入门 - 01- Java帝国的诞生

一场旷日持久的战争

一、C& C++
1972年C诞生
创造了：操作系统，编译器，数据库，网络系统等
利端：贴近硬件，运行极快，效率极高
弊端：指针和内存管理
1982年C++诞生
利端：面向对象、兼容C、可以应用予图形领域、游戏等
弊端：C语言还是需要去了解最底层的硬件知识比如内存管理
二、反抗
我们要建立一个新的语言：
语法有点像C
没有指针
没有内存管理
真正的可移植性，编写一次，到处运行
每个操作系统上增加了一个抽象层JVM(Java虚拟机)，实现了可移植性
面向对象
类型安全
高质量的类库
…
语言开发出来最开始叫它C+±-(在C++语言的基础上去掉了一些比较复杂的东西)

后来发现设计理念偏差太大，所以自己重新定义了一门语言，最开始看到门口的橡树(oak)，就想叫它oak，但最后发布的时候被别人使用了

讨论了许久，选了很多的名字，终于把这门语言叫Java

Java

三、Java初生
1995年的网页简单而粗糙，缺乏互动性

图形界面的程序(Applet)

Bill Gates说：这是迄今为止设计的最好的语言

Java 2 标准版(J2SE)：去占领桌面

失败，开发桌面应用的根本无法接受Java，Java做的界面非常丑陋
Java 2 移动版(J2ME)：去占领手机

不受待见，当时互联网还未兴起
Java 2 企业版(J2EE)：去占领服务器

大家发现Java简直就是为服务器而生的，而且特别适合一些团队开发一些复杂的大型项目
大量的巨头加入

四、Java发展
他们基于Java开发了巨多的平台，系统，工具

构建工具：Ant，Maven，Jekins

应用服务器：Tomcat，Jetty，Jboss，Websphere，weblogic

weblogic凭借着集群功能，第一次展示了复杂应用的可扩展性和高可用性
三高问题：高可用，高性能，高并发

三高问题这个中间界的东西把程序员从事务管理、安全管理、权限管理等方面解放出来，让他们能够专注于业务去开发
Web开发：Struts，Spring，Hibernate，Mybatis

开发工具：Eclipse，NetBean，intellij idea，Jbuilder

…

2006：Hadoop(大数据领域)

2008：Android(手机端)
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