17. Letter Combinations of a Phone Number

1 题目理解

给定一个字符串string,字符范围是[2,9]之间的数字。数字表示电话上的一个按钮。返回字符串的可能所有组合方式。每个数字对应的字母如下图所示。
在这里插入图片描述
Example 1:

Input: digits = “23”
Output: [“ad”,“ae”,“af”,“bd”,“be”,“bf”,“cd”,“ce”,“cf”]
Example 2:

Input: digits = “”
Output: []
Example 3:

Input: digits = “2”
Output: [“a”,“b”,“c”]

2 回溯

用回溯的方法可以解决。每次处理一个数字,每个数字对应3-4种转换。
这里我自己的一个小技巧是:dfs函数中的变量都是与状态相关的。其他变量都作为成员变量。这样可以更关注dfs过程中的状态。

class Solution {
    private Map<Character,String> map = new HashMap<Character,String>(){{
        put('2',"abc");
        put('3',"def");
        put('4',"ghi");
        put('5',"jkl");
        put('6',"mno");
        put('7',"pqrs");
        put('8',"tuv");
        put('9',"wxyz");
    }};
    private String digits;
    private List<String> answer;
    public List<String> letterCombinations(String digits) {
        answer = new ArrayList<String>();
        if(digits.length()==0) return answer;
        StringBuilder str = new StringBuilder();
        this.digits = digits;
        dfs(0,str);
        return answer;
    }
    private void dfs(int index,StringBuilder str){
        if(index == digits.length()){
            answer.add(str.toString());
        }else{
            String value = map.get(digits.charAt(index));
            for(int i=0;i<value.length();i++){
                str.append(value.charAt(i));
                dfs(index+1,str);
                str.setLength(str.length()-1);
            }
        }
    }
}
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(Telephone Number Word Generator) Standard telephone keypads contain the digits 0 through 9. The numbers 2 through 9 each have three letters associated with them, as is indicated by the following table: Many people find it difficult to memorize phone numbers, so they use the correspondence between digits and letters to develop seven-letter words that correspond to their phone numbers. For example, a person whose telephone number is 686-2377 might use the correspondence indi- cated in the above table to develop the seven-letter word “NUMBERS.” Businesses frequently attempt to get telephone numbers that are easy for their clients to remember. If a business can advertise a simple word for its customers to dial, then no doubt the business will receive a few more calls. Each seven-letter word corresponds to exactly one seven-digit telephone number. The restaurant wishing to increase its take-home business could surely do so with the number 825-3688 (i.e., “TAKEOUT”). Each seven-digit phone number corresponds to many separate seven-letter words. Unfortunately, most of these represent unrecognizable juxtaposi- tions of letters. It’s possible, however, that the owner of a barber shop would be pleased to know that the shop’s telephone number, 424-7288, corresponds to “HAIRCUT.” A veterinarian with the phone number 738-2273 would be happy to know that the number corresponds to “PETCARE.” Write a program that, given a seven-digit number, writes to a file every possible seven-letter word corresponding to that number. There are 2187 (3 to the seventh power) such words. Avoid phone numbers with the digits 0 and 1.
最新发布
06-09

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