Android学习第16课—SQLite的简单使用

主要内容：
1 SQLite介绍(www.sqlite.org)
2 SQLiteOpenHelper类的使用方法
3 使用adb访问SQLite
4 增、删、改、查

SQLite是Android中的一个内置的小型的关系型数据库。
SQLiteOpenHelper类用于访问数据库，其中提供了很多方法对数据库进行相关管理和操作。

当需要对SQLite进行操作的时候，首先必须有一个SQLiteOpenHelper类的对象，但是SQLiteOpenHelper类是一个抽象类，所以我们必须自己编写一个类来继承这个抽象类，就会得到方法getReadableDatabase()和getWritableDatabase()的返回的SQLiteDatabase对象。

package dj.sqlite.db;

import android.content.Context;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.CursorFactory;
import android.util.Log;
//DatebaseHelper做为一个访问SQLite的助手类，提供两方面的功能：
//第一：getReadableDatabase()和getWritableDatabase()可以获得SQLiteDatabase对象，对数据库进行操作
//第二：提供onCreate()和onUpgrade()两个回调函数，允许我们在创建和升级数据库的时候进行自己的操作
public class DatabaseHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper
{
	private final static int VERSION = 1;
	//在SQLiteOpenHelper子类中必须要有这个构造函数
	public DatabaseHelper(Context context, String name, CursorFactory factory, int version) {
		//必须通过super调用父类中的构造函数
		super(context, name, factory, version);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	public DatabaseHelper(Context context, String name, int version) {
		this(context, name, null, version);
	}
	public DatabaseHelper(Context context, String name)
	{
		this(context, name, VERSION);
	}
	
	//该函数在第一次创建数据库的时候执行，实际上是在第一次得到SQLiteDatabase对象的时候调用这个方法
	@Override
	public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		Log.d("TAG", "create a database");
		//execSQL函数用于执行SQL语句
		db.execSQL("create table user(id int, name varchar(30))");
	}

	@Override
	public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		Log.d("TAG", "update a database");
		
	}

}

package dj.sqllite;

import dj.sqlite.db.DatabaseHelper;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;

public class SQLiteActivity extends Activity {
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
	private Button createButton = null;
	private Button updateButton = null;
	private Button insertButton = null;
	private Button updateRecordButton = null;
	private Button queryButton = null;
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        
        createButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.createDatabase);
        updateButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.updateDatabase);
        insertButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.insert);
        updateRecordButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.update);
        queryButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.query);
        
        createButton.setOnClickListener(new CreateListener());
        updateButton.setOnClickListener(new UpdateListener());
        insertButton.setOnClickListener(new InsertListener());
        updateRecordButton.setOnClickListener(new UpdateRecordListener());
        queryButton.setOnClickListener(new QueryListener());
        
    }
    
    class CreateListener implements OnClickListener
    {

		@Override
		public void onClick(View v) {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			//创建一个DatabaseHelper对象
			DatabaseHelper dbHelper = new DatabaseHelper(SQLiteActivity.this, "sqlText");
			//只有调用SQLiteDatabase对象deepgetReadableDatabse()或者getWritableDatabase()方法才能真正创建数据库对象
			@SuppressWarnings("unused")
			SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
			
		}
    	
    }
    class UpdateListener implements OnClickListener
    {

		@Override
		public void onClick(View v) {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			DatabaseHelper dbHelper = new DatabaseHelper(SQLiteActivity.this, "sqlText", 2);
			@SuppressWarnings("unused")
			SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
			
		}
    	
    }
    class InsertListener implements OnClickListener
    {

		@Override
		public void onClick(View v) {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			//生成一个ContentValues对象，存放键值对，键是列名，值是插入该列的值
			ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
			values.put("id", 1);
			values.put("name", "zhangsan");
			DatabaseHelper dbHelper = new DatabaseHelper(SQLiteActivity.this, "sqlText");
			SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
			//调用insert方法将数据插入数据库中
			db.insert("user", null, values);
			
		}
    	
    }
    class UpdateRecordListener implements OnClickListener
    {

		@Override
		public void onClick(View v) {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			DatabaseHelper dbHelper = new DatabaseHelper(SQLiteActivity.this, "sqlText");
			SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
			ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
			values.put("name", "lisi");
			db.update("user", values, "id=?", new String[]{"1"});
			
		}
    	
    }
    class QueryListener implements OnClickListener
    {

		@Override
		public void onClick(View v) {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			DatabaseHelper dbHelper = new DatabaseHelper(SQLiteActivity.this, "sqlText");
			SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
			Cursor cursor = db.query("user", new String[]{"id", "name"}, "id=?", new String[]{"1"}, 
					null, null, null);
			while(cursor.moveToNext())
				//moveToNext的作用：将游标向下挪动一位，判断当前语句的下一条是否还有数据
			{
				String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name"));
				Log.d("TAG", "query -->" + name);
			}
			
		}
    	
    }
}