服务以操作部门表 Dept 为例,分如下模块:
- 整体父工程 microservicecloud
- 公共子模块 microservicecloud-api
- 部门微服务提供者 microservicecloud-provider-dept 8001
- 部门微服务消费者 microservicecloud-consumer-dept 80
1、整体父工程 microservicecloud
新建父工程microservicecloud,切记是 Packaging 是选择 pom 模式。父工程主要是定义 POM 文件和各依赖的版本号,将后续各个子模块公用的 jar 包等统一提出来,类似一个抽象父类
在 pom 工程导入如下约定属性管理:
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
<lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
</properties>
在 pom 工程导入如下依赖管理:
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Dalston.SR1</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.0.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.0.31</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
<version>1.2.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
2、公共子模块 microservicecloud - api
右键点击父工程项目,New -> Module 创建一个模块。
在新建模块中的 pom 文件内部,粘贴如下信息:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<artifactId>microServiceCloud</artifactId>
<groupId>per.cjh</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<groupId>per.cjh</groupId>
<artifactId>microservicecloud-api</artifactId>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<!-- 当前 Module 需要用到的 jar 包,按自己需求添加,如果父类已经包含了,可以不用写版本 -->
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
2.1、在该公共子模块新建部门 Entity 实体类
package per.cjh.springcloud.entities;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.experimental.Accessors;
import java.io.Serializable;
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor // lombok 全参构造函数
@NoArgsConstructor // lombok 空参构造函数
@Accessors(chain = true) // 产生的setter返回的this而不是void,用于实现链式编程
public class Dept implements Serializable{
private Long deptno; // 主键
private String dname; // 部门名称
private String db_source; // 来自哪个数据库,因为微服务架构可以一个服务对应一个数据库,同一个信息被存储到不同数据库
}
2.2、执行 mvn clean & mvn install
执行 mvn clean & mvn install 后在本地仓库生成 jar 包,供其它模块引用,达到通用目的。也即需要用到部门实体的话,不用每个工程都定义一份,直接引用本模块即可。
3、微服务提供者 microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001
实现目录:
右键父工程,新建子模块
在子模块的 pom 文件中,粘贴下面信息:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>microServiceCloud</artifactId>
<groupId>per.cjh</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>per.cjh</groupId>
<artifactId>microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>per.cjh</groupId>
<artifactId>microservicecloud-api</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
3.1、创建 application.yml 配置文件
在 resources 根路径下面创建 application.yml 配置文件,并粘贴如下配置:
server:
port: 8001
# 整合 Mybatis
mybatis:
config-location: classpath:mybatis/mybatis.cfg.xml # mybatis配置文件所在路径
type-aliases-package: per.cjh.springcloud.entities # 所有Entity别名类所在包
mapper-locations:
- classpath:mybatis/mapper/**/*.xml # mapper映射文件
# 整合 Spring
spring:
application:
name: microservicecloud-dept
datasource:
type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource # 当前数据源操作类型
driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver # mysql驱动包
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/cloudDB01 # 数据库名称
username: root
password: root
dbcp2:
min-idle: 5 # 数据库连接池的最小维持连接数
initial-size: 5 # 初始化连接数
max-total: 5 # 最大连接数
max-wait-millis: 200 # 等待连接获取的最大超时时间
3.2、新建mybatis.cfg.xml文件
工程 src/main/resources 目录下新建 mybatis 文件夹后新建 mybatis.cfg.xml 文件,并粘贴如下配置:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<settings>
<!-- 开启二级缓存 -->
<setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/>
</settings>
</configuration>
3.3、运行数据库脚本
DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS cloudDB01;
CREATE DATABASE cloudDB01 CHARACTER SET UTF8;
USE cloudDB01;
CREATE TABLE dept
(
deptno BIGINT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
dname VARCHAR(60),
db_source VARCHAR(60)
);
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('开发部',DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('人事部',DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('财务部',DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('市场部',DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('运维部',DATABASE());
SELECT * FROM dept;
3.4、创建 DeptDao 部门接口
@Mapper
public interface DeptDao {
public boolean addDept(Dept dept);
public Dept findById(Long id);
public List findAll();
}
3.5、新建 mapper 文件夹后再建 DeptMapper.xml
工程 src/main/resources/mybatis 目录下新建 mapper 文件夹后再建 DeptMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="per.cjh.springcloud.dao.DeptDao">
<select id="findById" resultType="Dept" parameterType="Long">
select deptno,dname,db_source from dept where deptno=#{deptno};
</select>
<select id="findAll" resultType="Dept">
select deptno,dname,db_source from dept;
</select>
<insert id="addDept" parameterType="Dept">
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES(#{dname},DATABASE());
</insert>
</mapper>
3.6、新建 Service 接口和实现类
接口:
public interface DeptService {
public boolean addDept(Dept dept);
public Dept findById(Long id);
public List findAll();
}
实现类:
@Service
public class DeptServiceImpl implements DeptService {
@Autowired
DeptDao deptDao;
@Override
public boolean addDept(Dept dept) {
return deptDao.addDept(dept);
}
@Override
public Dept findById(Long id) {
return deptDao.findById(id);
}
@Override
public List findAll() {
return deptDao.findAll();
}
}
3.7、编写 DeptController 部门微服务提供者 REST
@RestController
public class DeptController {
@Autowired
private DeptService service;
@RequestMapping(value = "/dept/add", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public boolean add(@RequestBody Dept dept) {
return service.addDept(dept);
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/dept/get/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
return service.findById(id);
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/dept/list", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public List<Dept> add() {
return service.findAll();
}
}
3.8、编写主启动类
@SpringBootApplication
public class DeptProvider8001_App {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(DeptProvider8001_App.class,args);
}
}
4、部门服务消费者 microservicecloud-consumer-dept-80
右键父工程,新建子模块
在子模块的 pom 文件中,粘贴下面信息:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>microServiceCloud</artifactId>
<groupId>per.cjh</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>per.cjh</groupId>
<artifactId>microservicecloud-consumer-dept-80</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>per.cjh</groupId>
<artifactId>microservicecloud-api</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
4.1、创建 application.yml 配置文件
server:
port: 80
4.2、往 IoC 容器注入 RestTemplate 类
在 per.cjh.springcloud.cfgbeans 包下编写如下 ConfigBean
@Configuration
public class ConfigBean {
@Bean
public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
return new RestTemplate();
}
}
RestTemplate 是什么?
RestTemplate 提供了多种便捷访问远程 Http 服务的方法,是一种简单便捷的访问 restful 服务模板类,是 Spring 提供的用于访问 Rest 服务的客户端模板工具集
4.3、编写消费者类
该类使用 RestTemplate 类,把对该类的请求转换到另外的 IP 地址服务器上(生产者类)。
// 当前类所在的微服务 IP 地址为80,需要将请求转到 8001 的服务器上
@RestController
public class DeptController_Consumer {
// 内部地址的访问前缀
private static final String REST_URL_PREFIX = "http://localhost:8001";
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
/**
* (url, requestMap, ResponseBean.class)这三个参数分别代表
* REST请求地址、请求参数、HTTP响应转换被转换成的对象类型。
* @param dept
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("/consumer/dept/add")
public boolean add(Dept dept) {
return restTemplate.postForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX + "/dept/add", dept, Boolean.class);
}
@RequestMapping("/consumer/dept/get/{id}")
public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX + "/dept/get/" + id, Dept.class);
}
@RequestMapping("/consumer/list")
public List<Dept> list() {
return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX + "/dept/list", List.class);
}
}
4.4、编写启动类,浏览器测试
@SpringBootApplication
public class DeptConcumer80_App {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(DeptConcumer80_App.class, args);
}
}
测试 Rest :
- http://localhost/consumer/dept/get/2
- http://localhost/consumer/dept/list
- http://localhost/consumer/dept/add?dname=AI