Linux 共享文件夹设置

要求

将用户 bill、karen 加入 music 组，让其在共享文件夹 /usr/local/share/Music/ 下自由创建共享文件(夹)

准备

• VM: CentOS 6.4
• ssh: XShell
• VM IP: 192.168.211.131

操作

1. 创建用户 bill、karen

   # add user bill, karen (use root to login)
   [root@centos6 ~]# useradd bill
   [root@centos6 ~]# passwd bill
   Changing password for user bill.
   New password: 
   BAD PASSWORD: it is WAY too short
   BAD PASSWORD: is too simple
   Retype new password: 
   passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
   [root@centos6 ~]# useradd karen
   [root@centos6 ~]# passwd karen
   Changing password for user karen.
   New password: 
   BAD PASSWORD: it is WAY too short
   BAD PASSWORD: is too simple
   Retype new password: 
   passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
   

2. 创建组 music，并将用户 bill、karen 加入 music 组

   [root@centos6 ~]# groupadd music
   [root@centos6 ~]# usermod -G music bill
   [root@centos6 ~]# usermod -G music karen
   [root@centos6 ~]#
   

3. 用 bill 登录，创建共享文件夹

   [C:\~]$ ssh bill@192.168.211.131 22
   
   
   Connecting to 192.168.211.131:22...
   Connection established.
   To escape to local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'.
   
   [bill@centos6 ~]$ mkdir /usr/local/share/Music
   mkdir: cannot create directory `/usr/local/share/Music': Permission denied
   [bill@centos6 ~]$ su -
   Password: 
   [root@centos6 ~]# mkdir /usr/local/share/Music
   [root@centos6 ~]#
   

4. 更改共享文件夹所在组、文件权限

   [root@centos6 ~]# ll -d /usr/local/share/Music
   drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 27 14:03 /usr/local/share/Music
   [root@centos6 ~]# chown :music /usr/local/share/Music/
   [root@centos6 ~]# ll -d /usr/local/share/Music
   drwxr-xr-x 2 root music 4096 Oct 27 14:03 /usr/local/share/Music
   [root@centos6 ~]# chmod 775 /usr/local/share/Music/
   [root@centos6 ~]# ll -d /usr/local/share/Music
   drwxrwxr-x 2 root music 4096 Oct 27 14:03 /usr/local/share/Music
   [root@centos6 ~]#
   

5. 变更为超管组权限

   [root@centos6 ~]# chmod g+s /usr/local/share/Music/
   [root@centos6 ~]# ll -d /usr/local/share/Music
   drwxrwsr-x 2 root music 4096 Oct 27 14:03 /usr/local/share/Music
   [root@centos6 ~]# exit
   logout
   [bill@centos6 ~]$
   

6. 设置 umask

   [bill@centos6 ~]$ umask 0002
   

7. 测试：bill 创建共享测试文件、共享测试文件夹

   [bill@centos6 ~]$ > /usr/local/share/Music/bill_file
   [bill@centos6 ~]$ mkdir /usr/local/share/Music/bill_dir
   [bill@centos6 ~]$ ll /usr/local/share/Music/
   total 4
   drwxrwsr-x 2 bill music 4096 Oct 27 14:07 bill_dir
   -rw-rw-r-- 1 bill music    0 Oct 27 14:06 bill_file
   [bill@centos6 ~]$ 
   

8. 测试：karen 创建共享测试文件、共享测试文件夹

   [C:\~]$ ssh karen@192.168.211.131 22
   
   
   Connecting to 192.168.211.131:22...
   Connection established.
   To escape to local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'.
   
   [karen@centos6 ~]$ id
   uid=502(karen) gid=502(karen) groups=502(karen),503(music)
   [karen@centos6 ~]$ > /usr/local/share/Music/karen_file
   [karen@centos6 ~]$ mkdir /usr/local/share/Music/karen_dir
   [karen@centos6 ~]$ ll /usr/local/share/Music/
   total 8
   drwxrwsr-x 2 bill  music 4096 Oct 27 14:07 bill_dir
   -rw-rw-r-- 1 bill  music    0 Oct 27 14:06 bill_file
   drwxrwsr-x 2 karen music 4096 Oct 27 14:17 karen_dir
   -rw-rw-r-- 1 karen music    0 Oct 27 14:17 karen_file
   [karen@centos6 ~]$ 
   

注意事项

若需反复练习上述设置，需依次执行：

# 1. Logout bill, karen
# 2. Use root to login
[C:\~]$ ssh root@192.168.211.131 22


Connecting to 192.168.211.131:22...
Connection established.
To escape to local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'.

Last login: Sun Oct 27 13:38:54 2019 from 192.168.211.1
[root@centos6 ~]# id
uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root)
[root@centos6 ~]#

# 3. Remove shared directory 'Music' recursively
[root@centos6 ~]# rm -rf /usr/local/share/Music/

# 4. Delete user bill
[root@centos6 ~]# userdel bill

# 5. Remove bill's home directory
[root@centos6 ~]# rm -rf /home/bill

# 6. Remove bill's mailbox directory
[root@centos6 ~]# rm -rf /var/spool/mail/bill 

# 7. Delete user karen
[root@centos6 ~]# userdel karen

# 8. Remove karen's home directory
[root@centos6 ~]# rm -rf /home/karen/

# 9. Remove karen's mailbox directory
[root@centos6 ~]# rm -rf /var/spool/mail/karen 

# 10. Delete group 'music'
[root@centos6 ~]# groupdel music
[root@centos6 ~]# 

出处

The Linux Command Line v13.07, July 6, 2013, Second Internet Edition.(Chapter 9, P127: Exercising Our Privileges)