编程获取系统当前cpu使用率/空闲率 、内存使用率、剩余可用内存 Nvidia GPU的利用率等

得到cpu占有率的API函数：
GetSystemTimes

得到内存使用情况的API函数：

GlobalMemoryStatusEx Function
         Retrieves information about the system's current usage of both physical and virtual memory.
GetPerformanceInfo Function
        Retrieves the performance values contained in the PERFORMANCE_INFORMATION structure
获取特定程序的内存使用情况用：
GetProcessMemoryInfo Function
         Retrieves information about the memory usage of the specified process.

我写的一个cpu使用率例子：

#define _WIN32_WINNT   0x0501

#include <Windows.h>

#include <iostream>
using   namespace   std;

__int64 CompareFileTime ( FILETIME time1, FILETIME time2 )
{
       __int64 a = time1.dwHighDateTime << 32 | time1.dwLowDateTime ;
       __int64 b = time2.dwHighDateTime << 32 | time2.dwLowDateTime ;

       return   (b - a);
}
void main()
{
HANDLE hEvent;
BOOL res ;

FILETIME preidleTime;
FILETIME prekernelTime;
FILETIME preuserTime;

FILETIME idleTime;
FILETIME kernelTime;
FILETIME userTime;

res = GetSystemTimes( &idleTime, &kernelTime, &userTime );

preidleTime = idleTime;
prekernelTime = kernelTime;
preuserTime = userTime ;

hEvent = CreateEvent (NULL,FALSE,FALSE,NULL); // 初始值为 nonsignaled ，并且每次触发后自动设置为nonsignaled

while (1){

      WaitForSingleObject( hEvent,1000 ); //等待500毫秒
      res = GetSystemTimes( &idleTime, &kernelTime, &userTime );
    
       int idle = CompareFileTime( preidleTime,idleTime);
       int kernel = CompareFileTime( prekernelTime, kernelTime);
       int user = CompareFileTime(preuserTime, userTime);

int cpu = (kernel +user - idle) *100/(kernel+user);
     int cpuidle = ( idle) *100/(kernel+user);
     cout << "CPU利用率:" << cpu << "%" << "      CPU空闲率:" <<cpuidle << "%" <<endl;
  

    preidleTime = idleTime;
    prekernelTime = kernelTime;
    preuserTime = userTime ;
}


}

运行效果如图：

MSDN中 获取内存使用情况的例子：

Example Code [C++]

The following code shows a simple use of the GlobalMemoryStatusEx function.

// Sample output:
// There is       51 percent of memory in use.
// There are 2029968 total Kbytes of physical memory.
// There are 987388 free Kbytes of physical memory.
// There are 3884620 total Kbytes of paging file.
// There are 2799776 free Kbytes of paging file.
// There are 2097024 total Kbytes of virtual memory.
// There are 2084876 free Kbytes of virtual memory.
// There are       0 free Kbytes of extended memory.

#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>

// Use to convert bytes to KB
#define DIV 1024

// Specify the width of the field in which to print the numbers.
// The asterisk in the format specifier "%*I64d" takes an integer
// argument and uses it to pad and right justify the number.
#define WIDTH 7

void main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
MEMORYSTATUSEX statex;

statex.dwLength = sizeof (statex);

GlobalMemoryStatusEx (&statex);

printf ("There is %*ld percent of memory in use.\n",
          WIDTH, statex.dwMemoryLoad);
printf ("There are %*I64d total Kbytes of physical memory.\n",
          WIDTH, statex.ullTotalPhys/DIV);
printf ("There are %*I64d free Kbytes of physical memory.\n",
          WIDTH, statex.ullAvailPhys/DIV);
printf ("There are %*I64d total Kbytes of paging file.\n",
          WIDTH, statex.ullTotalPageFile/DIV);
printf ("There are %*I64d free Kbytes of paging file.\n",
          WIDTH, statex.ullAvailPageFile/DIV);
printf ("There are %*I64d total Kbytes of virtual memory.\n",
          WIDTH, statex.ullTotalVirtual/DIV);
printf ("There are %*I64d free Kbytes of virtual memory.\n",
          WIDTH, statex.ullAvailVirtual/DIV);

// Show the amount of extended memory available.

printf ("There are %*I64d free Kbytes of extended memory.\n",
          WIDTH, statex.ullAvailExtendedVirtual/DIV);
}

MSDN中获取特定程序内存使用情况的例子：

Collecting Memory Usage Information For a Process

To determine the efficiency of your application, you may want to examine its memory usage. The following sample code uses the GetProcessMemoryInfo function to obtain information about the memory usage of a process.

#include <windows.h>#include <stdio.h>#include <psapi.h>void PrintMemoryInfo( DWORD processID ){ HANDLE hProcess; PROCESS_MEMORY_COUNTERS pmc; // Print the process identifier. printf( "\nProcess ID: %u\n", processID ); // Print information about the memory usage of the process. hProcess = OpenProcess( PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION | PROCESS_VM_READ, FALSE, processID ); if (NULL == hProcess) return; if ( GetProcessMemoryInfo( hProcess, &pmc, sizeof(pmc)) ) { printf( "\tPageFaultCount: 0x%08X\n", pmc.PageFaultCount ); printf( "\tPeakWorkingSetSize: 0x%08X\n", pmc.PeakWorkingSetSize ); printf( "\tWorkingSetSize: 0x%08X\n", pmc.WorkingSetSize ); printf( "\tQuotaPeakPagedPoolUsage: 0x%08X\n", pmc.QuotaPeakPagedPoolUsage ); printf( "\tQuotaPagedPoolUsage: 0x%08X\n", pmc.QuotaPagedPoolUsage ); printf( "\tQuotaPeakNonPagedPoolUsage: 0x%08X\n", pmc.QuotaPeakNonPagedPoolUsage ); printf( "\tQuotaNonPagedPoolUsage: 0x%08X\n", pmc.QuotaNonPagedPoolUsage ); printf( "\tPagefileUsage: 0x%08X\n", pmc.PagefileUsage ); printf( "\tPeakPagefileUsage: 0x%08X\n", pmc.PeakPagefileUsage ); } CloseHandle( hProcess );}int main( ){ // Get the list of process identifiers. DWORD aProcesses[1024], cbNeeded, cProcesses; unsigned int i; if ( !EnumProcesses( aProcesses, sizeof(aProcesses), &cbNeeded ) ) return 1; // Calculate how many process identifiers were returned. cProcesses = cbNeeded / sizeof(DWORD); // Print the memory usage for each process for ( i = 0; i < cProcesses; i++ ) PrintMemoryInfo( aProcesses[i] ); return 0;}

The main function obtains a list of processes by using the EnumProcesses function. For each process, main calls the PrintMemoryInfo function, passing the process identifier. PrintMemoryInfo in turn calls the OpenProcess function to obtain the process handle. If OpenProcess fails, the output shows only the process identifier. For example, OpenProcess fails for the Idle and CSRSS processes because their access restrictions prevent user-level code from opening them. Finally, PrintMemoryInfo calls the GetProcessMemoryInfo function to obtain the memory usage information.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

===========================

NVidia GPU的利用率可以通过他提供的NVAPI库里面的函数得到  http://developer.nvidia.com/nvapi

 

GPU Performance State Interface
[GPU APIs]

Data Structuresstruct   NV_GPU_DYNAMIC_PSTATES_INFO_EXDefines#define  NVAPI_MAX_GPU_UTILIZATIONS   8#define  NV_GPU_DYNAMIC_PSTATES_INFO_EX_VER   MAKE_NVAPI_VERSION( NV_GPU_DYNAMIC_PSTATES_INFO_EX,1)FunctionsNVAPI_INTERFACE  NvAPI_GPU_GetDynamicPstatesInfoEx (NvPhysicalGpuHandle hPhysicalGpu, NV_GPU_DYNAMIC_PSTATES_INFO_EX *pDynamicPstatesInfoEx)

Data Fields NvU32  version NvU32  flagsstruct {    NvU32    bIsPresent:1    NvU32    percentage}  utilization [NVAPI_MAX_GPU_UTILIZATIONS]Detailed Description

Used in NvAPI_GPU_GetDynamicPstatesInfoEx().

Field Documentation NvU32 NV_GPU_DYNAMIC_PSTATES_INFO_EX::bIsPresent

Set if this utilization domain is present on this GPU.

NvU32 NV_GPU_DYNAMIC_PSTATES_INFO_EX::flags

bit 0 indicates if the dynamic Pstate is enabled or not

NvU32 NV_GPU_DYNAMIC_PSTATES_INFO_EX::percentage

Percentage of time where the domain is considered busy in the last 1 second interval.

struct { ... } NV_GPU_DYNAMIC_PSTATES_INFO_EX::utilization[NVAPI_MAX_GPU_UTILIZATIONS]

NvU32NV_GPU_DYNAMIC_PSTATES_INFO_EX::version

 

 

 ================================

2011-09-05 补充，看到那么多朋友关心这个更新一下Linux的

linux 系统的cpu利用率可以读取 /proc/stat 文件，统计所有用户的然后除以总数即可，我们的一个java管理程序就是这样做的。可以man proc 看一下。