图解ReactiveCocoa基本函数

本文内容仅适用于ReactiveCocoa v2.5

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关于函数响应式编程（FRP），可以参考

• What is (functional) reactive programming?
• Specification for a Functional Reactive Programming language

Streams of values over time

ReactiveCocoa repo上最简单的一句话对FRP做了本质的描述，而repo本身提供的是APIs of composing and transforming streams of values，而Streams of values的抽象在ReactiveCocoa中应该是RACStream，而composing and transforming是本文的重点。

先解释ReactiveCocoa中的两个基本概念

• 信号（Signal） a signal is a steam of values，signals can be transformed, combined,etc.

• 订阅者（Subscriber） a subscriber subscribes to a signal. RAC lets blocks,objects, and properties subscribe to signals

##filter

RACSignal *signal = [@[ @1, @2, @3 ] rac_sequence].signal; signal = [signal filter:^BOOL(NSNumber *value) {
    return value.integerValue % 2;
}];
[signal subscribeNext:^(NSNumber *value) {
    NSLog(@"%@", value);
}];

##map

  RACSignal *signal = [@[ @1, @2, @3 ] rac_sequence].signal;
  signal = [signal map:^id(NSNumber *value) {
    return @(value.integerValue * 2);
  }];
  [signal subscribeNext:^(NSNumber *value) {
    NSLog(@"%@", value);
  }];

##merge

RACSignal *signal1 = [@[ @1, @2 ] rac_sequence].signal;
RACSignal *signal2 = [@[ @4, @5 ] rac_sequence].signal;

[[signal1 merge:signal2] subscribeNext:^(NSNumber *value) {
    NSLog(@"%@", value);
}];

##combineLatest

  RACSignal *signal1 = [@[ @1, @2 ] rac_sequence].signal;
  RACSignal *signal2 = [@[ @3, @4 ] rac_sequence].signal;

  [[signal1 combineLatestWith:signal2] subscribeNext:^(RACTuple *value) {
    NSLog(@"%@", value);
  }];

##combineLatest & reduce

  RACSignal *signal1 = [@[ @1, @2 ] rac_sequence].signal;
  RACSignal *signal2 = [@[ @3, @4 ] rac_sequence].signal;

  [[[signal1 combineLatestWith:signal2]
      reduceEach:^id(NSNumber *v1, NSNumber *v2) {
        return @(v1.integerValue * v2.integerValue);
      }] subscribeNext:^(RACTuple *value) {
    NSLog(@"%@", value);
  }];

##flatten

RACSignal *signal1 = [@[ @1, @2 ] rac_sequence].signal;
RACSignal *signal2 = [RACSignal return:signal1];

[[signal2 flatten] subscribeNext:^(NSNumber *value) {
    NSLog(@"%@", value);
}];

##flattenMap

RACSignal *signal = [@[ @1, @2 ] rac_sequence].signal;

[[signal flattenMap:^RACStream *(NSNumber *value) {
    return [RACSignal return:@(value.integerValue * 2)];
}] subscribeNext:^(NSNumber *value) {
    NSLog(@"%@", value);
}];

##not replay

RACSubject *letters = [RACSubject subject];
RACSignal *signal = letters;
[signal subscribeNext:^(id x) {
    NSLog(@"S1: %@", x);
}];
[letters sendNext:@"A"];
[signal subscribeNext:^(id x) {
    NSLog(@"S2: %@", x);
}];
[letters sendNext:@"B"];
[letters sendNext:@"C"];

##replay

RACSubject *letters = [RACReplaySubject subject];
RACSignal *signal = letters;
[signal subscribeNext:^(id x) {
  NSLog(@"S1: %@", x);
}];
[letters sendNext:@"A"];
[signal subscribeNext:^(id x) {
  NSLog(@"S2: %@", x);
}];
[letters sendNext:@"B"];
[signal subscribeNext:^(id x) {
  NSLog(@"S3: %@", x);
}];
[letters sendNext:@"C"];

##replayLast

RACSubject *letters = [RACSubject subject];
RACSignal *signal = [letters replayLast];
[signal subscribeNext:^(id x) {
  NSLog(@"S1: %@", x);
}];
[letters sendNext:@"A"];
[signal subscribeNext:^(id x) {
  NSLog(@"S2: %@", x);
}];
[letters sendNext:@"B"];
[signal subscribeNext:^(id x) {
  NSLog(@"S3: %@", x);
}];
[letters sendNext:@"C"];

##replayLazily

RACSubject *letters = [RACSubject subject];
RACSignal *signal = [letters replayLazily];
[letters sendNext:@"A"];
[signal subscribeNext:^(id x) {
  NSLog(@"S1: %@", x);
}];
[letters sendNext:@"B"];
[signal subscribeNext:^(id x) {
  NSLog(@"S2: %@", x);
}];
[letters sendNext:@"C"];
[signal subscribeNext:^(id x) {
  NSLog(@"S3: %@", x);
}];
[letters sendNext:@"D"];

##zip

RACSubject *letters = [RACSubject subject];
RACSubject *numbers = [RACSubject subject];

RACSignal *combined =
    [RACSignal zip:@[ letters, numbers ]
            reduce:^(NSString *letter, NSString *number) {
              return [letter stringByAppendingString:number];
            }];

// Outputs: A1 B2 C3
[combined subscribeNext:^(id x) {
  NSLog(@"%@", x);
}];

[letters sendNext:@"A"];
[letters sendNext:@"B"];
[letters sendNext:@"C"];
[numbers sendNext:@"1"];
[numbers sendNext:@"2"];
[numbers sendNext:@"3"];

完整的源码可以在这里找到 Demo