C# 窗体半透明，控件不透明

 效果：

采用两层窗体实现

• 上方窗体，背景全透明，控件不透明，鼠标可穿透
• 下方窗体，通过Opacity调整透明度，无控件，鼠标不可穿透

前景窗体：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace WindowsFormsApp26
{
    class FrmForeground:Form
    {
        public FrmForeground()
        {
            InitUI();
            this.Load += FrmTransparent_Load;
        }

        private void InitUI()
        {
            Label lab = new Label(); //要显示的文本
            lab.AutoSize = true;
            lab.Text = "我是在半透明窗体上";
            lab.BackColor = Color.Transparent; //背景色透明
            lab.Location = new Point(90, 150); //调整在窗体上的位置
            this.Controls.Add(lab);
            this.FormBorderStyle = FormBorderStyle.None;
        }

        private void FrmTransparent_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            // 设置背景全透明
            this.BackColor = Color.AliceBlue;
            this.TransparencyKey = Color.AliceBlue;
            // 设置窗体鼠标穿透
            SetPenetrate();
        }

        #region win32 api
        private const uint WS_EX_LAYERED = 0x80000;
        private const int WS_EX_TRANSPARENT = 0x20;
        private const int GWL_STYLE = (-16);
        private const int GWL_EXSTYLE = (-20);
        private const int LWA_ALPHA = 0;

        [DllImport("user32", EntryPoint = "SetWindowLong")]
        private static extern uint SetWindowLong(
            IntPtr hwnd,
            int nIndex,
            uint dwNewLong
        );

        [DllImport("user32", EntryPoint = "GetWindowLong")]
        private static extern uint GetWindowLong(
            IntPtr hwnd,
            int nIndex
        );

        [DllImport("user32", EntryPoint = "SetLayeredWindowAttributes")]
        private static extern int SetLayeredWindowAttributes(
            IntPtr hwnd,
            int crKey,
            int bAlpha,
            int dwFlags
        );
        #endregion

        /// <summary> 
        /// 设置窗体具有鼠标穿透效果 
        /// </summary> 
        public void SetPenetrate()
        {
            GetWindowLong(this.Handle, GWL_EXSTYLE);
            SetWindowLong(this.Handle, GWL_EXSTYLE, WS_EX_TRANSPARENT | WS_EX_LAYERED);
        }
    }
}

背景窗体：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace WindowsFormsApp26
{
    class FrmBackgound
    {
        public static void Show(Form frmTop, Form frmBackOwner, Color frmBackColor, double frmBackOpacity)
        {
            // 背景窗体设置
            var frmBack = new Form();
            frmBack.FormBorderStyle = FormBorderStyle.None;
            frmBack.StartPosition = FormStartPosition.Manual;
            frmBack.ShowIcon = false;
            frmBack.ShowInTaskbar = false;
            frmBack.Opacity = frmBackOpacity;
            frmBack.BackColor = frmBackColor;
            frmBack.Owner = frmBackOwner;
            frmBack.Size = frmTop.Size;
            frmBack.Location = frmTop.Location;
            // 顶部窗体设置
            frmTop.Owner = frmBack;
            frmTop.StartPosition = FormStartPosition.Manual;
            frmTop.LocationChanged += (o, args) => { frmBack.Location = frmTop.Location; };
            // 显示窗体
            frmTop.Show();
            frmBack.Show();
        }
    }
}

 调用：

private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    var frmForeground = new FrmForeground();
    frmForeground.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(50,50);
    FrmBackgound.Show(frmForeground, this, Color.Yellow, 0.8);
}