Python3使用sort函数自定义排序

直接使用sort()函数

score = [78, 90, 40, 60]
score.sort()
print(score)

### [40, 60, 78, 90]

根据数据中的某一个项排序

students = [{"age": 18, "name": 'jack', "score": 89},
            {"age": 15, "name": 'tom', "score": 98},
            {"age": 16, "name": 'mike', "score": 98},
            {"age": 19, "name": 'jone', "score": 95}]

students.sort(key=lambda student: student['score'])
print(students)

### [{'age': 18, 'name': 'jack', 'score': 89},
###  {'age': 19, 'name': 'jone', 'score': 95},
###  {'age': 15, 'name': 'tom', 'score': 98},
###  {'age': 16, 'name': 'mike', 'score': 98}]

使用自定义的比较函数

在Python2.x中，可以使用cmp函数

students = [{"age": 18, "name": 'jack', "score": 89},
            {"age": 15, "name": 'tom', "score": 98},
            {"age": 16, "name": 'mike', "score": 98},
            {"age": 19, "name": 'jone', "score": 95}]

def compare(a, b):
    if a["score"] > b["score"]:
        return 1
    elif a["score"] < b["score"]:
        return -1
    else:
        return 0
students.sort(cmp=compare)
print(students)

### [{'age': 18, 'name': 'jack', 'score': 89},
###  {'age': 19, 'name': 'jone', 'score': 95},
###  {'age': 15, 'name': 'tom', 'score': 98},
###  {'age': 16, 'name': 'mike', 'score': 98}]

在python3.x中，移除了cmp函数，如果需要自定义比较，需要借用functools模块来完成

import functools

students = [{"age": 18, "name": 'jack', "score": 89},
            {"age": 15, "name": 'tom', "score": 98},
            {"age": 16, "name": 'mike', "score": 98},
            {"age": 19, "name": 'jone', "score": 95}]

def compare(a, b):
    if a["score"] > b["score"]:
        return 1
    elif a["score"] < b["score"]:
        return -1
    else:
        return 0
students.sort(key=functools.cmp_to_key(compare))
print(students)

### [{'age': 18, 'name': 'jack', 'score': 89},
###  {'age': 19, 'name': 'jone', 'score': 95},
###  {'age': 15, 'name': 'tom', 'score': 98},
###  {'age': 16, 'name': 'mike', 'score': 98}]