6.spring篇-el表达式

1、 spring-expression el表达式支持

官网文档：https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/current/reference/html/core.html#expressions

1.1 简单使用示例

1、maven文件依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.10.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

2、示例代码

import org.springframework.expression.EvaluationContext;
import org.springframework.expression.spel.standard.SpelExpressionParser;
import org.springframework.expression.spel.support.SimpleEvaluationContext;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author yinyuming
 * @date 2021-06-10 15:51
 */
public class SpringTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //详细见：https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/current/reference/html/core.html#expressions-language-ref
        //表达式
        SpelExpressionParser parser = new SpelExpressionParser();

        //1、数值类
        System.out.println(parser.parseExpression("'真好！'").getValue(String.class));
        System.out.println(parser.parseExpression("1.222").getValue(Double.class));
        System.out.println(parser.parseExpression("0x7FFFFFFF").getValue(Long.class));
        System.out.println(parser.parseExpression("true").getValue(Boolean.class));

        //2、对象，数组，索引等
        EvaluationContext context = SimpleEvaluationContext.forReadOnlyDataBinding().build();

        String[] array = new String[]{"abc1","abc2","abc3"};
        List<String> list = Arrays.asList("abc1", "abc2", "abc3");
        class A{
            public String name;
            public A(String a) {
                this.name = a;
            }
        }
        List<A> objects = Arrays.asList(new A("a"));

        System.out.println(parser.parseExpression("[0]").getValue(context, list, String.class));
        System.out.println(parser.parseExpression("[1]").getValue(context, array, String.class));
        System.out.println(parser.parseExpression("[0].name").getValue(context, objects, String.class));
        System.out.println(parser.parseExpression("{1,2,3,4}").getValue(context, List.class));

        //3、关系运算符
        // evaluates to true,   lt( <), gt( >), le( <=), ge( >=), eq( ==), ne( !=), div( /), mod( %), not( !).
        System.out.println(parser.parseExpression("2 gt 2").getValue());
        System.out.println(parser.parseExpression("2 == 2").getValue());
        System.out.println(parser.parseExpression("2 < -5.0").getValue());
        System.out.println(parser.parseExpression("'black' < 'block'").getValue());

        //4、逻辑运算符，and( &&)，or( ||)，not( !)
        System.out.println(parser.parseExpression("true and false").getValue());
        System.out.println(parser.parseExpression("true || false").getValue());

        //5、数学运算符，加法（+）,减法 ( -)、乘法 ( *) 和除法 ( /)，模数 ( %) 和指数幂 ( ^) 运算符
        System.out.println(parser.parseExpression("1 + 1").getValue(Integer.class));
        System.out.println(parser.parseExpression("2 * 3").getValue(Integer.class));
        System.out.println(parser.parseExpression("2^5").getValue(Integer.class));

        //6、类型
        System.out.println(parser.parseExpression("T(java.util.Date)").getValue(Class.class));
    }
}

1.2 应用

可以让你的某些自己的配置文件也支持spring el表达式解析，

1.2.1 自定义注解使用spring的el表达式

package com.yym.frame.spring.el;
/**
 * @author yinyuming
 * @date 2021-08-12 10:19
 */
public @interface MyAnnotation {
    String key() default "";
    String name() default "";
}

package com.yym.frame.spring.el;

/**
 * @author yinyuming
 * @date 2021-08-12 10:16
 */

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.reflect.MethodSignature;
import org.springframework.core.DefaultParameterNameDiscoverer;
import org.springframework.expression.EvaluationContext;
import org.springframework.expression.Expression;
import org.springframework.expression.spel.standard.SpelExpressionParser;
import org.springframework.expression.spel.support.StandardEvaluationContext;

/**
 * 分布式锁切面
 *
 * @author HuangYong
 */
@Slf4j
@Aspect
public class AspectElParam {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AspectElParam aspectElParam = new AspectElParam();
        String valBySpEL = aspectElParam.getValBySpEL("#b+#a", new String[]{"a", "b"}, new Object[]{1, 2});
        System.out.println("结果valBySpEL=" + valBySpEL);
    }

    /**
     * 用于SpEL表达式解析.
     */
    private SpelExpressionParser spelExpressionParser = new SpelExpressionParser();
    /**
     * 用于获取方法参数定义名字.
     */
    private DefaultParameterNameDiscoverer nameDiscoverer = new DefaultParameterNameDiscoverer();

    @Around("@within(myAnnotation) || @annotation(myAnnotation)")
    public Object aroundLock(ProceedingJoinPoint point, MyAnnotation myAnnotation) throws Throwable {
        if (myAnnotation == null) {
            // 获取类上的注解
            myAnnotation = point.getTarget().getClass().getDeclaredAnnotation(MyAnnotation.class);
        }
        String key = myAnnotation.key();
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(key)) {
            throw new RuntimeException("key el param is null");
        }
        if (key.contains("#")) {
            MethodSignature methodSignature = (MethodSignature) point.getSignature();
            //获取方法参数值
            Object[] args = point.getArgs();
            key = getValBySpEL(key, nameDiscoverer.getParameterNames(methodSignature.getMethod()), args);
        }
        try {
            log.info("获取到注解上,名字=" + myAnnotation.name() + ",el表达式的key=" + key);
            //加锁
            return point.proceed();
        } finally {
        }
    }

    /**
     * 解析spEL表达式
     */
    private String getValBySpEL(String spEL, String[] paramNames, Object[] args) {
        //获取方法形参名数组
        if (paramNames != null && paramNames.length > 0) {
            Expression expression = spelExpressionParser.parseExpression(spEL);
            // spring的表达式上下文对象
            EvaluationContext context = new StandardEvaluationContext();
            // 给上下文赋值
            for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
                context.setVariable(paramNames[i], args[i]);
            }
            return expression.getValue(context).toString();
        }
        return null;
    }
}

使用效果如下

@MyAnnotation (name="my_choose_name",key="#a+#b")
public void getName(String a, String b){
}

1.2.2 spring配置中使用spring的el表达式

spring:
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        enabled: true
        server-addr: http://localhost
        namespace: dev
        group: DEFAULT_GROUP
        username: root
        password: 123456
    sentinel:
      datasource:
      #入口调用限制
        entry-ds:
          nacos:
            server-addr: ${spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.server-addr}
            username: ${spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.username}
            password: ${spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.password}