Base64是网络上最常见的用于传输8Bit字节代码的编码方式之一,大家可以查看RFC2045~RFC2049,上面有MIME的详细规范。Base64编码可用于在HTTP环境下传递较长的标识信息。采用Base64编码具有不可读性,即所编码的数据不会被人用肉眼所直接看到。设计此种编码是为了使二进制数据可以通过非纯 8-bit 的传输层传输,例如电子邮件的主体。
Base64编码的java代码示例:
package com.zhuifeng.util;
/**
*
* @author guoxk
*
* @version 创建时间 2016年1月8日 上午10:19:05
*
* 类描述:base64加密解密工具类
*
*/
public class Base64Coder
{
private static char[] map1 = new char[64];
static
{
int i = 0;
for (char c = 'A'; c <= 'Z'; c++)
map1[i++] = c;
for (char c = 'a'; c <= 'z'; c++)
map1[i++] = c;
for (char c = '0'; c <= '9'; c++)
map1[i++] = c;
map1[i++] = '+';
map1[i++] = '/';
}
// Mapping table from Base64 characters to 6-bit nibbles.
private static byte[] map2 = new byte[128];
static
{
for (int i = 0; i < map2.length; i++)
map2[i] = -1;
for (int i = 0; i < 64; i++)
map2[map1[i]] = (byte) i;
}
/**
* @author guoxk
*
* 方法描述:加密
* @param s 明文
* @return 密文
*/
public static String encode(String s)
{
return new String(encode(s.getBytes()));
}
public static char[] encode(byte[] in)
{
return encode(in, in.length);
}
private static char[] encode(byte[] in, int iLen)
{
int oDataLen = (iLen * 4 + 2) / 3; // output length without padding
int oLen = ((iLen + 2) / 3) * 4; // output length including padding
char[] out = new char[oLen];
int ip = 0;
int op = 0;
while (ip < iLen)
{
int i0 = in[ip++] & 0xff;
int i1 = ip < iLen ? in[ip++] & 0xff : 0;
int i2 = ip < iLen ? in[ip++] & 0xff : 0;
int o0 = i0 >>> 2;
int o1 = ((i0 & 3) << 4) | (i1 >>> 4);
int o2 = ((i1 & 0xf) << 2) | (i2 >>> 6);
int o3 = i2 & 0x3F;
out[op++] = map1[o0];
out[op++] = map1[o1];
out[op] = op < oDataLen ? map1[o2] : '=';
op++;
out[op] = op < oDataLen ? map1[o3] : '=';
op++;
}
return out;
}
/**
* @author guoxk
*
* 方法描述:解密
* @param s 密文
* @return 明文
*/
public static String decode(String s)
{
return new String(decode(s.toCharArray()));
}
public static byte[] decode(char[] in)
{
int iLen = in.length;
if (iLen % 4 != 0)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Length of Base64 encoded input string is not a multiple of 4.");
while (iLen > 0 && in[iLen - 1] == '=')
iLen--;
int oLen = (iLen * 3) / 4;
byte[] out = new byte[oLen];
int ip = 0;
int op = 0;
while (ip < iLen)
{
int i0 = in[ip++];
int i1 = in[ip++];
int i2 = ip < iLen ? in[ip++] : 'A';
int i3 = ip < iLen ? in[ip++] : 'A';
if (i0 > 127 || i1 > 127 || i2 > 127 || i3 > 127)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal character in Base64 encoded data.");
int b0 = map2[i0];
int b1 = map2[i1];
int b2 = map2[i2];
int b3 = map2[i3];
if (b0 < 0 || b1 < 0 || b2 < 0 || b3 < 0)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal character in Base64 encoded data.");
int o0 = (b0 << 2) | (b1 >>> 4);
int o1 = ((b1 & 0xf) << 4) | (b2 >>> 2);
int o2 = ((b2 & 3) << 6) | b3;
out[op++] = (byte) o0;
if (op < oLen)
out[op++] = (byte) o1;
if (op < oLen)
out[op++] = (byte) o2;
}
return out;
}
private Base64Coder()
{
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
System.out.println(Base64Coder.decode("w/fOxA=="));//解密
System.out.println(Base64Coder.encode("明文"));//加密
}
}