Python学习 Day 1

一、第一个Python程序

创建一个名为Hello.py的程序，出处“Hello World！"

print("Hello World!")

二、变量/字符串

声明变量名：name 并赋值为：”fockrock“

name = "fockrock"

变量定义的规则

1. 变量名只能是 字母、数字或下划线的任意组合；
2. 变量名的第一个字符不能是数字；
3. 以下关键字不能声明为变量名：
   [‘and’, ‘as’, ‘assert’, ‘break’, ‘class’, ‘continue’, ‘def’, ‘del’, ‘elif’, ‘else’, ‘except’, ‘exec’, ‘finally’, ‘for’, ‘from’, ‘global’, ‘if’, ‘import’, ‘in’, ‘is’, ‘lambda’, ‘not’, ‘or’, ‘pass’, ‘print’, ‘raise’, ‘return’, ‘try’, ‘while’, ‘with’, ‘yield’]

变量赋值

	name = 'FockRock'
	name2 = name
	print("My name is ", name, name2)
	name = "Jeck"
	print(name, name2)

变量name的值被更新成了“Jack”，name2仍为“ForkRock”

三、用户输入

input获取用户输入

name = input（"What's your name?"）

四、字符串拼接

1. 用“+”拼接

name = "fockrock"
print("My name is " + name + "!")

输出：My name is fockrock !

2.使用%

name = 'fockrock'
print("My name is %s!" % name)

3.使用{} .format

name = 'fockrock'
print("My name is {name}!".format(name=name))

字符串是 %s;整数 %d;浮点数%f

四、条件表达式if…else

猜年龄游戏

'''在程序里设定好你的年龄，然后启动程序让用户猜测，用户输入后，根据他的输入提示用户输入的是否正确，
如果错误，提示是猜大了还是小了'''

age = 33
guess = int(input("The age you guess:"))
if guess == age:
    print('Congratulations on the correct answer!')
elif guess > age:
    print('The answer is bigger!')
elif guess < age:
    print('The answer is smaller!')

五、for循环

循环十次

for i in range(10):
	print("loop:", i)

输出：

loop: 0
loop: 1
loop: 2
loop: 3
loop: 4
loop: 5
loop: 6
loop: 7
loop: 8
loop: 9

需求一：遇到小于5的循环次数就不走了，直接跳入下一次循环

for i in range(10):
    if i<5:
        continue 
    print("loop:", i )

需求二：还是上面的程序，但是遇到大于5的循环次数就不走了，直接退出

for i in range(10):
    if i>5:
        break
    print("loop:", i )

回到上面猜年龄的游戏，如何实现让用户不断的猜年龄，但只给最多3次机会，再猜不对询问是否继续，如果回答不是”n“，则继续游戏，否则退出程序

# 预设正确答案33
age = 33
# 初始化回答次数
count = 0
while count <= 3:
    count += 1    
    if count <= 3:
        guess = int(input("The age you guess:"))
        if guess == age:
            print('Congratulations on the correct answer!')
            break
        elif guess > age:
            print('The answer is bigger!')
        elif guess < age:
            print('The answer is smaller!')
    else:
        # 回答超过3次，询问是否继续
        asw = input('Do you want go on? If not , Please type "n":')
        if asw != 'n':
            # 回答不是n  count值重置为0
            count = 0
        else:
            print('Nice to see you again')
            break