unknown host,则可在服务器上执行:ping www.baidu.com如果也是同样提示unknown host则有两种可能:
a、服务器没有设置DNS服务器地址,/etc/resolv.conf下是否设置,若无则加上
b、防火墙拦截
6、重启nginx的命令
1.#/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
#/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
这时,输入以下命令Nginx主进程号:
1.ps -ef | grep "nginx: master process" | grep -v "grep" | awk -F ' ' '{print $2}'
7、停止nginx的命令
1.#/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
8、在不停止Nginx服务的情况下平滑变更Nginx配置
a、修改/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf配置文件后,请执行以下命令检查配置文件是否正确:
1./usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
如果屏幕显示以下两行信息,说明配置文件正确:
1.the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
2.the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf was tested successfully
b、这时,输入以下命令Nginx主进程号:
1.ps -ef | grep "nginx: master process" | grep -v "grep" | awk -F ' ' '{print $2}'
屏幕显示的即为Nginx主进程号,例如:
6302
这时,执行以下命令即可使修改过的Nginx配置文件生效:
1.kill -HUP 6302
或者无需这么麻烦,找到Nginx的Pid文件:
1.kill -HUP `cat /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid`
测试:http://localhost
http://localhost/index.jsp
http://localhost:8080