google测试：最大数是几

17、有这样一个函数，对于任意整数n，都能返回写出0到n之间出现“1”的个数。例如，f（13）=6。请注意f（1）=1，那么下一个能实现f（n）=n的最大数字是什么？

以下为验证代码：

Option Explicit

Private Sub Command1_Click()
Dim i As Long
Dim s As Double
Dim s2 As Double
Dim s1 As Double
Dim s3 As Double
s = 0
s1 = 1
s2 = 1
s3 = 1
For i = 1 To 20
    s = s + s2 * 2 + s3 * 10 + 1
    Debug.Print i, s2, s
    s2 = s3 * 10 + s2 * 10
    s3 = s3 * 10
Next
End Sub

程序输出结果:

 1             1             13
 2             20            154
 3             300           1755
 4             4000          19756
 5             50000         219757
 6             600000        2419758
 7             7000000       26419759
 8             80000000      286419760
 9             900000000     3086419761
 10            10000000000   33086419762
 11            110000000000                353086419763
 12            1200000000000               3753086419764
 13            13000000000000              39753086419765
 14            140000000000000             419753086419766
 15            1.5E+15       4.41975308641977E+15
 16            1.6E+16       4.64197530864198E+16
 17            1.7E+17       4.8641975308642E+17
 18            1.8E+18       5.08641975308642E+18
 19            1.9E+19       5.30864197530864E+19
 20            2E+20         5.53086419753086E+20

可以看出那个数在1000000000-2222222221之间(10位数）

'1-26补充完整

Private Function f(ByVal n As Long)
    Static num1(9) As Long '定义 num1(1)=f(1)+..+f(9),num1(2)=f(1)+...+f(99)
    Dim i As Long, j As Long
    Dim s As Long
    Dim s1 As Long
    Dim s2 As Long
    Dim s3 As Long
    Dim m As Long
    Dim mmod As Long
   
    '预处理
    If num1(1) = 0 Then
        num1(0) = 0  '0位数所含1总数为0，这个可以作为公理吧
      
        For i = 1 To 9 '2-9位数
            num1(i) = num1(i - 1) * 10 + 10 ^ (i - 1)
        Next
    End If
    
    s = 0
    m = n
    For i = 1 To 10
        mmod = (m Mod 10)
        If mmod = 0 Then
        ElseIf mmod = 1 Then
            '         i-1位数总和            本位1      余数
            s = s + (m Mod 10) * num1(i - 1) + 1 + ((n Mod 10 ^ (i - 1)))
        Else
            '         i-1位数总和                 余数
            s = s + (m Mod 10) * num1(i - 1) + 10 ^ (i - 1)
        End If
        m = m / 10
        If m = 0 Then Exit For
    Next i
    f = s
End Function

'用2分法查找the next biggst
Private Function GetNum() As Long
    Dim i As Long, j As Long
    Dim High As Double, Low As Double, Mid As Long
   
    High = 2147483647
    Low = 1000000000
    Do
        Mid = (High + Low) / 2
        GetNum = f(Mid)
        If GetNum > Mid Then
            High = Mid
        ElseIf GetNum < Mid Then
            Low = Mid
        Else
            Exit Do
        End If
    Loop
End Function

用GetNum可以得到那个数：1111111110