英语词性－－代词

代词概念

代词是代替名词或名词短语的词性,避免重复，使句子更加简洁。

代词分类

1.人称代词

用于指代特定的人或事物，根据人称、数、格进行变化。

类别	主格	宾格	例句
第一人称单数	I	me	I love coffee. /He called me.
第一人称复数	we	us	We went to the park./She helped us.
第二人称单复数	you	you	You are my best friend. /I saw you yesterday.
第三人称单数	he/she/it	him/her/it	He is my brother. /She likes him.
第三人称复数	they	them	They are coming soon. /I met them.

2.物主代词

表示所有关系，分为形容词性和名词性

类别	形容词性物主代词(修饰名词)	名词性物主代词(独立使用)	例句
第一人称单数	my	mine	This is my book. /This book is mine.
第一人称复数	our	ours	That is our house. /The house is ours.
第二人称单复数	your	yours	Is this your pen? /The pen is yours.
第三人称单数	his/her/its	his/hers	This is his car? /This car is his.
第三人称复数	their	theirs	That is their room. /The root is theirs.

3.反身代词

表示动作作用于自身,或用于强调主语

代词类别	反身代词	例句
第一人称单数	myself	I hurt myself. (我伤到了自己)
第一人称复数	ourselves	We did it ourselves. (我们自己完成了这件事)
第二人称单复数	yourself / yourselves	Take care of yourself. (照顾好你自己)
第三人称单数	himself / herself / itself	He introduced himself. (他介绍了自己)
第三人称复数	themselves	They enjoyed themselves. (他们玩得很开心)

4.指示代词

用于指代特定的人或事物。

代词	例句
this（这）	This is my phone. (这是我的手机)
that（那）	That is a great idea. (那是个好主意)
these（这些）	These are my friends. (这些是我的朋友)
those（那些）	Those are expensive. (那些很贵)

5.疑问代词

用于询问问题。

代词	用法	例句
who	询问人，主语	Who is calling? (谁在打电话？)
whom	询问人，宾语	Whom did you see? (你看到谁了？)
whose	询问所有关系	Whose bag is this? (这是谁的包？)
what	询问事物	What is your name? (你的名字是什么？)
which	询问选择	Which color do you prefer? (你更喜欢哪种颜色？)

6.关系代词

关系代词用于引导从句，连接主句和从句。

代词	用法	例句
who	指人，作主语	The girl who is singing is my sister. (正在唱歌的女孩是我妹妹)
whom	指人，作宾语	The man whom you met is a doctor. (你遇到的那个人是医生)
whose	指所有关系	The boy whose father is a teacher is smart. (那个父亲是老师的男孩很聪明)
that	指人或物	The book that I bought is interesting. (我买的那本书很有趣)
which	指物	The car which he drives is new. (他开的车是新的)

7.不定代词

指代不特定的人或事物。

代词	例句
some（一些）	Some people like tea. (有些人喜欢茶)
any（任何）	Do you have any questions? (你有问题吗？)
no（没有）	No student failed the exam. (没有学生考试不及格)
every（每个）	Every child needs love. (每个孩子都需要爱)
someone（某人）	Someone called you. (有人给你打电话了)
anyone（任何人）	Is anyone there? (有人在吗？)
no one（无人）	No one knows the answer. (没有人知道答案)
everyone（每个人）	Everyone is happy. (每个人都很开心)
something（某物）	I need something to eat. (我需要点吃的)
anything（任何东西）	Do you want anything? (你想要什么吗？)
nothing（什么也没有）	There’s nothing in the box. (盒子里什么都没有)
everything（一切）	Everything is ready. (一切都准备好了)

8.相互代词

表示相互关系

代词	例句
each other（彼此）	They love each other. (他们彼此相爱)
one another（互相）	The students helped one another. (学生们互相帮助)

一表览所有

代词类别	示例
人称代词	I, you, he, she, it, we, they
物主代词	my, mine, your, yours, his, her, hers, our, ours, their, theirs
反身代词	myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves
指示代词	this, that, these, those
疑问代词	who, whom, whose, what, which
关系代词	who, whom, whose, that, which
不定代词	some, any, no, every, someone, anyone, no one, everyone, something, anything, nothing, everything
相互代词	each other, one another