C# WPF异步更新UI元素

常见的问题"调用线程无法访问此对象，因为另一个线程拥有该对象。"

常见错误测试代码如下:

private void UpdateWrongMethod()
  {
    try
     {
         Thread.Sleep(1000);
         txtMsg.AppendText("Wrong Method Demo!");
     }
    catch (Exception ex)
     {
       UpdateMessage(ex.Message, System.Windows.Media.Brushes.Red);
     }
}

 private  void btnWrongMethod_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
  {
    try
      {
          Thread th = new Thread(UpdateWrongMethod);
          th.Start();
      }
     catch (Exception ex)
     {
          UpdateMessage(ex.Message, System.Windows.Media.Brushes.Red);
     }
 }

正确方式1:

使用 Dispatcher.BeginInvoke 方法

private void UpdateRightMethod()
{

  try
    {
     Thread.Sleep(1000);            		  
     this.Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(System.Windows.Threading.DispatcherPriority.Normal, new Action(() =>
          {
             txtMsg.AppendText("Use dispatcher Begin Invoke is right!");
          }));
   }
   catch (Exception ex)
   {
       MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
   }
}

private void btnRightMethod_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
   Thread th = new Thread(UpdateRightMethod);
   th.Start();
}

正确方式2:

使用异步函数, asyn, await 关键字

async Task UpdateMessage(string msg, Brush brush)
{
  await this.txtMsg.Dispatcher.InvokeAsync(new Action(() =>
  {
      Run run = new Run();
      Paragraph paragraph = new Paragraph();
      run.Foreground = brush;
      run.Text = msg;
      paragraph.Inlines.Add(run);
      paragraph.LineHeight = 1;
      this.txtMsg.Document.Blocks.Add(paragraph);
      this.txtMsg.ScrollToEnd();
 }));

}

private async void btnDirectRight\_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
  for (int i = 1; i < 10; i++)
   {
      await UpdateMessage($"Test Point {i}", Brushes.Green);
      await Task.Delay(500);
   }
}