Docker 一些其他的常用命令-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/foreverxzt/article/details/136169737

后台启动容器

#docker run -d 镜像名

[root@localhost xiezuotao]# docker run -d centos
8f3252bfdf154646e64a66f80f587785b7225e8db7acd91ff0d2b596ada11829

[root@localhost xiezuotao]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE         COMMAND                   CREATED          STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
8f3252bfdf15   centos        "/bin/bash"               39 seconds ago   Exited (0) 37 seconds ago             eloquent_matsumoto

#发现 centos 已经停止运行
#docker 容器使用后台运行,就必须要有一个前台进程,否则就会停止

查看日志

#docker logs -f -t --tail number(填数字) 容器id

#编写一段shell脚本
[root@localhost xiezuotao]#docker run -d centos /bin/bash -c "while true;do echo shuaibixie;sleep 2;done"

[root@localhost xiezuotao]# docker logs -f -t --tail 3 398a41b864f5
2024-02-19T06:16:56.193431056Z shuaibixie
2024-02-19T06:16:58.196161134Z shuaibixie
2024-02-19T06:17:00.198741672Z shuaibixie

#显示日志
-tf              #显示日志
--tail number    #要显示日志的条数

查看容器中进程信息

# docker top 容器id

[root@localhost xiezuotao]# docker top 398a41b864f5 
UID                 PID                 PPID                C                   STIME               TTY                 TIME                CMD
root                4620                4600                0                   14:15               ?                   00:00:00            /bin/bash -c while true;do echo shuaibixie;sleep 2;done
root                5645                4620                0                   14:34               ?                   00:00:00            /usr/bin/coreutils --coreutils-prog-shebang=sleep /usr/bin/sleep 2

UID:用户id
PID:进程id
PPID:父id

查看镜像元数据

#命令
#docker inspect 容器id

#测试
[root@localhost xiezuotao]# docker inspect 398a41b864f5
[
    {
        "Id": "398a41b864f527a0d12605bce27219cc1066c68d582a1e37c61e53a4ec9ba28e",
        "Created": "2024-02-19T06:15:09.494047437Z",
        "Path": "/bin/bash",
        "Args": [
            "-c",
            "while true;do echo shuaibixie;sleep 2;done"
        ],
        "State": {
            "Status": "running",
            "Running": true,
            "Paused": false,
            "Restarting": false,
            "OOMKilled": false,
            "Dead": false,
            "Pid": 4620,
            "ExitCode": 0,
            "Error": "",
            "StartedAt": "2024-02-19T06:15:10.022492535Z",
            "FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
        },
        "Image": "sha256:5d0da3dc976460b72c77d94c8a1ad043720b0416bfc16c52c45d4847e53fadb6",
        "ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/398a41b864f527a0d12605bce27219cc1066c68d582a1e37c61e53a4ec9ba28e/resolv.conf",
        "HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/398a41b864f527a0d12605bce27219cc1066c68d582a1e37c61e53a4ec9ba28e/hostname",
        "HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/398a41b864f527a0d12605bce27219cc1066c68d582a1e37c61e53a4ec9ba28e/hosts",
        "LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/398a41b864f527a0d12605bce27219cc1066c68d582a1e37c61e53a4ec9ba28e/398a41b864f527a0d12605bce27219cc1066c68d582a1e37c61e53a4ec9ba28e-json.log",
        "Name": "/quirky_hertz",
        "RestartCount": 0,
        "Driver": "overlay2",
        "Platform": "linux",
        "MountLabel": "",
        "ProcessLabel": "",
        "AppArmorProfile": "",
        "ExecIDs": null,
        "HostConfig": {
            "Binds": null,
            "ContainerIDFile": "",
            "LogConfig": {
                "Type": "json-file",
                "Config": {}
            },
            "NetworkMode": "default",
            "PortBindings": {},
            "RestartPolicy": {
                "Name": "no",
                "MaximumRetryCount": 0
            },
            "AutoRemove": false,
            "VolumeDriver": "",
            "VolumesFrom": null,
            "ConsoleSize": [
                41,
                189
            ],
            "CapAdd": null,
            "CapDrop": null,
            "CgroupnsMode": "host",
            "Dns": [],
            "DnsOptions": [],
            "DnsSearch": [],
            "ExtraHosts": null,
            "GroupAdd": null,
            "IpcMode": "private",
            "Cgroup": "",
            "Links": null,
            "OomScoreAdj": 0,
            "PidMode": "",
            "Privileged": false,
            "PublishAllPorts": false,
            "ReadonlyRootfs": false,
            "SecurityOpt": null,
            "UTSMode": "",
            "UsernsMode": "",
            "ShmSize": 67108864,
            "Runtime": "runc",
            "Isolation": "",
            "CpuShares": 0,
            "Memory": 0,
            "NanoCpus": 0,
            "CgroupParent": "",
            "BlkioWeight": 0,
            "BlkioWeightDevice": [],
            "BlkioDeviceReadBps": [],
            "BlkioDeviceWriteBps": [],
            "BlkioDeviceReadIOps": [],
            "BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": [],
            "CpuPeriod": 0,
            "CpuQuota": 0,
            "CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
            "CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
            "CpusetCpus": "",
            "CpusetMems": "",
            "Devices": [],
            "DeviceCgroupRules": null,
            "DeviceRequests": null,
            "MemoryReservation": 0,
            "MemorySwap": 0,
            "MemorySwappiness": null,
            "OomKillDisable": false,
            "PidsLimit": null,
            "Ulimits": [],
            "CpuCount": 0,
            "CpuPercent": 0,
            "IOMaximumIOps": 0,
            "IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
            "MaskedPaths": [
                "/proc/asound",
                "/proc/acpi",
                "/proc/kcore",
                "/proc/keys",
                "/proc/latency_stats",
                "/proc/timer_list",
                "/proc/timer_stats",
                "/proc/sched_debug",
                "/proc/scsi",
                "/sys/firmware",
                "/sys/devices/virtual/powercap"
            ],
            "ReadonlyPaths": [
                "/proc/bus",
                "/proc/fs",
                "/proc/irq",
                "/proc/sys",
                "/proc/sysrq-trigger"
            ]
        },
        "GraphDriver": {
            "Data": {
                "LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/dc22f987766c7a67bb05110d0f9e6c2ac98cbac42c17f9eee0da889edb8e7d5f-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/92f4d12465dafc0bb3e4a05bd6ea68fb91ea68c186ae9d1c732789588fe58aa7/diff",
                "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/dc22f987766c7a67bb05110d0f9e6c2ac98cbac42c17f9eee0da889edb8e7d5f/merged",
                "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/dc22f987766c7a67bb05110d0f9e6c2ac98cbac42c17f9eee0da889edb8e7d5f/diff",
                "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/dc22f987766c7a67bb05110d0f9e6c2ac98cbac42c17f9eee0da889edb8e7d5f/work"
            },
            "Name": "overlay2"
        },
        "Mounts": [],
        "Config": {
            "Hostname": "398a41b864f5",
            "Domainname": "",
            "User": "",
            "AttachStdin": false,
            "AttachStdout": false,
            "AttachStderr": false,
            "Tty": false,
            "OpenStdin": false,
            "StdinOnce": false,
            "Env": [
                "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
            ],
            "Cmd": [
                "/bin/bash",
                "-c",
                "while true;do echo shuaibixie;sleep 2;done"
            ],
            "Image": "centos",
            "Volumes": null,
            "WorkingDir": "",
            "Entrypoint": null,
            "OnBuild": null,
            "Labels": {
                "org.label-schema.build-date": "20210915",
                "org.label-schema.license": "GPLv2",
                "org.label-schema.name": "CentOS Base Image",
                "org.label-schema.schema-version": "1.0",
                "org.label-schema.vendor": "CentOS"
            }
        },
        "NetworkSettings": {
            "Bridge": "",
            "SandboxID": "248bbaef6841b220ed21d5408d2f3d8b3e9280b04a9c2c3055147cc1a12f8d39",
            "SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/248bbaef6841",
            "Ports": {},
            "HairpinMode": false,
            "LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
            "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
            "EndpointID": "070964e113cbad4e868ed1e3894617b3563eae402cd73acf1922354226e1a8a7",
            "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
            "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
            "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "IPAddress": "172.17.0.3",
            "IPPrefixLen": 16,
            "IPv6Gateway": "",
            "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:03",
            "Networks": {
                "bridge": {
                    "IPAMConfig": null,
                    "Links": null,
                    "Aliases": null,
                    "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:03",
                    "NetworkID": "27041693628b64c85465846374f658c2a5b1b63b75201766990976880dceb74d",
                    "EndpointID": "070964e113cbad4e868ed1e3894617b3563eae402cd73acf1922354226e1a8a7",
                    "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.3",
                    "IPPrefixLen": 16,
                    "IPv6Gateway": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
                    "DriverOpts": null,
                    "DNSNames": null
                }
            }
        }
    }

进入当前正在运行的容器

#命令
#docker exec -it 容器id (/bin/bash)容器路径

[root@localhost xiezuotao]# docker exec -it 398a41b864f5 /bin/bash
[root@398a41b864f5 /]# ls
bin  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  lost+found  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var



#docker attach 容器id

[root@localhost xiezuotao]# docker attach 398a41b864f5
#正在执行当前的代码



#docker exec -it 容器id (/bin/bash)容器路径  #进入容器后开启一个新的终端
#docker attach 容器id                       #进入容器正在执行的终端,不会启动新的进程

从容器内拷贝文件到主机上

#命令
# docker cp 容器id:容器内路径 主机路径


#先进入容器内在home目录下新建一个test01.txt文件

[root@localhost home]# docker attach d2ae53576311
[root@d2ae53576311 /]# cd /home
[root@d2ae53576311 home]# touch test01.txt
[root@d2ae53576311 home]# ls
test01.txt

#通过docker cp命令,将容器内的文件拷到主机
[root@localhost home]# docker cp d2ae53576311:/home/test01.txt /home
Successfully copied 1.54kB to /home
[root@localhost home]# ls
test01.txt  xie.txt  xiezuotao

#拷贝是手动过程