使用HttpURLConnection发送get和post请求

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-26 17:12:21 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-04-26 17:12:21 发布

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分类专栏： android 文章标签： HttpURLConnection android get post http

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/forwardyzk/article/details/45364463

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转载请注明出处:http://blog.csdn.net/forwardyzk/article/details/45364463

我们在开发的使用，直接使用的开源框架，例如:Xutil，Volley开源框架直接访问网络，但是我们也需要知道其中的一些知识，了解一下怎样访问网络的。下面我们模拟以下客户端和服务端，看看post和get请求。

首先我们开发一下客户端:

1.首先自定义线程，开启get请求。

public class GetThread extends Thread {
    private String name;
    private String age;
    private TextView show_content;
    private String url = "";
    private Handler handler = new Handler();

    public GetThread(String url, TextView show_content) {
        this.show_content = show_content;
        this.url = url;
    }

    public GetThread(String url, String name, String age, TextView show_content) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.show_content = show_content;
        this.url = url;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        super.run();
        getRun();
    }

    private void getRun() {
        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(url)) {
            throw new NullPointerException("please ensure url is not equals  null ");
        }
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = null;
        try {
            if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(name) && !TextUtils.isEmpty(age)) {
                url = url + "?name=" + URLEncoder.encode(name, "utf-8") + "&age=" + URLEncoder.encode(age, "utf-8");
            }
            URL httpUrl = new URL(url);
            HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection) httpUrl.openConnection();
            httpURLConnection.setReadTimeout(5000);
            httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("GET");
            //设置请求头header
            httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("test-header","get-header-value");
            //获取内容
            InputStream inputStream = httpURLConnection.getInputStream();
            bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
            final StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
            String line = null;
            while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
                stringBuffer.append(line);
            }
            handler.post(new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    show_content.setText(stringBuffer.toString());
                }
            });
        } catch (Exception e) {

        } finally {
            if (bufferedReader != null) {
                try {
                    bufferedReader.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }

    }
}

对于Get请求，请求参数是拼接在Url上的。例如:http://xxxx?name=zhangsan&age=20

httpURLConnection.setReadTimeout(5000);设置超时时间

httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("GET");设置请求方法

httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("test-header","get-header-value");设置请求头header

获取从服务器传回来的内容

InputStream inputStream = httpURLConnection.getInputStream();

讲InputStream 转换成BufferedReader，便于操作流

将流中的数据存入到了StringBuffer中，最后设置给展示内容的TextView上。

最后要记得关闭流。

2.自定义PostThread线程，开启Post请求

public class PostThread extends Thread {
    private String name;
    private String age;
    private TextView show_content;
    private String url = "";
    private Handler handler = new Handler();

    public PostThread(String url, TextView show_content) {
        this.show_content = show_content;
        this.url = url;
    }

    public PostThread(String url, String name, String age, TextView show_content) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.show_content = show_content;
        this.url = url;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        super.run();
        getRun();
    }

    private void getRun() {
//        Properties p=System.getProperties();
//        p.list(System.out);
        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(url)) {
            throw new NullPointerException("please ensure url is not equals  null ");
        }
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = null;
        try {
            URL httpUrl = new URL(url);
            HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection) httpUrl.openConnection();
            //设置请求头header
            httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("test-header","post-header-value");
            httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
            httpURLConnection.setReadTimeout(5000);

            //设置请求参数
            if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(name) && !TextUtils.isEmpty(age)) {
                OutputStream outputStream = httpURLConnection.getOutputStream();
//                String params="name="+ URLEncoder.encode(name, "utf-8")+"&age="+ URLEncoder.encode(age, "utf-8");
                String params="name="+ name+"&age="+ age;
                outputStream.write(params.getBytes());
            }

            //获取内容
            InputStream inputStream = httpURLConnection.getInputStream();
            bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
            final StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
            String line = null;
            while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
                stringBuffer.append(line);
            }
            handler.post(new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    show_content.setText(stringBuffer.toString());
                }
            });
        } catch (Exception e) {

        } finally {
            if (bufferedReader != null) {
                try {
                    bufferedReader.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }

    }
}

对于Post请求和Get请求有不同的地方

get请求是把请求参数拼接到Url中，可以在url中看到。而post请求不把请求参数放在了请求体中。

给Post设置请求参数

OutputStream outputStream = httpURLConnection.getOutputStream();获取请求连接的写入流

String params="name="+ name+"&age="+ age;拼接请求参数字符串

outputStream.write(params.getBytes());讲请求参数写入到写入流中

其他的地方和get请求是一样的。

3.在MainActivity中开启线程，并发送get和Post请求

/**
     * get request
     */
    private void getSubmit() {
        String url = AddressUtil.LOGIN_URL;
        String name = ed_name.getText().toString().trim();
        String age = ed_age.getText().toString().trim();
        new GetThread(url,name,age ,show_content).start();
    }

    /**
     * post request
     */
    private void postSubmot() {
        String url = AddressUtil.LOGIN_URL;
        String name = ed_name.getText().toString().trim();
        String age = ed_age.getText().toString().trim();
        new PostThread(url,name,age ,show_content).start();
    }

开启GetThread线程，发送get请求

第一个参数:请求地址

第二个参数：登录的名字，写入到了请求参数中

第三个参数:登录的年龄，写入到了请求参数中

第四个参数:展示服务器返回内容的展示的TextView

public class AddressUtil {
    public final  static  String LOCALHOST="http://10.2.52.19:8080";
    public final  static  String LOGIN_URL=LOCALHOST+"/HttpServerDemo/servlet/LoginServlet";

}

地址模拟服务器的地址。下面我们就看一看服务器是怎样运作的。

3.开发模拟的服务器

新建LoginServlet

public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {

		doPost(request, response);
	}

	/**
	 * The doPost method of the servlet. <br>
	 * 
	 * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to
	 * post.
	 * 
	 * @param request
	 *            the request send by the client to the server
	 * @param response
	 *            the response send by the server to the client
	 * @throws ServletException
	 *             if an error occurred
	 * @throws IOException
	 *             if an error occurred
	 */
	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {

		response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
		request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
		// 获取请求头
		String header = request.getHeader("test-header");
		if (header != null && !header.equals(""))
			System.out.println("test-header=" + header);
		// 获取请求参数
		String name = request.getParameter("name");
		String age = request.getParameter("age");
		// 打印流
		PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
		// 拼接返回给服务端的内容，并且输出
		if (name == null || name.equals("") || age == null || age.equals("")) {
			out.println("{'result':'1','error':'name and age is null'");
		} else {
			out.println("{'result':'0','user':{'name':'"
					+ new String(name.getBytes("iso-8859-1"), "utf-8")
					+ "','age':'"
					+ new String(age.getBytes("iso-8859-1"), "utf-8") + "'}}");
			System.out.println("name="
					+ new String(name.getBytes("iso-8859-1"), "utf-8"));
			System.out.println("age="
					+ new String(age.getBytes("iso-8859-1"), "utf-8"));
		}

		out.flush();
		out.close();
	}

在index.jsp中写登录的界面

3.1代码:Post请求

显示下面的截图，表示post请求成功

3.2 Get请求

如果限制的内容和图片是一样，标识get请求已经成功访问。

4.下面使用手机端的App访问服务端

使用手机端访问服务端，要把localhost转换成IP地址

请求地址的拼接

public class AddressUtil {
    public final  static  String LOCALHOST="http://10.2.52.19:8080";
    public final  static  String LOGIN_URL=LOCALHOST+"/HttpServerDemo/servlet/LoginServlet";

}

4.1Get请求

代码请求

/**
     * get request
     */
    private void getSubmit() {
        String url = AddressUtil.LOGIN_URL;
        String name = ed_name.getText().toString().trim();
        String age = ed_age.getText().toString().trim();
        new GetThread(url,name,age ,show_content).start();
    }

请求结果

4.2 Post请求

代码请求

 /**
     * post request
     */
    private void postSubmot() {
        String url = AddressUtil.LOGIN_URL;
        String name = ed_name.getText().toString().trim();
        String age = ed_age.getText().toString().trim();
        new PostThread(url,name,age ,show_content).start();
    }

请求结果:

这样客服端和服务端的开发，get和post请求已经成功。

客户端源码下载：http://download.csdn.net/detail/forwardyzk/8645171

服务端源码下载：http://download.csdn.net/detail/forwardyzk/8645181

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使用HttpURLConnection发送get和post请求

转载请注明出处:我们在开发的使用，直接使用的开源框架，例如:Xutil，Volley开源框架直接访问网络，但是我们也需要知道其中的一些知识，了解一下怎样访问网络的。下面我们模拟以下客户端和服务端，看看post和get请求。首先我们开发一下客户端:1.首先自定义线程，开启get请求。public class GetThread extends Thread {
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