python 继承语法

两个类，一个是 Student, 另一个是 WorkingStudent，WorkingStudent 比 Student 多了一个 salary 属性，如果写成两个独立的类，代码如下：

class Student:
    def __init__(self, name, school): # dunder 函数，构造函数
        self.name = name
        self.school = school
        self.marks = [] # 分数

    def average(self): # 计算平均分
        return sum(self.marks) / len(self.marks)


class WorkingStudent:
    def __init__(self, name, school, salary):
        self.name = name
        self.school = school
        self.marks = []
        self.salary = salary # 工资

    def average(self):
        return sum(self.marks) / len(self.marks)

这种写法，大部分代码都是重复的，为了避免重复，改为使用继承，使WorkingStudent 继承 Student：

class Student:
    def __init__(self, name, school):
        self.name = name
        self.school = school
        self.marks = [] 

    def average(self):
        return sum(self.marks) / len(self.marks)


class WorkingStudent(Student):
    def __init__(self, name, school, salary):
        super().__init__(name, school) # super() 是 Student
        self.salary = salary