django.db.utils.NotSupportedError: MySQL 8 or later is required

环境

        python==3.12.1

        django==4.2.9

        MySQL=5.7.44

报错信息

        django.db.utils.NotSupportedError: MySQL 8 or later is required (found 5.7.44).

System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
Exception in thread django-main-thread:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\IT\Python\Python312\Lib\threading.py", line 1073, in _bootstrap_inner
    self.run()
  File "C:\IT\Python\Python312\Lib\threading.py", line 1010, in run
    self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
  File "e:\lenovo_work\scheduleJob\envsche\Lib\site-packages\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 64, in wrapper
    fn(*args, **kwargs)
  File "e:\lenovo_work\scheduleJob\envsche\Lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\runserver.py", line 136, in inner_run
    self.check_migrations()
  File "e:\lenovo_work\scheduleJob\envsche\Lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 574, in check_migrations
    executor = MigrationExecutor(connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS])
               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "e:\lenovo_work\scheduleJob\envsche\Lib\site-packages\django\db\migrations\executor.py", line 18, in __init__
    self.loader = MigrationLoader(self.connection)
                  ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "e:\lenovo_work\scheduleJob\envsche\Lib\site-packages\django\db\migrations\loader.py", line 58, in __init__
    self.build_graph()
  File "e:\lenovo_work\scheduleJob\envsche\Lib\site-packages\django\db\migrations\loader.py", line 235, in build_graph
    self.applied_migrations = recorder.applied_migrations()
                              ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "e:\lenovo_work\scheduleJob\envsche\Lib\site-packages\django\db\migrations\recorder.py", line 81, in applied_migrations
    if self.has_table():
       ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "e:\lenovo_work\scheduleJob\envsche\Lib\site-packages\django\db\migrations\recorder.py", line 57, in has_table
    with self.connection.cursor() as cursor:
         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "e:\lenovo_work\scheduleJob\envsche\Lib\site-packages\django\utils\asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
    return func(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "e:\lenovo_work\scheduleJob\envsche\Lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\base.py", line 330, in cursor
    return self._cursor()
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "e:\lenovo_work\scheduleJob\envsche\Lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\base.py", line 306, in _cursor
    self.ensure_connection()
  File "e:\lenovo_work\scheduleJob\envsche\Lib\site-packages\django\utils\asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
    return func(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "e:\lenovo_work\scheduleJob\envsche\Lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\base.py", line 289, in ensure_connection
    self.connect()
  File "e:\lenovo_work\scheduleJob\envsche\Lib\site-packages\django\utils\asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
    return func(*args, **kwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "e:\lenovo_work\scheduleJob\envsche\Lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\base.py", line 272, in connect
    self.init_connection_state()
  File "e:\lenovo_work\scheduleJob\envsche\Lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\mysql\base.py", line 257, in init_connection_state
    super().init_connection_state()
  File "e:\lenovo_work\scheduleJob\envsche\Lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\base.py", line 239, in init_connection_state
    self.check_database_version_supported()
  File "e:\lenovo_work\scheduleJob\envsche\Lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\base.py", line 214, in check_database_version_supported
    raise NotSupportedError(
django.db.utils.NotSupportedError: MySQL 8 or later is required (found 5.7.44).

解决方案

        1、升级MySQL到8以上（略）

        2、重写方法（优雅）

                在settings.py同级目录下配置hexception.py文件（文件可以灵活设置），代码如下：

def check_database_version_supported(self):
    """
    在这里修改 check_database_version_supported 方法以适配 MySQL 5.7
    """
    if (
        self.features.minimum_database_version is not None
        and self.get_database_version() < self.features.minimum_database_version
    ):
        db_version = ".".join(map(str, self.get_database_version()))
        min_db_version = ".".join(map(str, self.features.minimum_database_version))
        print(f"WARNNING : The current MySQL version: {db_version}  The recommended MySQL version:{min_db_version}")

        settings.py中引用：

        

from .hexception import check_database_version_supported
from django.db.backends.base.base import BaseDatabaseWrapper

BaseDatabaseWrapper.check_database_version_supported = check_database_version_supported

原理

        ...\django\db\backends\base\base.py", line 214, in check_database_version_supported

        这一块说明了抛出错误的出处，所以重写此处的方法能将影响降到最低。

        我将我写的方法替换django原模块的方法，从而解决该问题