图像处理一些注意事项

ftyopop

已于 2023-09-13 20:53:31 修改

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文章标签： python conda matplotlib

于 2023-09-12 19:55:34 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/ftyopop/article/details/132839530

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一、Anaconda
安装后在开始菜单找不到的问题
打开cmd ，进入anaconda安装的位置，然后输入python .\Lib\_nsis.py mkmenus，注意“python” 与"."之间有空格。
jupyter下看不到虚拟环境
在虚拟环境中安装这两个包

conda install ipykernel

conda install nb_conda
二、Labelimg
打开文件夹出现闪退
检查python版本是否为3.7，版本不能太高
三、图像文件的命名
采用全英文小写字母，不要含有一些特殊字符；
批量修改文件名，可以采用在pycharm运行：

import os
for filename in os.listdir('C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/data/train/ok/'):
   newname = filename.replace('ok.', 'ok')  #把ok.换成ok
   os.rename('C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/data/train/ok/'+filename, 'C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/data/train/ok/'+newname)

四、标注文件
图像目标标注之后，确认产生的标注文件（以.xml为扩展名）和图像文件在同一个文件夹中；
标注名称一律使用全英文小写名称，不要含有特殊字符；标注的类别名称要提前确定好，因为模型训练时要使用到这些名称。
五、Git
Gitbush
装好以后在要训练的文件夹里右键会有git bash here选项，不要在下载了git的文件夹打开
无法在gitbash里激活conda 虚拟环境
Git Bash窗口右键选项->文本，将字符集改为GBK，本地Locale改为zh_CN，重启Git Bash窗口，成功运行。
六、EAIDK-610环境部署
进入某一路径在terminal中是通过 cd 路径实现的
报错：Illegal instruction(cpre dumped)
如果报错：OpenBLAS Warning : Detect OpenMP Loop and this application may hang. Please rebuild the library with USE_OPENMP=1 option
七、获取全部文件名字并生成txt文件

import os
import glob

def extract_filenames_without_extension(directory, txt_file):
   file_list = glob.glob(os.path.join(directory, '*'))  # 获取目录下所有文件的路径
   filenames = [os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(file))[0] for file in file_list]  # 去掉扩展名的文件名
   with open(txt_file, 'w') as f:
       f.write('\n'.join(filenames))  # 将文件名写入txt文件，每个文件名占一行

# 示例用法
directory = 'C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/kuo/training_data/lion_napkin/JPEGImages/'  # 指定目录路径
txt_file = 'C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/kuo/training_data/lion_napkin/JPEGImages/trainval.txt'  # 指定生成名为trainval的txt文件路径

extract_filenames_without_extension(directory, txt_file)

八、数据扩增

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import cv2
import numpy as np
import os.path
import copy


# 椒盐噪声
def SaltAndPepper(src, percetage):
   SP_NoiseImg = src.copy()
   SP_NoiseNum = int(percetage * src.shape[0] * src.shape[1])
   for i in range(SP_NoiseNum):
       randR = np.random.randint(0, src.shape[0] - 1)
       randG = np.random.randint(0, src.shape[1] - 1)
       randB = np.random.randint(0, 3)
       if np.random.randint(0, 1) == 0:
           SP_NoiseImg[randR, randG, randB] = 0
       else:
           SP_NoiseImg[randR, randG, randB] = 255
   return SP_NoiseImg


# 高斯噪声
def addGaussianNoise(image, percetage):
   G_Noiseimg = image.copy()
   w = image.shape[1]
   h = image.shape[0]
   G_NoiseNum = int(percetage * image.shape[0] * image.shape[1])
   for i in range(G_NoiseNum):
       temp_x = np.random.randint(0, h)
       temp_y = np.random.randint(0, w)
       G_Noiseimg[temp_x][temp_y][np.random.randint(3)] = np.random.randn(1)[0]
   return G_Noiseimg


# 昏暗
def darker(image, percetage=0.9):
   image_copy = image.copy()
   w = image.shape[1]
   h = image.shape[0]
   # get darker
   for xi in range(0, w):
       for xj in range(0, h):
           image_copy[xj, xi, 0] = int(image[xj, xi, 0] * percetage)
           image_copy[xj, xi, 1] = int(image[xj, xi, 1] * percetage)
           image_copy[xj, xi, 2] = int(image[xj, xi, 2] * percetage)
   return image_copy


# 亮度
def brighter(image, percetage=1.5):
   image_copy = image.copy()
   w = image.shape[1]
   h = image.shape[0]
   # get brighter
   for xi in range(0, w):
       for xj in range(0, h):
           image_copy[xj, xi, 0] = np.clip(int(image[xj, xi, 0] * percetage), a_max=255, a_min=0)
           image_copy[xj, xi, 1] = np.clip(int(image[xj, xi, 1] * percetage), a_max=255, a_min=0)
           image_copy[xj, xi, 2] = np.clip(int(image[xj, xi, 2] * percetage), a_max=255, a_min=0)
   return image_copy


# 旋转
def rotate(image, angle, center=None, scale=1.0):
   (h, w) = image.shape[:2]
   # If no rotation center is specified, the center of the image is set as the rotation center
   if center is None:
       center = (w / 2, h / 2)
   m = cv2.getRotationMatrix2D(center, angle, scale)
   rotated = cv2.warpAffine(image, m, (w, h))
   return rotated


# 翻转
def flip(image):
   flipped_image = np.fliplr(image)
   return flipped_image


# 图片文件夹路径
file_dir = r'C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/eaidk_obj_detect/training_data/lion_napkin/JPEGImages/'
for img_name in os.listdir(file_dir):
   img_path = file_dir + img_name
   img = cv2.imread(img_path)
   # cv2.imshow("1",img)
   # cv2.waitKey(5000)
   # 旋转
   rotated_90 = rotate(img, 90)
   cv2.imwrite(file_dir + img_name[0:-4] + '_r90.jpg', rotated_90)
   rotated_180 = rotate(img, 180)
   cv2.imwrite(file_dir + img_name[0:-4] + '_r180.jpg', rotated_180)

for img_name in os.listdir(file_dir):
   img_path = file_dir + img_name
   img = cv2.imread(img_path)
   # 镜像
   flipped_img = flip(img)
   cv2.imwrite(file_dir + img_name[0:-4] + '_fli.jpg', flipped_img)

   # 增加噪声
   # img_salt = SaltAndPepper(img, 0.3)
   # cv2.imwrite(file_dir + img_name[0:7] + '_salt.jpg', img_salt)
   img_gauss = addGaussianNoise(img, 0.3)
   cv2.imwrite(file_dir + img_name[0:-4] + '_noise.jpg', img_gauss)

   # 变亮、变暗
   img_darker = darker(img)
   cv2.imwrite(file_dir + img_name[0:-4] + '_darker.jpg', img_darker)
   img_brighter = brighter(img)
   cv2.imwrite(file_dir + img_name[0:-4] + '_brighter.jpg', img_brighter)

   blur = cv2.GaussianBlur(img, (7, 7), 1.5)
   #      cv2.GaussianBlur(图像，卷积核，标准差）
   cv2.imwrite(file_dir + img_name[0:-4] + '_blur.jpg', blur)