Spring ioc源码分析

Spring源码分析

核心容器类图

BeanFactory

​ 是典型的工厂模式,为ioc容器开发者管理对象之间的依赖关系提供了很多遍历和基础服务。

image-20190530105057737

用的比较多的beanfactory

FileSystemXmlApplicationContext

ListableBeanFactory

接口表示这些 Bean 是可列表化的

HierarchicalBeanFactory

这些 Bean 是有继承关系的,也就是每个 Bean 有可能有父 Bean

AutowireCapableBeanFactory

定义 Bean 的自动装配规则

image-20190530105114758

工厂生产对象

​ Spring有很多IOC容器实现。ApplicationContext是Spring提供的一个高级的IOC容器。

  • GenericApplicationContext
  • ClasspathApplicationContext

通过其接口实现可看出其特点:

  • 支持信息源,可以实现国际化。(实现 MessageSource 接口)
  • 访问资源。(实现 ResourcePatternResolver 接口)
  • 支持应用事件。(实现 ApplicationEventPublisher 接口)

BeanDefinition

​ SpringIOC容器管理了我们定义的各种Bean对象及其相互的关系,Bean对象在Spring中是通过BeanDefinition来描述的

image-20190530105136091

BeanDefinitionReader

用来读取配置文件信息

image-20190530105257856

初始化

定位: 定位配置文件和扫描相关的注解

加载: 把配置信息载入到内存中

注册: 根据载入的信息,把对象初始化到IOC容器中

基于Xml的IOC容器初始化

​ IOC容器的初始化包括BeanDefinition的Resource定位,加载和注册这三个基本过程。我们从ApplicationContext为例切入,ApplicationContext系列容器或许使我们最熟悉的,因为Web项目中使用的XmlWebApplicationContext就属于此基础体系,还有ClasspathXmlApplicationContext等,继承体系如下所示:

image-20190520175809345

​ ApplicationContext允许上下文嵌套,通过保持其父上下文可以维持一个上下文体系,对于Bean查找可以在此上下文体系中发生,首先检查上下文,期次是父上下文,逐级向上,这样为不同的Spring应用提供了一个共享额Bean定义环境。

1、寻找入口

​ 有一个我们用的比较多的ClaassPathXmlApplicationContext通过main()方法启动:

ApplicationContext app =new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("application.xml");

​ 先看其构造函数的调用:​

public ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(String configLocation) throws BeansException {
   this(new String[] {configLocation}, true, null);
}

其实际调用的构造函数为

public ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
      String[] configLocations, boolean refresh, @Nullable ApplicationContext parent)
      throws BeansException {

   super(parent);
   setConfigLocations(configLocations);
   if (refresh) {
      refresh();
   }
}

还有像AnnotationConfigApplicationContextFileSystemXmlApplicationContextXmlWebApplicationContext等都继承自父容器AbstractApplicationContext主要用到了装饰器模式和策略模式,最终都是调用refresh()方法

2、获得配置路径

​ 通过分析ClassPathXmlApplicationContext的源代码可以知道,在创建ClassPathXmlApplicationContext容器时,构造方法做一下两个操作:

​ 首先调用父类容器的构造方法为容器设置好Bean资源加载器。

​ 然后,调用父类AbstractRefreshableConfigApplicationContextsetConfigLocations(configLocations) 方法设置Bean配置信息的定位路径。

​ 通过追踪ClassPathXmlApplicationContext的继承体系,发现其父类的父AbstractApplicationContext中初始化IOC容器所做的主要源码如下:

public abstract class AbstractApplicationContext extends DefaultResourceLoader implements ConfigurableApplicationContext {
  //静态初始化块,在整个容器创建过程中只执行一次 
  static {
    //为了避免应用程序在 Weblogic8.1 关闭时出现类加载异常加载问题,加载 IOC 容器关闭事件(ContextClosedEvent)类 
    ContextClosedEvent.class.getName();
  }
  public AbstractApplicationContext() {
    this.resourcePatternResolver = getResourcePatternResolver();
  }
  public AbstractApplicationContext(@Nullable ApplicationContext parent) { 
    this();
    setParent(parent);
  }
  //获取一个 Spring Source 的加载器用于读入 Spring Bean 配置信息 
  protected ResourcePatternResolver getResourcePatternResolver() {
    //AbstractApplicationContext 继承 DefaultResourceLoader,因此也是一个资源加载器
    //Spring 资源加载器,其 getResource(String location)方法用于载入资源
    return new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver(this);
  }
}

AbstractApplicationContext的默认构造方法中有调用PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver的构造方法创建Spring容器资源加载器:

public PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver(ResourceLoader resourceLoader) { 
  Assert.notNull(resourceLoader, "ResourceLoader must not be null"); //设置 Spring 的资源加载器
  this.resourceLoader = resourceLoader;
}

​ 在设置容器的资源加载器之后,接下来ClassPathXmlApplicationContext执行setConfigLocation的方法通过调用其父类AbstractRefreshableConfigApplicationContext的方法进行对Bean配置信息的定位,该方法的源码如下

/**
* Set the config locations for this application context in init-param style, * i.e. with distinct locations separated by commas, semicolons or whitespace. * <p>If not set, the implementation may use a default as appropriate.
*/

//处理单个资源文件路径为一个字符串的情况
public void setConfigLocation(String location) {

  //String CONFIG_LOCATION_DELIMITERS = ",; /t/n";
  //即多个资源文件路径之间用” ,; \t\n”分隔,解析成数组形式 
  setConfigLocations(StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(location, CONFIG_LOCATION_DELIMITERS));
}
/**
* Set the config locations for this application context.
* <p>If not set, the implementation may use a default as appropriate. */
//解析 Bean 定义资源文件的路径,处理多个资源文件字符串数组
public void setConfigLocations(@Nullable String... locations) {
  if (locations != null) {
    Assert.noNullElements(locations, "Config locations must not be null"); this.configLocations = new String[locations.length];
    for (int i = 0; i < locations.length; i++) {
      // resolvePath 为同一个类中将字符串解析为路径的方法
      this.configLocations[i] = resolvePath(locations[i]).trim();
    }
  } else {
    this.configLocations = null; }
}

​ 通过这两个方法的源码我们可以看出,我们既可以使用一个字符串来配置多个Spring Bean配置信息,也可以使用字符串数组,,即下面两种方式都是可以的:

ClassPathResouce res=new ClassPathResource("a.xml,b.xml")

多个资源文件路径之间可以用",;\t\n"等分隔

ClassPathResource res =new ClassPathResource(new String[]{"a.xml","b.xml"});

至此,SpringIOC容器在初始化时将配置的Bean配置信息定位为Spring封装的Resource.

3、开始启动

​ SpringIOC容器对Bean配置资源的载入是从refresh()函数开始的,refresh()是一个模板方法,规定了IOC容器的启动流程,有些逻辑要交给其子类去实现。它对Bean配置资源进行载入ClassPathXmlApplicationContext通过调用其父类AbstractApplicationContextrefresh()函数启动整个IOC容器对Bean定义的载入过程,现在我们来详细看看refresh()中的逻辑处理:

public abstract class AbstractApplicationContext extends DefaultResourceLoader
		implements ConfigurableApplicationContext {
@Override
public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException { 
  synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {

    // Prepare this context for refreshing. 
    //1、调用容器准备刷新的方法,获取容器的当时时间,同时给容器设置同步标识 
    prepareRefresh();

    // Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory. 
    //2、告诉子类启动 refreshBeanFactory()方法,Bean 定义资源文件的载入从子类的 refreshBeanFactory()方法启动
    ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();

    // Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
    //3、为 BeanFactory 配置容器特性,例如类加载器、事件处理器等 
    prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);
    try {

      // Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
      //4、为容器的某些子类指定特殊的 BeanPost 事件处理器 
      postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);

      // Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context. 
      //5、调用所有注册的 BeanFactoryPostProcessor 的 Bean 
      invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);

      // Register bean processors that intercept bean creation. 
      //6、为 BeanFactory 注册 BeanPost 事件处理器. 
      //BeanPostProcessor 是 Bean 后置处理器,用于监听容器触发的事件 
      registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);

      // Initialize message source for this context. 
      //7、初始化信息源,和国际化相关. 
      initMessageSource();

      // Initialize event multicaster for this context. 
      //8、初始化容器事件传播器. 
      initApplicationEventMulticaster();

      // Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
      //9、调用子类的某些特殊 Bean 初始化方法
      onRefresh();

      // Check for listener beans and register them.
      //10、为事件传播器注册事件监听器.
      registerListeners();

      // Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons. 
      //11、初始化所有剩余的单例 Bean 
      finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);

      // Last step: publish corresponding event. 
      //12、初始化容器的生命周期事件处理器,并发布容器的生命周期事件 
      finishRefresh();
    }
    catch (BeansException ex) {
      if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
        logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " + "cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
      }
      // Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources. 
      //13、销毁已创建的 Bean
      destroyBeans();

      // Reset 'active' flag.
      //14、取消 refresh 操作,重置容器的同步标识. 
      cancelRefresh(ex);

      // Propagate exception to caller.
      throw ex; 
    }
    finally {
      // Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we // might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore... 
      //15、重设公共缓存
      resetCommonCaches();
    }
  }
}
	/**
	 * Prepare this context for refreshing, setting its startup date and
	 * active flag as well as performing any initialization of property sources.
	 */
	protected void prepareRefresh() {
		this.startupDate = System.currentTimeMillis();
		this.closed.set(false);
		this.active.set(true);

		if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
			logger.info("Refreshing " + this);
		}

		// Initialize any placeholder property sources in the context environment
		initPropertySources();

		// Validate that all properties marked as required are resolvable
		// see ConfigurablePropertyResolver#setRequiredProperties
		getEnvironment().validateRequiredProperties();

		// Allow for the collection of early ApplicationEvents,
		// to be published once the multicaster is available...
		this.earlyApplicationEvents = new LinkedHashSet<>();
	}
}

​ refresh()方法主要为IOC容器Bean的生命周期管理提供条件,Spring IOC容器载入Bean配置信息,从其子类容器的refreshBeanFactory()方法启动,所以整个refresh()

    ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();

这句话之后,代码的都是注册容器的信息源和生命周期时间,我们前面说的载入就是从这句代码开始启动。

refresh()方法的主要作用是:在注册IOC容器前,如果已经有容器存在,则需要把已有的容器销毁和关闭,以保障在refresh之后使用的是新建立起来的IOC容器。它类似于对IOC容器的重启,在新建立好的容器中对容器进行初始化,对Bean配置资源进行载入。

4、创建容器

ObtainFreshBeanFactory()方法调用子类容器refreshBeanFactory()方法,启动容器载入Bean配置信息的过程,代码如下:

public abstract class AbstractApplicationContext extends DefaultResourceLoader
            implements ConfigurableApplicationContext {

	protected ConfigurableListableBeanFactory obtainFreshBeanFactory() {
      //这里使用了委派设计模式,父类定义了抽象的 refreshBeanFactory()方法,具体实现调用子类容器的 refreshBeanFactory()方法
      refreshBeanFactory();

      ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = getBeanFactory();
      if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
      	logger.debug("Bean factory for " + getDisplayName() + ": " + beanFactory);
      }
      return beanFactory;
   }
}

AbstractApplicationContext中只抽象定义了refreshBeanFactory()方法,容器真正调用的是其子类AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext实现的refreshBeanFactory()方法,方法的源代码如下

public abstract class AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext extends AbstractApplicationContext {
  /**
	 * This implementation performs an actual refresh of this context's underlying
	 * bean factory, shutting down the previous bean factory (if any) and
	 * initializing a fresh bean factory for the next phase of the context's lifecycle.
	 */
  @Override
  protected final void refreshBeanFactory() throws BeansException {
    //如果已经有容器,销毁容器中的bean,关闭容器
    if (hasBeanFactory()) {
      destroyBeans();
      closeBeanFactory();
    }
    try {
      //创建IOC容器
      DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = createBeanFactory();
      beanFactory.setSerializationId(getId());
      //对IOC容器进行定制化,如设置启动参数,开启注解的自动装配等
      customizeBeanFactory(beanFactory);
      //调用载入Bean定义的方法,主要这里又使用了一个委派模式,在当前类中只定义了抽象的loadBeanDefinitions方法,具体的实现调用子类容器
      loadBeanDefinitions(beanFactory);
      synchronized (this.beanFactoryMonitor) {
        this.beanFactory = beanFactory;
      }
    }
    catch (IOException ex) {
      throw new ApplicationContextException("I/O error parsing bean definition source for " + getDisplayName(), ex);
    }
  }
  protected DefaultListableBeanFactory createBeanFactory() {
    return new DefaultListableBeanFactory(getInternalParentBeanFactory());
  }
  /**
	 * Customize the internal bean factory used by this context.
	 * Called for each {@link #refresh()} attempt.
	 * <p>The default implementation applies this context's
	 * {@linkplain #setAllowBeanDefinitionOverriding "allowBeanDefinitionOverriding"}
	 * and {@linkplain #setAllowCircularReferences "allowCircularReferences"} settings,
	 * if specified. Can be overridden in subclasses to customize any of
	 * {@link DefaultListableBeanFactory}'s settings.
	 * @param beanFactory the newly created bean factory for this context
	 * @see DefaultListableBeanFactory#setAllowBeanDefinitionOverriding
	 * @see DefaultListableBeanFactory#setAllowCircularReferences
	 * @see DefaultListableBeanFactory#setAllowRawInjectionDespiteWrapping
	 * @see DefaultListableBeanFactory#setAllowEagerClassLoading
	 */
  protected void customizeBeanFactory(DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
    if (this.allowBeanDefinitionOverriding != null) {
      beanFactory.setAllowBeanDefinitionOverriding(this.allowBeanDefinitionOverriding);
    }
    if (this.allowCircularReferences != null) {
      //设置是否允许循环引用
      beanFactory.setAllowCircularReferences(this.allowCircularReferences);
    }
  }
}

​ 在这个方法中,先判断BeanFactory是否存在,如果存在,则先销毁beans并关闭beanFactory,急着创建DefaultListableBeanFactory,并调用loadBeanDefinitions(beanFactory)装载bean定义

5、载入配置路径

AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext中只定义了抽象的loadBeanDefinitions方法,容器真正调用的是其子类AbstractXmlApplicationContext对该方法的实现,AbstractXmlApplicationContext的主要源码如下:

public abstract class AbstractXmlApplicationContext extends AbstractRefreshableConfigApplicationContext {
  //实现父类抽象的载入Bean定义方法
  @Override
  protected void loadBeanDefinitions(DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException, IOException {
    // Create a new XmlBeanDefinitionReader for the given BeanFactory.
    //创建XmlBeanDefinitionReader,即创建Bean读取器,并通过回调设置到容器中去,容器使用该读取器读取Bean定义资源
    XmlBeanDefinitionReader beanDefinitionReader = new XmlBeanDefinitionReader(beanFactory);

    // Configure the bean definition reader with this context's
    // resource loading environment.
    //为Bean读取器设置Spring资源加载器,AbstractXmlApplicationContext的
    //祖先父类AbstractApplicationContext继承DefaultResourceLoader,因此,容器本身也是一个资源加载器
    beanDefinitionReader.setEnvironment(this.getEnvironment());
    beanDefinitionReader.setResourceLoader(this);
    //为Bean读取器设置SAX xml解析器
    beanDefinitionReader.setEntityResolver(new ResourceEntityResolver(this));

    // Allow a subclass to provide custom initialization of the reader,
    // then proceed with actually loading the bean definitions.
    //当Bean读取器读取Bean定义的Xml资源文件时,启用Xml的校验机制
    initBeanDefinitionReader(beanDefinitionReader);
    //Bean读取器真正实现加载的方法
    loadBeanDefinitions(beanDefinitionReader);
  }

  protected void initBeanDefinitionReader(XmlBeanDefinitionReader reader) {
    reader.setValidating(this.validating);
  }

  //Xml Bean读取器加载Bean定义资源
  protected void loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader reader) throws BeansException, IOException {
    //获取Bean定义资源的定位
    Resource[] configResources = getConfigResources();
    if (configResources != null) {
      //Xml Bean读取器调用其父类AbstractBeanDefinitionReader读取定位
      //的Bean定义资源
      reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configResources);
    }
    //如果子类中获取的Bean定义资源定位为空,则获取FileSystemXmlApplicationContext构造方法中setConfigLocations方法设置的资源
    String[] configLocations = getConfigLocations();
    if (configLocations != null) {
      //Xml Bean读取器调用其父类AbstractBeanDefinitionReader读取定位
      //的Bean定义资源
      reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configLocations);
    }
  }
  //这里又使用了一个委托模式,调用子类的获取Bean定义资源定位的方法
	//该方法在ClassPathXmlApplicationContext中进行实现,对于我们
	//举例分析源码的FileSystemXmlApplicationContext没有使用该方法
	@Nullable
	protected Resource[] getConfigResources() {
		return null;
	}
}

​ 以XmlBean读取器中的一种策略XmlBeanDefinitionReader为例,XmlBeanDefinitionReader调用其父类AbstractBeanDefinitionReaderread.loadBeanDefinition()方法读取Bean配置资源。由于我们使用ClassPathXmlApplicationContext作为例子分析,因为getResources的返回为空,所以程序执行reader.loadBeanDefinition(configLocations)分支。

6、分配路径处理策略

​ 在XmlBeanDefinitionReader的抽象父类AbstractBeanDefinitionReader中定义了载入过程。

AbstractBeanDefinitionReaderloadBeanDefinitions()方法源码如下:

public abstract class AbstractBeanDefinitionReader implements EnvironmentCapable, BeanDefinitionReader {
  
  //重载方法,调用loadBeanDefinitions(String);
  @Override
  public int loadBeanDefinitions(String... locations) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
    Assert.notNull(locations, "Location array must not be null");
    int counter = 0;
    for (String location : locations) {
      counter += loadBeanDefinitions(location);
    }
    return counter;
  }
  
  //重载方法,调用下面的loadBeanDefinitions(String, Set<Resource>);方法
  @Override
  public int loadBeanDefinitions(String location) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
    return loadBeanDefinitions(location, null);
  }
  
  public int loadBeanDefinitions(String location, @Nullable Set<Resource> actualResources) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
    //获取在IoC容器初始化过程中设置的资源加载器
    ResourceLoader resourceLoader = getResourceLoader();
    if (resourceLoader == null) {
      throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
        "Cannot import bean definitions from location [" + location + "]: no ResourceLoader available");
    }
    if (resourceLoader instanceof ResourcePatternResolver) {
      // Resource pattern matching available.
      try {
        //将指定位置的Bean定义资源文件解析为Spring IOC容器封装的资源
        //加载多个指定位置的Bean定义资源文件
        Resource[] resources = ((ResourcePatternResolver) resourceLoader).getResources(location);
        //委派调用其子类XmlBeanDefinitionReader的方法,实现加载功能
        int loadCount = loadBeanDefinitions(resources);
        if (actualResources != null) {
          for (Resource resource : resources) {
            actualResources.add(resource);
          }
        }
        if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
          logger.debug("Loaded " + loadCount + " bean definitions from location pattern [" + location + "]");
        }
        return loadCount;
      }
      catch (IOException ex) {
        throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
          "Could not resolve bean definition resource pattern [" + location + "]", ex);
      }
    }
    else {
      // Can only load single resources by absolute URL.
      //将指定位置的Bean定义资源文件解析为Spr ing IOC容器封装的资源
      //加载单个指定位置的Bean定义资源文件
      Resource resource = resourceLoader.getResource(location);
      //委派调用其子类XmlBeanDefinitionReader的方法,实现加载功能
      int loadCount = loadBeanDefinitions(resource);
      if (actualResources != null) {
        actualResources.add(resource);
      }
      if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
        logger.debug("Loaded " + loadCount + " bean definitions from location [" + location + "]");
      }
      return loadCount;
    }
  }
}

AbstractRefreshableConfigApplicationContextloadBeanDefinitions(Resource ... resources)方法实际调用的是AbstractBeanDefinitionReaderloadBeanDefinitions()方法.

​ 从对AbstractBeanDefinitionReaderloadBeanDefinitions()方法源码分析可以看出该方法就做了两件事:

​ 1.调用资源加载器获取资源方法resourceLoader.getResouce(location),获取到要加载的资源。

2.真正加载功能的是其子类XmlBeanDefinitionReaderloadBeanDefinitions()方法,在loadBeanDefinition()方法中调用了AbstractApplicationContextgetResouces()方法,跟进去之后发现getResouces()方法其实是定义在ResourcePatternResolver中,此时,我们来查看ResoucePatternResolver的全类图:

image-20190521212804412

​ 从上面可以看到ResouceLoaderApplicationContext的继承关系,可以看出其实际调用的是DefaultResouceLoader中的getSource()方法定位ResouceClassPathXmlApplicationContext本身就是DefaultResouceLoader的实现类

,所以此时回到了ClassPathXmlApplicationContext中来。

​ 因为在初始化ResourceLoader的时候设置了resourceLoader是自身,所以resourceLoader就是ClassPathXmlApplicationContext

    beanDefinitionReader.setResourceLoader(this);

7、解析配置文件路径

XmlBeanDefinitionReader通过调用ClassPathXmlApplicationContextDefaultResouceLoadergetResource()方法获取要加载的资源,其源码如下

public class DefaultResourceLoader implements ResourceLoader {

  @Override
  public Resource getResource(String location) {
    Assert.notNull(location, "Location must not be null");

    for (ProtocolResolver protocolResolver : this.protocolResolvers) {
      Resource resource = protocolResolver.resolve(location, this);
      if (resource != null) {
        return resource;
      }
    }
    //如果是类路径的方式,那需要使用 ClassPathResource 来得到 bean 文件的资源对象
    if (location.startsWith("/")) {
      return getResourceByPath(location);
    }
    else if (location.startsWith(CLASSPATH_URL_PREFIX)) {
      return new ClassPathResource(location.substring(CLASSPATH_URL_PREFIX.length()), getClassLoader());
    }
    else {
      try {
        // 如果是 URL 方式,使用 UrlResource 作为 bean 文件的资源对象
        // Try to parse the location as a URL...
        URL url = new URL(location);
        return new UrlResource(url);
      }
      catch (MalformedURLException ex) {
        //如果既不是 classpath 标识,又不是 URL 标识的 Resource 定位,则调用 //容器本身的 getResourceByPath 方法获取 Resource
        // No URL -> resolve as resource path.
        return getResourceByPath(location);
      }
    }
  }
}

DefaultResourceLoader提供了getResourceByPath()方法实现,就是为了处理既不是ClassPath标识,又不是URL标识的Resource定位的情况

protected Resource getResourceByPath(String path) {
  return new ClassPathContextResource(path, getClassLoader());
}

​ 在ClassPathResource中完成了对整个路径的解析。这样,就可以从类路径上对IOC配置文件进行加载,当然我们可以按照此逻辑从任何地方加载,在Spring中我们看到他提供的各种资源抽象ClassPathResourceURLRsourceFileSystemResource等来供我们使用。

​ 上述我们看到的是定位Resource的一个过程,而这只是加载过程的一部分。FileSystemXmlApplication容器就重写了getResourceByPath()方法:

@Override
protected Resource getResourceByPath(String path) { 
  if (path.startsWith("/")) {
    path = path.substring(1); }
  //这里使用文件系统资源对象来定义 bean 文件
  return new FileSystemResource(path);
}

通过子类的覆盖,巧妙的完成了将类路径转化为文件路径的转化。

8、开始读取配置内容

继续回到XmlBeanDefinitionReaderloadBeanDefinitions(Resource ..)方法看到代表bean文件的资源定义以后的载入过程

public class XmlBeanDefinitionReader extends AbstractBeanDefinitionReader {

  //XmlBeanDefinitionReader加载资源的入口方法
  @Override
  public int loadBeanDefinitions(Resource resource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
    //将读入的XML资源进行特殊编码处理
    return loadBeanDefinitions(new EncodedResource(resource));
  }

  //这里是载入XML形式Bean定义资源文件方法
  public int loadBeanDefinitions(EncodedResource encodedResource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
    Assert.notNull(encodedResource, "EncodedResource must not be null");
    if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
      logger.info("Loading XML bean definitions from " + encodedResource.getResource());
    }

    Set<EncodedResource> currentResources = this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.get();
    if (currentResources == null) {
      currentResources = new HashSet<>(4);
      this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.set(currentResources);
    }
    if (!currentResources.add(encodedResource)) {
      throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
        "Detected cyclic loading of " + encodedResource + " - check your import definitions!");
    }
    try {
      //将资源文件转为InputStream的IO流
      InputStream inputStream = encodedResource.getResource().getInputStream();
      try {
        //从InputStream中得到XML的解析源
        InputSource inputSource = new InputSource(inputStream);
        if (encodedResource.getEncoding() != null) {
          inputSource.setEncoding(encodedResource.getEncoding());
        }
        //这里是具体的读取过程
        return doLoadBeanDefinitions(inputSource, encodedResource.getResource());
      }
      finally {
        //关闭从Resource中得到的IO流
        inputStream.close();
      }
    }
    catch (IOException ex) {
      throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
        "IOException parsing XML document from " + encodedResource.getResource(), ex);
    }
    finally {
      currentResources.remove(encodedResource);
      if (currentResources.isEmpty()) {
        this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.remove();
      }
    }
  }
  
  	//从特定XML文件中实际载入Bean定义资源的方法
	protected int doLoadBeanDefinitions(InputSource inputSource, Resource resource)
			throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
		try {
			//将XML文件转换为DOM对象,解析过程由documentLoader实现
			Document doc = doLoadDocument(inputSource, resource);
			//这里是启动对Bean定义解析的详细过程,该解析过程会用到Spring的Bean配置规则
			return registerBeanDefinitions(doc, resource);
		}
		catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) {
			throw ex;
		}
		catch (SAXParseException ex) {
			throw new XmlBeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
					"Line " + ex.getLineNumber() + " in XML document from " + resource + " is invalid", ex);
		}
		catch (SAXException ex) {
			throw new XmlBeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
					"XML document from " + resource + " is invalid", ex);
		}
		catch (ParserConfigurationException ex) {
			throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
					"Parser configuration exception parsing XML from " + resource, ex);
		}
		catch (IOException ex) {
			throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
					"IOException parsing XML document from " + resource, ex);
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
					"Unexpected exception parsing XML document from " + resource, ex);
		}
	}
}

9、准备文档对象

DocumentLoader把Bean资源转化为Document对象的源码如下:

public class DefaultDocumentLoader implements DocumentLoader {

  //使用标准的JAXP将载入的Bean定义资源转换成document对象
  @Override
  public Document loadDocument(InputSource inputSource, EntityResolver entityResolver,
                               ErrorHandler errorHandler, int validationMode, boolean namespaceAware) throws Exception {

    //创建文件解析器工厂
    DocumentBuilderFactory factory = createDocumentBuilderFactory(validationMode, namespaceAware);
    if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
      logger.debug("Using JAXP provider [" + factory.getClass().getName() + "]");
    }
    //创建文档解析器
    DocumentBuilder builder = createDocumentBuilder(factory, entityResolver, errorHandler);
    //解析Spring的Bean定义资源
    return builder.parse(inputSource);
  }
  
  protected DocumentBuilderFactory createDocumentBuilderFactory(int validationMode, boolean namespaceAware)
    throws ParserConfigurationException {

    //创建文档解析工厂
    DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
    factory.setNamespaceAware(namespaceAware);

    //设置解析XML的校验
    if (validationMode != XmlValidationModeDetector.VALIDATION_NONE) {
      factory.setValidating(true);
      if (validationMode == XmlValidationModeDetector.VALIDATION_XSD) {
        // Enforce namespace aware for XSD...
        factory.setNamespaceAware(true);
        try {
          factory.setAttribute(SCHEMA_LANGUAGE_ATTRIBUTE, XSD_SCHEMA_LANGUAGE);
        }
        catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) {
          ParserConfigurationException pcex = new ParserConfigurationException(
            "Unable to validate using XSD: Your JAXP provider [" + factory +
            "] does not support XML Schema. Are you running on Java 1.4 with Apache Crimson? " +
            "Upgrade to Apache Xerces (or Java 1.5) for full XSD support.");
          pcex.initCause(ex);
          throw pcex;
        }
      }
    }

    return factory;
  }
}

​ 上述解析过程调用JavaEE标准的JAXP标准进行处理,至此Spring IOC容器根据定位的Bean配置信息,将其加载读入并且转化为Document对象过程完成。接下来我们要继续分析Spring IOC容器如何将载入的Bean配置信息转化为Document对象之后,是如何将其解析为Spring IOC管理的Bean并将其注册到容器中的

10、分配解析策略

XmlBeanDefinitionReaderdoLoadBeanDefinitions方法是从特定XMl文件中实际载入Bean配置资源的方法,此方法在载入Bean配置资源之后将其转化为Document对象,之后再registerBeanDefinitions启动Spring IOC容器对Bean定义的解析过程

public class XmlBeanDefinitionReader extends AbstractBeanDefinitionReader {
  private Class<?> documentReaderClass = DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.class;
  //创建BeanDefinitionDocumentReader对象,解析Document对象
  protected BeanDefinitionDocumentReader createBeanDefinitionDocumentReader() {
    return BeanDefinitionDocumentReader.class.cast(BeanUtils.instantiateClass(this.documentReaderClass));
  }
  //按照Spring的Bean语义要求将Bean定义资源解析并转换为容器内部数据结构
  public int registerBeanDefinitions(Document doc, Resource resource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
    //得到BeanDefinitionDocumentReader来对xml格式的BeanDefinition解析
    BeanDefinitionDocumentReader documentReader = createBeanDefinitionDocumentReader();
    //获得容器中注册的Bean数量
    int countBefore = getRegistry().getBeanDefinitionCount();
    //解析过程入口,这里使用了委派模式,BeanDefinitionDocumentReader只是个接口,
    //具体的解析实现过程有实现类DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader完成
    documentReader.registerBeanDefinitions(doc, createReaderContext(resource));
    //统计解析的Bean数量
    return getRegistry().getBeanDefinitionCount() - countBefore;
  }
  /**
	 * Create the {@link XmlReaderContext} to pass over to the document reader.
	 */
  public XmlReaderContext createReaderContext(Resource resource) {
    return new XmlReaderContext(resource, this.problemReporter, this.eventListener,
                                this.sourceExtractor, this, getNamespaceHandlerResolver());
  }

  /**
	 * Lazily create a default NamespaceHandlerResolver, if not set before.
	 * @see #createDefaultNamespaceHandlerResolver()
	 */
  public NamespaceHandlerResolver getNamespaceHandlerResolver() {
    if (this.namespaceHandlerResolver == null) {
      this.namespaceHandlerResolver = createDefaultNamespaceHandlerResolver();
    }
    return this.namespaceHandlerResolver;
  }

  /**
	 * Create the default implementation of {@link NamespaceHandlerResolver} used if none is specified.
	 * Default implementation returns an instance of {@link DefaultNamespaceHandlerResolver}.
	 */
  protected NamespaceHandlerResolver createDefaultNamespaceHandlerResolver() {
    ClassLoader cl = (getResourceLoader() != null ? getResourceLoader().getClassLoader() : getBeanClassLoader());
    return new DefaultNamespaceHandlerResolver(cl);
  }
}

Bean配置资源的载入解析分为以下两个过程:

​ 首先通过,调用XML解析器将Bean配置信息转化得到Document对象,但是这些Document对象没有按照SpringBean规则进行解析。这一步是载入的过程。

​ 其次在完成通用的XMl解析之后,按照Spring Bean定义的规则对Document对象进行解析,其解析过程是在接口BeandefinitionDocumentReader的实现类DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader中实现。

11、将配置载入内存

XmlBeanDefinitionReader接口通过registerBeanDefinitions方法调用其实现类DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader对Document对象进行解析:

Spring IOC 容器对载入的 Bean 定义 Document 解析可以看出,我们使用 Spring 时,在 Spring 配置文件中可以使用<import>元素来导入 IOC 容器所需要的其他资源,Spring IOC 容器在解 析时会首先将指定导入的资源加载进容器中。使用<ailas>别名时,Spring IOC 容器首先将别名元素所 定义的别名注册到容器中。

对于既不是<import>元素,又不是<alias>元素的元素,即 Spring 配置文件中普通的<bean>元素的 解析由 BeanDefinitionParserDelegate 类的 parseBeanDefinitionElement方法来实现。

public class XmlBeanDefinitionReader extends AbstractBeanDefinitionReader {

  //按照Spring的Bean语义要求将Bean定义资源解析并转换为容器内部数据结构
  public int registerBeanDefinitions(Document doc, Resource resource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
    //得到BeanDefinitionDocumentReader来对xml格式的BeanDefinition解析
    BeanDefinitionDocumentReader documentReader = createBeanDefinitionDocumentReader();
    //获得容器中注册的Bean数量
    int countBefore = getRegistry().getBeanDefinitionCount();
    //解析过程入口,这里使用了委派模式,BeanDefinitionDocumentReader只是个接口,
    //具体的解析实现过程有实现类DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader完成
    documentReader.registerBeanDefinitions(doc, createReaderContext(resource));
    //统计解析的Bean数量
    return getRegistry().getBeanDefinitionCount() - countBefore;
  }
  	//根据Spring DTD对Bean的定义规则解析Bean定义Document对象
	@Override
	public void registerBeanDefinitions(Document doc, XmlReaderContext readerContext) {
		//获得XML描述符
		this.readerContext = readerContext;
		logger.debug("Loading bean definitions");
		//获得Document的根元素
		Element root = doc.getDocumentElement();
		doRegisterBeanDefinitions(root);
	}
  	/**
	 * Create the {@link XmlReaderContext} to pass over to the document reader.
	 */
	public XmlReaderContext createReaderContext(Resource resource) {
		return new XmlReaderContext(resource, this.problemReporter, this.eventListener,
				this.sourceExtractor, this, getNamespaceHandlerResolver());
	}

	/**
	 * Lazily create a default NamespaceHandlerResolver, if not set before.
	 * @see #createDefaultNamespaceHandlerResolver()
	 */
	public NamespaceHandlerResolver getNamespaceHandlerResolver() {
		if (this.namespaceHandlerResolver == null) {
			this.namespaceHandlerResolver = createDefaultNamespaceHandlerResolver();
		}
		return this.namespaceHandlerResolver;
	}

	/**
	 * Create the default implementation of {@link NamespaceHandlerResolver} used if none is specified.
	 * Default implementation returns an instance of {@link DefaultNamespaceHandlerResolver}.
	 */
	protected NamespaceHandlerResolver createDefaultNamespaceHandlerResolver() {
		ClassLoader cl = (getResourceLoader() != null ? getResourceLoader().getClassLoader() : getBeanClassLoader());
		return new DefaultNamespaceHandlerResolver(cl);
	}
}

public class DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader implements BeanDefinitionDocumentReader {
  /**
	 * Register each bean definition within the given root {@code <beans/>} element.
	 */
  protected void doRegisterBeanDefinitions(Element root) {
    //具体的解析过程由BeanDefinitionParserDelegate实现,
    //BeanDefinitionParserDelegate中定义了Spring Bean定义XML文件的各种元素
    BeanDefinitionParserDelegate parent = this.delegate;
    this.delegate = createDelegate(getReaderContext(), root, parent);

    if (this.delegate.isDefaultNamespace(root)) {
      String profileSpec = root.getAttribute(PROFILE_ATTRIBUTE);
      if (StringUtils.hasText(profileSpec)) {
        String[] specifiedProfiles = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(
          profileSpec, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.MULTI_VALUE_ATTRIBUTE_DELIMITERS);
        if (!getReaderContext().getEnvironment().acceptsProfiles(specifiedProfiles)) {
          if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
            logger.info("Skipped XML bean definition file due to specified profiles [" + profileSpec +
                        "] not matching: " + getReaderContext().getResource());
          }
          return;
        }
      }
    }

    //在解析Bean定义之前,进行自定义的解析,增强解析过程的可扩展性
    preProcessXml(root);
    //从Document的根元素开始进行Bean定义的Document对象
    parseBeanDefinitions(root, this.delegate);
    //在解析Bean定义之后,进行自定义的解析,增加解析过程的可扩展性
    postProcessXml(root);

    this.delegate = parent;
  }

环境判断

​ 首先执行对应Profile标签认证,先取到环境,然后判断环境是否匹配对应的profile,环境获取在

public class DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader implements BeanDefinitionDocumentReader {
protected void doRegisterBeanDefinitions(Element root) {
		//具体的解析过程由BeanDefinitionParserDelegate实现,
		//BeanDefinitionParserDelegate中定义了Spring Bean定义XML文件的各种元素
		BeanDefinitionParserDelegate parent = this.delegate;
		this.delegate = createDelegate(getReaderContext(), root, parent);

		if (this.delegate.isDefaultNamespace(root)) {
			String profileSpec = root.getAttribute(PROFILE_ATTRIBUTE);
			if (StringUtils.hasText(profileSpec)) {
        //环境判断
				String[] specifiedProfiles = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(
						profileSpec, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.MULTI_VALUE_ATTRIBUTE_DELIMITERS);
				if (!getReaderContext().getEnvironment().acceptsProfiles(specifiedProfiles)) {
					if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
						logger.info("Skipped XML bean definition file due to specified profiles [" + profileSpec +
								"] not matching: " + getReaderContext().getResource());
					}
					return;
				}
			}
		}

		//在解析Bean定义之前,进行自定义的解析,增强解析过程的可扩展性
		preProcessXml(root);
		//从Document的根元素开始进行Bean定义的Document对象
		parseBeanDefinitions(root, this.delegate);
		//在解析Bean定义之后,进行自定义的解析,增加解析过程的可扩展性
		postProcessXml(root);

		this.delegate = parent;
	}
}

getReaderContext().getEnvironment()其实是通过AbstractBeanDefinitionReader获取到的

在初始化的时候设置了是StandardEnvironment

public class XmlReaderContext extends ReaderContext {
  public XmlReaderContext(
    Resource resource, ProblemReporter problemReporter,
    ReaderEventListener eventListener, SourceExtractor sourceExtractor,
    XmlBeanDefinitionReader reader, NamespaceHandlerResolver namespaceHandlerResolver) {

    super(resource, problemReporter, eventListener, sourceExtractor);
    this.reader = reader;
    this.namespaceHandlerResolver = namespaceHandlerResolver;
  }
  public final Environment getEnvironment() {
    return this.reader.getEnvironment();
  }
}


XmlReaderContextenvironment是从XmlBeanDefinitionReader中获取到的

public class XmlBeanDefinitionReader extends AbstractBeanDefinitionReader {

  public XmlReaderContext createReaderContext(Resource resource) {
    return new XmlReaderContext(resource, this.problemReporter, this.eventListener,
                                this.sourceExtractor, this, getNamespaceHandlerResolver());
  }
}

XmlBeanDefinitionReaderenvironment是从AbstractBeanDefinitionReader中初始化的

public abstract class AbstractBeanDefinitionReader implements EnvironmentCapable, BeanDefinitionReader {

  protected AbstractBeanDefinitionReader(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
    Assert.notNull(registry, "BeanDefinitionRegistry must not be null");
    this.registry = registry;

    // Determine ResourceLoader to use.
    if (this.registry instanceof ResourceLoader) {
      this.resourceLoader = (ResourceLoader) this.registry;
    }
    else {
      this.resourceLoader = new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver();
    }

    // Inherit Environment if possible
    if (this.registry instanceof EnvironmentCapable) {
      this.environment = ((EnvironmentCapable) this.registry).getEnvironment();
    }
    else {
      this.environment = new StandardEnvironment();
    }
  }
}

image-20190522105645114

PropertyPlaceholderHelper中记录了对应的读取配置文件的规则,以及解析的方式

public class PropertyPlaceholderHelper {
	public PropertyPlaceholderHelper(String placeholderPrefix, String placeholderSuffix,
			@Nullable String valueSeparator, boolean ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders) {

		Assert.notNull(placeholderPrefix, "'placeholderPrefix' must not be null");
		Assert.notNull(placeholderSuffix, "'placeholderSuffix' must not be null");
		this.placeholderPrefix = placeholderPrefix;
		this.placeholderSuffix = placeholderSuffix;
		String simplePrefixForSuffix = wellKnownSimplePrefixes.get(this.placeholderSuffix);
		if (simplePrefixForSuffix != null && this.placeholderPrefix.endsWith(simplePrefixForSuffix)) {
			this.simplePrefix = simplePrefixForSuffix;
		}
		else {
			this.simplePrefix = this.placeholderPrefix;
		}
		this.valueSeparator = valueSeparator;
		this.ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders = ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders;
	}
  protected String parseStringValue(
			String value, PlaceholderResolver placeholderResolver, Set<String> visitedPlaceholders) {

		StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder(value);

		int startIndex = value.indexOf(this.placeholderPrefix);
		while (startIndex != -1) {
			int endIndex = findPlaceholderEndIndex(result, startIndex);
			if (endIndex != -1) {
				String placeholder = result.substring(startIndex + this.placeholderPrefix.length(), endIndex);
				String originalPlaceholder = placeholder;
				if (!visitedPlaceholders.add(originalPlaceholder)) {
					throw new IllegalArgumentException(
							"Circular placeholder reference '" + originalPlaceholder + "' in property definitions");
				}
				// Recursive invocation, parsing placeholders contained in the placeholder key.
				placeholder = parseStringValue(placeholder, placeholderResolver, visitedPlaceholders);
				// Now obtain the value for the fully resolved key...
				String propVal = placeholderResolver.resolvePlaceholder(placeholder);
				if (propVal == null && this.valueSeparator != null) {
					int separatorIndex = placeholder.indexOf(this.valueSeparator);
					if (separatorIndex != -1) {
						String actualPlaceholder = placeholder.substring(0, separatorIndex);
						String defaultValue = placeholder.substring(separatorIndex + this.valueSeparator.length());
						propVal = placeholderResolver.resolvePlaceholder(actualPlaceholder);
						if (propVal == null) {
							propVal = defaultValue;
						}
					}
				}
				if (propVal != null) {
					// Recursive invocation, parsing placeholders contained in the
					// previously resolved placeholder value.
					propVal = parseStringValue(propVal, placeholderResolver, visitedPlaceholders);
					result.replace(startIndex, endIndex + this.placeholderSuffix.length(), propVal);
					if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
						logger.trace("Resolved placeholder '" + placeholder + "'");
					}
					startIndex = result.indexOf(this.placeholderPrefix, startIndex + propVal.length());
				}
				else if (this.ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders) {
					// Proceed with unprocessed value.
					startIndex = result.indexOf(this.placeholderPrefix, endIndex + this.placeholderSuffix.length());
				}
				else {
					throw new IllegalArgumentException("Could not resolve placeholder '" +
							placeholder + "'" + " in value \"" + value + "\"");
				}
				visitedPlaceholders.remove(originalPlaceholder);
			}
			else {
				startIndex = -1;
			}
		}

		return result.toString();
	}
}

元素解析

解析 <Import> <Alias> <Bean> <Beans>

 public class DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader implements BeanDefinitionDocumentReader {

 //创建BeanDefinitionParserDelegate,用于完成真正的解析过程
  protected BeanDefinitionParserDelegate createDelegate(
    XmlReaderContext readerContext, Element root, @Nullable BeanDefinitionParserDelegate parentDelegate) {

    BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate = new BeanDefinitionParserDelegate(readerContext);
    //BeanDefinitionParserDelegate初始化Document根元素
    delegate.initDefaults(root, parentDelegate);
    return delegate;
  }

  /**
	 * Parse the elements at the root level in the document:
	 * "import", "alias", "bean".
	 * @param root the DOM root element of the document
	 */
  //使用Spring的Bean规则从Document的根元素开始进行Bean定义的Document对象
  protected void parseBeanDefinitions(Element root, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
    //Bean定义的Document对象使用了Spring默认的XML命名空间
    if (delegate.isDefaultNamespace(root)) {
      //获取Bean定义的Document对象根元素的所有子节点
      NodeList nl = root.getChildNodes();
      for (int i = 0; i < nl.getLength(); i++) {
        Node node = nl.item(i);
        //获得Document节点是XML元素节点
        if (node instanceof Element) {
          Element ele = (Element) node;
          //Bean定义的Document的元素节点使用的是Spring默认的XML命名空间
          if (delegate.isDefaultNamespace(ele)) {
            //使用Spring的Bean规则解析元素节点
            parseDefaultElement(ele, delegate);
          }
          else {
            //没有使用Spring默认的XML命名空间,则使用用户自定义的解//析规则解析元素节点
            delegate.parseCustomElement(ele);
          }
        }
      }
    }
    else {
      //Document的根节点没有使用Spring默认的命名空间,则使用用户自定义的
      //解析规则解析Document根节点
      delegate.parseCustomElement(root);
    }
  }


  //使用Spring的Bean规则解析Document元素节点
  private void parseDefaultElement(Element ele, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
    //如果元素节点是<Import>导入元素,进行导入解析
    if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, IMPORT_ELEMENT)) {
      importBeanDefinitionResource(ele);
    }
    //如果元素节点是<Alias>别名元素,进行别名解析
    else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, ALIAS_ELEMENT)) {
      processAliasRegistration(ele);
    }
    //元素节点既不是导入元素,也不是别名元素,即普通的<Bean>元素,
    //按照Spring的Bean规则解析元素
    else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, BEAN_ELEMENT)) {
      processBeanDefinition(ele, delegate);
    }
    else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, NESTED_BEANS_ELEMENT)) {
      // recurse
      doRegisterBeanDefinitions(ele);
    }
  }


  /**
	 * Process the given alias element, registering the alias with the registry.
	 */
  //解析<Alias>别名元素,为Bean向Spring IoC容器注册别名
  protected void processAliasRegistration(Element ele) {
    //获取<Alias>别名元素中name的属性值
    String name = ele.getAttribute(NAME_ATTRIBUTE);
    //获取<Alias>别名元素中alias的属性值
    String alias = ele.getAttribute(ALIAS_ATTRIBUTE);
    boolean valid = true;
    //<alias>别名元素的name属性值为空
    if (!StringUtils.hasText(name)) {
      getReaderContext().error("Name must not be empty", ele);
      valid = false;
    }
    //<alias>别名元素的alias属性值为空
    if (!StringUtils.hasText(alias)) {
      getReaderContext().error("Alias must not be empty", ele);
      valid = false;
    }
    if (valid) {
      try {
        //向容器的资源读入器注册别名
        getReaderContext().getRegistry().registerAlias(name, alias);
      }
      catch (Exception ex) {
        getReaderContext().error("Failed to register alias '" + alias +
                                 "' for bean with name '" + name + "'", ele, ex);
      }
      //在解析完<Alias>元素之后,发送容器别名处理完成事件
      getReaderContext().fireAliasRegistered(name, alias, extractSource(ele));
    }
  }

  /**
	 * Process the given bean element, parsing the bean definition
	 * and registering it with the registry.
	 */
  //解析Bean定义资源Document对象的普通元素
  protected void processBeanDefinition(Element ele, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
    BeanDefinitionHolder bdHolder = delegate.parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele);
    // BeanDefinitionHolder是对BeanDefinition的封装,即Bean定义的封装类
    //对Document对象中<Bean>元素的解析由BeanDefinitionParserDelegate实现
    // BeanDefinitionHolder bdHolder = delegate.parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele);
    if (bdHolder != null) {
      bdHolder = delegate.decorateBeanDefinitionIfRequired(ele, bdHolder);
      try {
        // Register the final decorated instance.
        //向Spring IOC容器注册解析得到的Bean定义,这是Bean定义向IOC容器注册的入口
        BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.registerBeanDefinition(bdHolder, getReaderContext().getRegistry());
      }
      catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) {
        getReaderContext().error("Failed to register bean definition with name '" +
                                 bdHolder.getBeanName() + "'", ele, ex);
      }
      // Send registration event.
      //在完成向Spring IOC容器注册解析得到的Bean定义之后,发送注册事件
      getReaderContext().fireComponentRegistered(new BeanComponentDefinition(bdHolder));
    }
  }
}
}
解析自定义元素

在上述 delegate.parseCustomElement(root);中,如果我们没有使用spring默认的命名空间即没有使用http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans此命名空间那么会执行此方法

public class BeanDefinitionParserDelegate {

  public BeanDefinition parseCustomElement(Element ele) {
    return parseCustomElement(ele, null);
  }

  public BeanDefinition parseCustomElement(Element ele, BeanDefinition containingBd) {
    String namespaceUri = getNamespaceURI(ele);
    NamespaceHandler handler = this.readerContext.getNamespaceHandlerResolver().resolve(namespaceUri);
    if (handler == null) {
      error("Unable to locate Spring NamespaceHandler for XML schema namespace [" + namespaceUri + "]", ele);
      return null;
    }
    return handler.parse(ele, new ParserContext(this.readerContext, this, containingBd));
  }
}

上述getNamespaceHandlerResolverDefaultNamespaceHandlerResolver分析解析策略可见得。

对应resolver方式

public class DefaultNamespaceHandlerResolver implements NamespaceHandlerResolver {
  	public static final String DEFAULT_HANDLER_MAPPINGS_LOCATION = "META-INF/spring.handlers";
  
  	public DefaultNamespaceHandlerResolver(ClassLoader classLoader) {
		this(classLoader, DEFAULT_HANDLER_MAPPINGS_LOCATION);
	}

	public DefaultNamespaceHandlerResolver(ClassLoader classLoader, String handlerMappingsLocation) {
		Assert.notNull(handlerMappingsLocation, "Handler mappings location must not be null");
		this.classLoader = (classLoader != null ? classLoader : ClassUtils.getDefaultClassLoader());
		this.handlerMappingsLocation = handlerMappingsLocation;
	}
  //匹配对应namespaceUri
  public NamespaceHandler resolve(String namespaceUri) {
    Map<String, Object> handlerMappings = getHandlerMappings();
    Object handlerOrClassName = handlerMappings.get(namespaceUri);
    if (handlerOrClassName == null) {
      return null;
    }
    else if (handlerOrClassName instanceof NamespaceHandler) {
      return (NamespaceHandler) handlerOrClassName;
    }
    else {
      String className = (String) handlerOrClassName;
      try {
        Class<?> handlerClass = ClassUtils.forName(className, this.classLoader);
        if (!NamespaceHandler.class.isAssignableFrom(handlerClass)) {
          throw new FatalBeanException("Class [" + className + "] for namespace [" + namespaceUri +
                                       "] does not implement the [" + NamespaceHandler.class.getName() + "] interface");
        }
        //实例化对应handlerclass对象
        NamespaceHandler namespaceHandler = (NamespaceHandler) BeanUtils.instantiateClass(handlerClass);
        namespaceHandler.init();
        handlerMappings.put(namespaceUri, namespaceHandler);
        return namespaceHandler;
      }
      catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
        throw new FatalBeanException("NamespaceHandler class [" + className + "] for namespace [" +
                                     namespaceUri + "] not found", ex);
      }
      catch (LinkageError err) {
        throw new FatalBeanException("Invalid NamespaceHandler class [" + className + "] for namespace [" +
                                     namespaceUri + "]: problem with handler class file or dependent class", err);
      }
    }
  }
  //加载指定的NamespaceHandler映射。
  private Map<String, Object> getHandlerMappings() {
		if (this.handlerMappings == null) {
			synchronized (this) {
				if (this.handlerMappings == null) {
					try {
						Properties mappings =
								PropertiesLoaderUtils.loadAllProperties(this.handlerMappingsLocation, this.classLoader);
						if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
							logger.debug("Loaded NamespaceHandler mappings: " + mappings);
						}
						Map<String, Object> handlerMappings = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, Object>(mappings.size());
						CollectionUtils.mergePropertiesIntoMap(mappings, handlerMappings);
						this.handlerMappings = handlerMappings;
					}
					catch (IOException ex) {
						throw new IllegalStateException(
								"Unable to load NamespaceHandler mappings from location [" + this.handlerMappingsLocation + "]", ex);
					}
				}
			}
		}
		return this.handlerMappings;
	}
}

从上可知,默认读取META-INF/spring.handlers中的文件例如Spring-Context中的spring.handlers

http\://www.springframework.org/schema/context=org.springframework.context.config.ContextNamespaceHandler
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/jee=org.springframework.ejb.config.JeeNamespaceHandler
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/lang=org.springframework.scripting.config.LangNamespaceHandler
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/task=org.springframework.scheduling.config.TaskNamespaceHandler
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/cache=org.springframework.cache.config.CacheNamespaceHandler

NamespaceHandler namespaceHandler = (NamespaceHandler) BeanUtils.instantiateClass(handlerClass);

可知我们对应解析的类需要实现NamespaceHandler接口

最后执行对应的init方法和parse方法

解析<import>
public class BeanDefinitionParserDelegate {

  /**
	 * Parse an "import" element and load the bean definitions
	 * from the given resource into the bean factory.
	 */
  //解析<Import>导入元素,从给定的导入路径加载Bean定义资源到Spring IoC容器中
  protected void importBeanDefinitionResource(Element ele) {
    //获取给定的导入元素的location属性
    String location = ele.getAttribute(RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTE);
    //如果导入元素的location属性值为空,则没有导入任何资源,直接返回
    if (!StringUtils.hasText(location)) {
      getReaderContext().error("Resource location must not be empty", ele);
      return;
    }

    // Resolve system properties: e.g. "${user.dir}"
    //使用系统变量值解析location属性值
    location = getReaderContext().getEnvironment().resolveRequiredPlaceholders(location);

    Set<Resource> actualResources = new LinkedHashSet<>(4);

    // Discover whether the location is an absolute or relative URI
    //标识给定的导入元素的location是否是绝对路径
    boolean absoluteLocation = false;
    try {
      absoluteLocation = ResourcePatternUtils.isUrl(location) || ResourceUtils.toURI(location).isAbsolute();
    }
    catch (URISyntaxException ex) {
      // cannot convert to an URI, considering the location relative
      // unless it is the well-known Spring prefix "classpath*:"
      //给定的导入元素的location不是绝对路径
    }

    // Absolute or relative?
    //给定的导入元素的location是绝对路径
    if (absoluteLocation) {
      try {
        //使用资源读入器加载给定路径的Bean定义资源
        int importCount = getReaderContext().getReader().loadBeanDefinitions(location, actualResources);
        if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
          logger.debug("Imported " + importCount + " bean definitions from URL location [" + location + "]");
        }
      }
      catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) {
        getReaderContext().error(
          "Failed to import bean definitions from URL location [" + location + "]", ele, ex);
      }
    }
    else {
      // No URL -> considering resource location as relative to the current file.
      //给定的导入元素的location是相对路径
      try {
        int importCount;
        //将给定导入元素的location封装为相对路径资源
        Resource relativeResource = getReaderContext().getResource().createRelative(location);
        //封装的相对路径资源存在
        if (relativeResource.exists()) {
          //使用资源读入器加载Bean定义资源
          importCount = getReaderContext().getReader().loadBeanDefinitions(relativeResource);
          actualResources.add(relativeResource);
        }
        //封装的相对路径资源不存在
        else {
          //获取Spring IOC容器资源读入器的基本路径
          String baseLocation = getReaderContext().getResource().getURL().toString();
          //根据Spring IOC容器资源读入器的基本路径加载给定导入路径的资源
          importCount = getReaderContext().getReader().loadBeanDefinitions(
            StringUtils.applyRelativePath(baseLocation, location), actualResources);
        }
        if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
          logger.debug("Imported " + importCount + " bean definitions from relative location [" + location + "]");
        }
      }
      catch (IOException ex) {
        getReaderContext().error("Failed to resolve current resource location", ele, ex);
      }
      catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) {
        getReaderContext().error("Failed to import bean definitions from relative location [" + location + "]",
                                 ele, ex);
      }
    }
    Resource[] actResArray = actualResources.toArray(new Resource[actualResources.size()]);
    //在解析完<Import>元素之后,发送容器导入其他资源处理完成事件
    getReaderContext().fireImportProcessed(location, actResArray, extractSource(ele));
  }
}
解析<Alias>
	/**
	 * Process the given alias element, registering the alias with the registry.
	 */
	//解析<Alias>别名元素,为Bean向Spring IoC容器注册别名
	protected void processAliasRegistration(Element ele) {
		//获取<Alias>别名元素中name的属性值
		String name = ele.getAttribute(NAME_ATTRIBUTE);
		//获取<Alias>别名元素中alias的属性值
		String alias = ele.getAttribute(ALIAS_ATTRIBUTE);
		boolean valid = true;
		//<alias>别名元素的name属性值为空
		if (!StringUtils.hasText(name)) {
			getReaderContext().error("Name must not be empty", ele);
			valid = false;
		}
		//<alias>别名元素的alias属性值为空
		if (!StringUtils.hasText(alias)) {
			getReaderContext().error("Alias must not be empty", ele);
			valid = false;
		}
		if (valid) {
			try {
				//向容器的资源读入器注册别名
				getReaderContext().getRegistry().registerAlias(name, alias);
			}
			catch (Exception ex) {
				getReaderContext().error("Failed to register alias '" + alias +
						"' for bean with name '" + name + "'", ele, ex);
			}
			//在解析完<Alias>元素之后,发送容器别名处理完成事件
			getReaderContext().fireAliasRegistered(name, alias, extractSource(ele));
		}
	}
public class SimpleAliasRegistry implements AliasRegistry {

  @Override
  public void registerAlias(String name, String alias) {
    Assert.hasText(name, "'name' must not be empty");
    Assert.hasText(alias, "'alias' must not be empty");
    if (alias.equals(name)) {
      this.aliasMap.remove(alias);
    }
    else {
      String registeredName = this.aliasMap.get(alias);
      if (registeredName != null) {
        if (registeredName.equals(name)) {
          // An existing alias - no need to re-register
          return;
        }
        if (!allowAliasOverriding()) {
          throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot register alias '" + alias + "' for name '" +
                                          name + "': It is already registered for name '" + registeredName + "'.");
        }
      }
      checkForAliasCircle(name, alias);
      this.aliasMap.put(alias, name);
    }
  }
}
解析<Bean>

Bean 配置信息中的<import><alias>元素解析在 DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader中已
经完成,对 Bean 配置信息中使用最多的<bean>元素交由BeanDefinitionParserDelegate来解析,

注册的Beandefinition都注册到了DefalutListAbleFactory

public class DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader implements BeanDefinitionDocumentReader {

  //解析Bean定义资源Document对象的普通元素
  protected void processBeanDefinition(Element ele, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
    BeanDefinitionHolder bdHolder = delegate.parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele);
    // BeanDefinitionHolder是对BeanDefinition的封装,即Bean定义的封装类
    //对Document对象中<Bean>元素的解析由BeanDefinitionParserDelegate实现
    // BeanDefinitionHolder bdHolder = delegate.parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele);
    if (bdHolder != null) {
      bdHolder = delegate.decorateBeanDefinitionIfRequired(ele, bdHolder);
      try {
        // Register the final decorated instance.
        //向Spring IOC容器注册解析得到的Bean定义,这是Bean定义向IOC容器注册的入口
        BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.registerBeanDefinition(bdHolder, getReaderContext().getRegistry());
      }
      catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) {
        getReaderContext().error("Failed to register bean definition with name '" +
                                 bdHolder.getBeanName() + "'", ele, ex);
      }
      // Send registration event.
      //在完成向Spring IOC容器注册解析得到的Bean定义之后,发送注册事件
      getReaderContext().fireComponentRegistered(new BeanComponentDefinition(bdHolder));
    }
  }
  	//将解析的BeanDefinitionHold注册到容器中
	public static void registerBeanDefinition(
			BeanDefinitionHolder definitionHolder, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry)
			throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {

		// Register bean definition under primary name.
		//获取解析的BeanDefinition的名称
		String beanName = definitionHolder.getBeanName();
		//向IOC容器注册BeanDefinition
		registry.registerBeanDefinition(beanName, definitionHolder.getBeanDefinition());

		// Register aliases for bean name, if any.
		//如果解析的BeanDefinition有别名,向容器为其注册别名
		String[] aliases = definitionHolder.getAliases();
		if (aliases != null) {
			for (String alias : aliases) {
				registry.registerAlias(beanName, alias);
			}
		}
	}
}

delegate.parseBeanDefinitionElement使用的是BeanDefinitionParserDelegate

public class BeanDefinitionParserDelegate {

  //解析Bean定义资源文件中的<Bean>元素,这个方法中主要处理<Bean>元素的id,name和别名属性
  @Nullable
  public BeanDefinitionHolder parseBeanDefinitionElement(Element ele, @Nullable BeanDefinition containingBean) {
    //获取<Bean>元素中的id属性值
    String id = ele.getAttribute(ID_ATTRIBUTE);
    //获取<Bean>元素中的name属性值
    String nameAttr = ele.getAttribute(NAME_ATTRIBUTE);

    //获取<Bean>元素中的alias属性值
    List<String> aliases = new ArrayList<>();

    //将<Bean>元素中的所有name属性值存放到别名中
    if (StringUtils.hasLength(nameAttr)) {
      String[] nameArr = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(nameAttr, MULTI_VALUE_ATTRIBUTE_DELIMITERS);
      aliases.addAll(Arrays.asList(nameArr));
    }

    String beanName = id;
    //如果<Bean>元素中没有配置id属性时,将别名中的第一个值赋值给beanName
    if (!StringUtils.hasText(beanName) && !aliases.isEmpty()) {
      beanName = aliases.remove(0);
      if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
        logger.debug("No XML 'id' specified - using '" + beanName +
                     "' as bean name and " + aliases + " as aliases");
      }
    }

    //检查<Bean>元素所配置的id或者name的唯一性,containingBean标识<Bean>
    //元素中是否包含子<Bean>元素
    if (containingBean == null) {
      //检查<Bean>元素所配置的id、name或者别名是否重复
      checkNameUniqueness(beanName, aliases, ele);
    }

    //详细对<Bean>元素中配置的Bean定义进行解析的地方
    AbstractBeanDefinition beanDefinition = parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele, beanName, containingBean);
    if (beanDefinition != null) {
      if (!StringUtils.hasText(beanName)) {
        try {
          if (containingBean != null) {
            //如果<Bean>元素中没有配置id、别名或者name,且没有包含子元素
            //<Bean>元素,为解析的Bean生成一个唯一beanName并注册
            beanName = BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.generateBeanName(
              beanDefinition, this.readerContext.getRegistry(), true);
          }
          else {
            //如果<Bean>元素中没有配置id、别名或者name,且包含了子元素
            //<Bean>元素,为解析的Bean使用别名向IOC容器注册
            beanName = this.readerContext.generateBeanName(beanDefinition);
            // Register an alias for the plain bean class name, if still possible,
            // if the generator returned the class name plus a suffix.
            // This is expected for Spring 1.2/2.0 backwards compatibility.
            //为解析的Bean使用别名注册时,为了向后兼容
            //Spring1.2/2.0,给别名添加类名后缀
            String beanClassName = beanDefinition.getBeanClassName();
            if (beanClassName != null &&
                beanName.startsWith(beanClassName) && beanName.length() > beanClassName.length() &&
                !this.readerContext.getRegistry().isBeanNameInUse(beanClassName)) {
              aliases.add(beanClassName);
            }
          }
          if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
            logger.debug("Neither XML 'id' nor 'name' specified - " +
                         "using generated bean name [" + beanName + "]");
          }
        }
        catch (Exception ex) {
          error(ex.getMessage(), ele);
          return null;
        }
      }
      String[] aliasesArray = StringUtils.toStringArray(aliases);
      return new BeanDefinitionHolder(beanDefinition, beanName, aliasesArray);
    }
    //当解析出错时,返回null
    return null;
  }
  //详细对<Bean>元素中配置的Bean定义其他属性进行解析
	//由于上面的方法中已经对Bean的id、name和别名等属性进行了处理
	//该方法中主要处理除这三个以外的其他属性数据
	@Nullable
	public AbstractBeanDefinition parseBeanDefinitionElement(
			Element ele, String beanName, @Nullable BeanDefinition containingBean) {
		//记录解析的<Bean>
		this.parseState.push(new BeanEntry(beanName));

		//这里只读取<Bean>元素中配置的class名字,然后载入到BeanDefinition中去
		//只是记录配置的class名字,不做实例化,对象的实例化在依赖注入时完成
		String className = null;

		//如果<Bean>元素中配置了parent属性,则获取parent属性的值
		if (ele.hasAttribute(CLASS_ATTRIBUTE)) {
			className = ele.getAttribute(CLASS_ATTRIBUTE).trim();
		}
		String parent = null;
		if (ele.hasAttribute(PARENT_ATTRIBUTE)) {
			parent = ele.getAttribute(PARENT_ATTRIBUTE);
		}

		try {
			//根据<Bean>元素配置的class名称和parent属性值创建BeanDefinition
			//为载入Bean定义信息做准备
			AbstractBeanDefinition bd = createBeanDefinition(className, parent);

			//对当前的<Bean>元素中配置的一些属性进行解析和设置,如配置的单态(singleton)属性等
			parseBeanDefinitionAttributes(ele, beanName, containingBean, bd);
			//为<Bean>元素解析的Bean设置description信息
			bd.setDescription(DomUtils.getChildElementValueByTagName(ele, DESCRIPTION_ELEMENT));

			//对<Bean>元素的meta(元信息)属性解析
			parseMetaElements(ele, bd);
			//对<Bean>元素的lookup-method属性解析
			parseLookupOverrideSubElements(ele, bd.getMethodOverrides());
			//对<Bean>元素的replaced-method属性解析
			parseReplacedMethodSubElements(ele, bd.getMethodOverrides());

			//解析<Bean>元素的构造方法设置
			parseConstructorArgElements(ele, bd);
			//解析<Bean>元素的<property>设置
			parsePropertyElements(ele, bd);
			//解析<Bean>元素的qualifier属性
			parseQualifierElements(ele, bd);

			//为当前解析的Bean设置所需的资源和依赖对象
			bd.setResource(this.readerContext.getResource());
			bd.setSource(extractSource(ele));

			return bd;
		}
		catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
			error("Bean class [" + className + "] not found", ele, ex);
		}
		catch (NoClassDefFoundError err) {
			error("Class that bean class [" + className + "] depends on not found", ele, err);
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			error("Unexpected failure during bean definition parsing", ele, ex);
		}
		finally {
			this.parseState.pop();
		}

		//解析<Bean>元素出错时,返回null
		return null;
	}
}

​ 在解析<Bean>元素过程中没有创建和实例化Bean对象,只是创建了Bean 对象的定义类
BeanDefinition,将<Bean>元素中的配置信息设置到BeanDefinition 中作为记录,当依赖注入时才
使用这些记录信息创建和实例化具体的Bean对象。

​ 上面方法中一些对一些配置如元信息(meta)、qualifier 等的解析,我们在 Spring 中配置时使用的也不
多,我们在使用 Spring 的<Bean>元素时,配置最多的是<property>属性,因此我们下面继续分析源
码,了解 Bean 的属性在解析时是如何设置的。

载入<Property>元素

BeanDefinitionParserDelegate在解析<Bean>调用parsePropertyElements()方法解析<Bean>
素中的<property>属性子元素,解析源码如下:

public class BeanDefinitionParserDelegate {

  /**
	 * Parse property sub-elements of the given bean element.
	 */
  //解析<Bean>元素中的<property>子元素
  public void parsePropertyElements(Element beanEle, BeanDefinition bd) {
    //获取<Bean>元素中所有的子元素
    NodeList nl = beanEle.getChildNodes();
    for (int i = 0; i < nl.getLength(); i++) {
      Node node = nl.item(i);
      //如果子元素是<property>子元素,则调用解析<property>子元素方法解析
      if (isCandidateElement(node) && nodeNameEquals(node, PROPERTY_ELEMENT)) {
        parsePropertyElement((Element) node, bd);
      }
    }
  }
  /**
	 * Parse a property element.
	 */
  //解析<property>元素
  public void parsePropertyElement(Element ele, BeanDefinition bd) {
    //获取<property>元素的名字
    String propertyName = ele.getAttribute(NAME_ATTRIBUTE);
    if (!StringUtils.hasLength(propertyName)) {
      error("Tag 'property' must have a 'name' attribute", ele);
      return;
    }
    this.parseState.push(new PropertyEntry(propertyName));
    try {
      //如果一个Bean中已经有同名的property存在,则不进行解析,直接返回。
      //即如果在同一个Bean中配置同名的property,则只有第一个起作用
      if (bd.getPropertyValues().contains(propertyName)) {
        error("Multiple 'property' definitions for property '" + propertyName + "'", ele);
        return;
      }
      //解析获取property的值
      Object val = parsePropertyValue(ele, bd, propertyName);
      //根据property的名字和值创建property实例
      PropertyValue pv = new PropertyValue(propertyName, val);
      //解析<property>元素中的属性
      parseMetaElements(ele, pv);
      pv.setSource(extractSource(ele));
      bd.getPropertyValues().addPropertyValue(pv);
    }
    finally {
      this.parseState.pop();
    }
  }
  //解析获取property值
  @Nullable
  public Object parsePropertyValue(Element ele, BeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String propertyName) {
    String elementName = (propertyName != null) ?
      "<property> element for property '" + propertyName + "'" :
    "<constructor-arg> element";

    // Should only have one child element: ref, value, list, etc.
    //获取<property>的所有子元素,只能是其中一种类型:ref,value,list,etc等
    NodeList nl = ele.getChildNodes();
    Element subElement = null;
    for (int i = 0; i < nl.getLength(); i++) {
      Node node = nl.item(i);
      //子元素不是description和meta属性
      if (node instanceof Element && !nodeNameEquals(node, DESCRIPTION_ELEMENT) &&
          !nodeNameEquals(node, META_ELEMENT)) {
        // Child element is what we're looking for.
        if (subElement != null) {
          error(elementName + " must not contain more than one sub-element", ele);
        }
        else {
          //当前<property>元素包含有子元素
          subElement = (Element) node;
        }
      }
    }

    //判断property的属性值是ref还是value,不允许既是ref又是value
    boolean hasRefAttribute = ele.hasAttribute(REF_ATTRIBUTE);
    boolean hasValueAttribute = ele.hasAttribute(VALUE_ATTRIBUTE);
    if ((hasRefAttribute && hasValueAttribute) ||
        ((hasRefAttribute || hasValueAttribute) && subElement != null)) {
      error(elementName +
            " is only allowed to contain either 'ref' attribute OR 'value' attribute OR sub-element", ele);
    }

    //如果属性是ref,创建一个ref的数据对象RuntimeBeanReference
    //这个对象封装了ref信息
    if (hasRefAttribute) {
      String refName = ele.getAttribute(REF_ATTRIBUTE);
      if (!StringUtils.hasText(refName)) {
        error(elementName + " contains empty 'ref' attribute", ele);
      }
      //一个指向运行时所依赖对象的引用
      RuntimeBeanReference ref = new RuntimeBeanReference(refName);
      //设置这个ref的数据对象是被当前的property对象所引用
      ref.setSource(extractSource(ele));
      return ref;
    }
    //如果属性是value,创建一个value的数据对象TypedStringValue
    //这个对象封装了value信息
    else if (hasValueAttribute) {
      //一个持有String类型值的对象
      TypedStringValue valueHolder = new TypedStringValue(ele.getAttribute(VALUE_ATTRIBUTE));
      //设置这个value数据对象是被当前的property对象所引用
      valueHolder.setSource(extractSource(ele));
      return valueHolder;
    }
    //如果当前<property>元素还有子元素
    else if (subElement != null) {
      //解析<property>的子元素
      return parsePropertySubElement(subElement, bd);
    }
    else {
      // Neither child element nor "ref" or "value" attribute found.
      //propery属性中既不是ref,也不是value属性,解析出错返回null
      error(elementName + " must specify a ref or value", ele);
      return null;
    }
  }

}

通过上述分析,我们可以了解在Spring配置文件中,<Bean>元素中<property>元素的相关配置是如何处理的:

1、ref被封装为指向依赖对象的一个引用

2、value配置都会封装成一个字符串类型的对象

3、ref和value都通过TypedStringValue.setSource(extractSource(ele));方法将属性值/引用
与所引用的属性关联起来。

此方法的最后对于<Property>元素的子元素通过parsePropertySubElement()方法解析,我们继续分析此方法的源码,了解其解析过程

载入<Property>子元素

BeanDefinitionParserDelegate类中的 parsePropertySubElement()方法对<property>中的子元
素解析,源码如下

public class BeanDefinitionParserDelegate {
  @Nullable
  public Object parsePropertySubElement(Element ele, @Nullable BeanDefinition bd) {
    return parsePropertySubElement(ele, bd, null);
  }
  //解析<property>元素中ref,value或者集合等子元素
  @Nullable
  public Object parsePropertySubElement(Element ele, @Nullable BeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String defaultValueType) {
    //如果<property>没有使用Spring默认的命名空间,则使用用户自定义的规则解析内嵌元素
    if (!isDefaultNamespace(ele)) {
      return parseNestedCustomElement(ele, bd);
    }
    //如果子元素是bean,则使用解析<Bean>元素的方法解析
    else if (nodeNameEquals(ele, BEAN_ELEMENT)) {
      BeanDefinitionHolder nestedBd = parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele, bd);
      if (nestedBd != null) {
        nestedBd = decorateBeanDefinitionIfRequired(ele, nestedBd, bd);
      }
      return nestedBd;
    }
    //如果子元素是ref,ref中只能有以下3个属性:bean、local、parent
    else if (nodeNameEquals(ele, REF_ELEMENT)) {
      // A generic reference to any name of any bean.
      //可以不再同一个Spring配置文件中,具体请参考Spring对ref的配置规则
      String refName = ele.getAttribute(BEAN_REF_ATTRIBUTE);
      boolean toParent = false;
      if (!StringUtils.hasLength(refName)) {
        // A reference to the id of another bean in a parent context.
        //获取<property>元素中parent属性值,引用父级容器中的Bean
        refName = ele.getAttribute(PARENT_REF_ATTRIBUTE);
        toParent = true;
        if (!StringUtils.hasLength(refName)) {
          error("'bean' or 'parent' is required for <ref> element", ele);
          return null;
        }
      }
      if (!StringUtils.hasText(refName)) {
        error("<ref> element contains empty target attribute", ele);
        return null;
      }
      //创建ref类型数据,指向被引用的对象
      RuntimeBeanReference ref = new RuntimeBeanReference(refName, toParent);
      //设置引用类型值是被当前子元素所引用
      ref.setSource(extractSource(ele));
      return ref;
    }
    //如果子元素是<idref>,使用解析ref元素的方法解析
    else if (nodeNameEquals(ele, IDREF_ELEMENT)) {
      return parseIdRefElement(ele);
    }
    //如果子元素是<value>,使用解析value元素的方法解析
    else if (nodeNameEquals(ele, VALUE_ELEMENT)) {
      return parseValueElement(ele, defaultValueType);
    }
    //如果子元素是null,为<property>设置一个封装null值的字符串数据
    else if (nodeNameEquals(ele, NULL_ELEMENT)) {
      // It's a distinguished null value. Let's wrap it in a TypedStringValue
      // object in order to preserve the source location.
      TypedStringValue nullHolder = new TypedStringValue(null);
      nullHolder.setSource(extractSource(ele));
      return nullHolder;
    }
    //如果子元素是<array>,使用解析array集合子元素的方法解析
    else if (nodeNameEquals(ele, ARRAY_ELEMENT)) {
      return parseArrayElement(ele, bd);
    }
    //如果子元素是<list>,使用解析list集合子元素的方法解析
    else if (nodeNameEquals(ele, LIST_ELEMENT)) {
      return parseListElement(ele, bd);
    }
    //如果子元素是<set>,使用解析set集合子元素的方法解析
    else if (nodeNameEquals(ele, SET_ELEMENT)) {
      return parseSetElement(ele, bd);
    }
    //如果子元素是<map>,使用解析map集合子元素的方法解析
    else if (nodeNameEquals(ele, MAP_ELEMENT)) {
      return parseMapElement(ele, bd);
    }
    //如果子元素是<props>,使用解析props集合子元素的方法解析
    else if (nodeNameEquals(ele, PROPS_ELEMENT)) {
      return parsePropsElement(ele);
    }
    //既不是ref,又不是value,也不是集合,则子元素配置错误,返回null
    else {
      error("Unknown property sub-element: [" + ele.getNodeName() + "]", ele);
      return null;
    }
  }
}

​ 通过上述源码分析,我们明白了在 Spring 配置文件中,对<property>元素中配置的 arraylistsetmapprop 等各种集合子元素的都通过上述方法解析,生成对应的数据对象,比如 ManagedListManagedArrayManagedSet 等,这些 Managed 类是 Spring 对象 BeanDefiniton 的数据封装,对集合数据类型的具体解析有各自的解析方法实现,解析方法的命名非常规范,一目了然,我们对<list>集合元素的解析方法进行源码分析,了解其实现过程。

载入<list>的子元素
public class BeanDefinitionParserDelegate {

  /**
	 * Parse a list element.
	 */
  //解析<list>集合子元素
  public List<Object> parseListElement(Element collectionEle, @Nullable BeanDefinition bd) {
    //获取<list>元素中的value-type属性,即获取集合元素的数据类型
    String defaultElementType = collectionEle.getAttribute(VALUE_TYPE_ATTRIBUTE);
    //获取<list>集合元素中的所有子节点
    NodeList nl = collectionEle.getChildNodes();
    //Spring中将List封装为ManagedList
    ManagedList<Object> target = new ManagedList<>(nl.getLength());
    target.setSource(extractSource(collectionEle));
    //设置集合目标数据类型
    target.setElementTypeName(defaultElementType);
    target.setMergeEnabled(parseMergeAttribute(collectionEle));
    //具体的<list>元素解析
    parseCollectionElements(nl, target, bd, defaultElementType);
    return target;
  }
  //具体解析<list>集合元素,<array>、<list>和<set>都使用该方法解析
  protected void parseCollectionElements(
    NodeList elementNodes, Collection<Object> target, @Nullable BeanDefinition bd, String defaultElementType) {
    //遍历集合所有节点
    for (int i = 0; i < elementNodes.getLength(); i++) {
      Node node = elementNodes.item(i);
      //节点不是description节点
      if (node instanceof Element && !nodeNameEquals(node, DESCRIPTION_ELEMENT)) {
        //将解析的元素加入集合中,递归调用下一个子元素
        target.add(parsePropertySubElement((Element) node, bd, defaultElementType));
      }
    }
  }
}

解析<Beans>

如果是Beans则重新调用对应的doRegisterBeanDefinitions方法

public class DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader implements BeanDefinitionDocumentReader {
			doRegisterBeanDefinitions(ele);
}

​ 经过对 Spring Bean 配置信息转换的 Document 对象中的元素层层解析,Spring IOC 现在已经将 XML 形式定义的 Bean 配置信息转换为 Spring IOC 所识别的数据结构——BeanDefinition,它是 Bean 配 置信息中配置的 POJO 对象在 Spring IOC 容器中的映射,我们可以通过 AbstractBeanDefinition 为 入口,看到了 IOC 容器进行索引、查询和操作。

​ 通过 Spring IOC 容器对 Bean 配置资源的解析后,IOC 容器大致完成了管理 Bean 对象的准备工作, 即初始化过程,但是最为重要的依赖注入还没有发生,现在在 IOC 容器中 BeanDefinition 存储的只是 一些静态信息,接下来需要向容器注册 Bean 定义信息才能全部完成 IOC 容器的初始化过程

12、分配注册策略

​ 让我们继续跟踪程序的执行顺序,接下来我们来分析 DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader 对 Bean 定义转换的 Document 对象解析的流程中,在其 parseDefaultElement()方法中完成对 Document 对象的解析后得到封装 BeanDefinitionBeanDefinitionHold 对象,然后调用 BeanDefinitionReaderUtilsregisterBeanDefinition()方法向 IOC 容 器 注 册 解 析 的 Bean ,
BeanDefinitionReaderUtils 的注册的源码如下:

public class DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader implements BeanDefinitionDocumentReader {

  //解析Bean定义资源Document对象的普通元素
  protected void processBeanDefinition(Element ele, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
    BeanDefinitionHolder bdHolder = delegate.parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele);
    // BeanDefinitionHolder是对BeanDefinition的封装,即Bean定义的封装类
    //对Document对象中<Bean>元素的解析由BeanDefinitionParserDelegate实现
    // BeanDefinitionHolder bdHolder = delegate.parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele);
    if (bdHolder != null) {
      bdHolder = delegate.decorateBeanDefinitionIfRequired(ele, bdHolder);
      try {
        // Register the final decorated instance.
        //向Spring IOC容器注册解析得到的Bean定义,这是Bean定义向IOC容器注册的入口
        BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.registerBeanDefinition(bdHolder, getReaderContext().getRegistry());
      }
      catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) {
        getReaderContext().error("Failed to register bean definition with name '" +
                                 bdHolder.getBeanName() + "'", ele, ex);
      }
      // Send registration event.
      //在完成向Spring IOC容器注册解析得到的Bean定义之后,发送注册事件
      getReaderContext().fireComponentRegistered(new BeanComponentDefinition(bdHolder));
    }
  }
}

​ 调用BeanDefinitionReaderUtils想IOC容器注册解析的BeanDefinition时,真正完成注册功能的是DefaultListableBeanFactory

13、向容器注册

DefaultListableBeanFactory 中使用一个 HashMap 的集合对象存放 IOC 容器中注册解析的BeanDefinition,向 IOC 容器注册的主要源码如下:

image-20190522135853148

@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class DefaultListableBeanFactory extends AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory
		implements ConfigurableListableBeanFactory, BeanDefinitionRegistry, Serializable {

/** Map of bean definition objects, keyed by bean name */
	//存储注册信息的BeanDefinition
	private final Map<String, BeanDefinition> beanDefinitionMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(256);
//向IOC容器注册解析的BeanDefiniton
	@Override
	public void registerBeanDefinition(String beanName, BeanDefinition beanDefinition)
			throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {

Assert.hasText(beanName, "Bean name must not be empty");
	Assert.notNull(beanDefinition, "BeanDefinition must not be null");

	//校验解析的BeanDefiniton
	if (beanDefinition instanceof AbstractBeanDefinition) {
		try {
			((AbstractBeanDefinition) beanDefinition).validate();
		}
		catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
			throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
					"Validation of bean definition failed", ex);
		}
	}

	BeanDefinition oldBeanDefinition;

	oldBeanDefinition = this.beanDefinitionMap.get(beanName);

	if (oldBeanDefinition != null) {
		if (!isAllowBeanDefinitionOverriding()) {
			throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
					"Cannot register bean definition [" + beanDefinition + "] for bean '" + beanName +
					"': There is already [" + oldBeanDefinition + "] bound.");
		}
		else if (oldBeanDefinition.getRole() < beanDefinition.getRole()) {
			// e.g. was ROLE_APPLICATION, now overriding with ROLE_SUPPORT or ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE
			if (this.logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
				this.logger.warn("Overriding user-defined bean definition for bean '" + beanName +
						"' with a framework-generated bean definition: replacing [" +
						oldBeanDefinition + "] with [" + beanDefinition + "]");
			}
		}
		else if (!beanDefinition.equals(oldBeanDefinition)) {
			if (this.logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
				this.logger.info("Overriding bean definition for bean '" + beanName +
						"' with a different definition: replacing [" + oldBeanDefinition +
						"] with [" + beanDefinition + "]");
			}
		}
		else {
			if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				this.logger.debug("Overriding bean definition for bean '" + beanName +
						"' with an equivalent definition: replacing [" + oldBeanDefinition +
						"] with [" + beanDefinition + "]");
			}
		}
		this.beanDefinitionMap.put(beanName, beanDefinition);
	}
	else {
		if (hasBeanCreationStarted()) {
			// Cannot modify startup-time collection elements anymore (for stable iteration)
			//注册的过程中需要线程同步,以保证数据的一致性
			synchronized (this.beanDefinitionMap) {
				this.beanDefinitionMap.put(beanName, beanDefinition);
				List<String> updatedDefinitions = new ArrayList<>(this.beanDefinitionNames.size() + 1);
				updatedDefinitions.addAll(this.beanDefinitionNames);
				updatedDefinitions.add(beanName);
				this.beanDefinitionNames = updatedDefinitions;
				if (this.manualSingletonNames.contains(beanName)) {
					Set<String> updatedSingletons = new LinkedHashSet<>(this.manualSingletonNames);
					updatedSingletons.remove(beanName);
					this.manualSingletonNames = updatedSingletons;
				}
			}
		}
		else {
			// Still in startup registration phase
			this.beanDefinitionMap.put(beanName, beanDefinition);
			this.beanDefinitionNames.add(beanName);
			this.manualSingletonNames.remove(beanName);
		}
		this.frozenBeanDefinitionNames = null;
	}

	//检查是否有同名的BeanDefinition已经在IOC容器中注册
	if (oldBeanDefinition != null || containsSingleton(beanName)) {
		//重置所有已经注册过的BeanDefinition的缓存
		resetBeanDefinition(beanName);
	}
}

​ 至此,Bean 配置信息中配置的 Bean 被解析过后,已经注册到 IOC 容器中,被容器管理起来,真正完成了 IOC 容器初始化所做的全部工作。现在 IOC 容器中已经建立了整个 Bean 的配置信息,这些BeanDefinition 信息已经可以使用,并且可以被检索,IOC 容器的作用就是对这些注册的 Bean 定义信息进行处理和维护。这些注册的 Bean 定义信息是 IOC 容器控制反转的基础,正是有了这些注册的数据,容器才可以进行依赖注入。

基于Annotation的IOC初始化

Annotation的前世今生

​ 从Spring2.0以后的版本中,Spring也引入了基于注解(Annotation)方式的配置,注解(Annotation)是jdk1.5中引入的一个新特性,用于简化Bean的配置,可以取代XMl配置文件。开发人员对注解(Annotation)的态度也是萝卜白菜各有所爱,个人认为注解可以大大简化配置,提高开发速度,但也给后期维护增加了难度。目前来说Xml方式的发展相对成熟,方便于统一管理。随着SpringBoot的兴起,基于注解的开发甚至实现了零配置。但作为个人的习惯而言,还是倾向于XML配置文件和注解(Annotation)相互配合使用。Spring IOC容器对于累计别的注解和类内部的注解分为以下两种策略:

  1. 类级别的注解:@Component,@Repository,@Controller,Service以及JAVAEE6的@ManagedBean@Named注解,都是天价在类上面的类级别注解,Spring容器根据注解的规则扫描读取注解Bean定义类,并将其注册到SPring IOC容器中
  2. 类内部的注解:如Autowire@Value@Resource及EJB和WebService相关的注解等,都是添加在类内部的字段或者方法上的类内部注解,Spring IOC容器通过Bean后置注解处理器解析Bean内部的注解,下面通过这两种处理策略,分别分析Spring处理注解相关的源码。

定位Bean扫描路径

​ 在Spring中管理注解Bean定义的容器由两个:AnnotationConfigApplicationContextAnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext。这两个类时专门处理Spring注解方式配置的容器,直接依赖于注解作为容器配置信息来源的IOC容器。AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContextAnnotationConfigApplicationContext的Web版本,两者的用法以及对注解的处理方式几乎没有差别。

​ 如果我们在xml中这样配置那么会使用 AnnotationConfigApplicationContext,可以参考对应将配置载入内存中的解析自定义元素

通过xml去配置解析annotation

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context">

	<context:annotation-config/>
</beans?:L. 432

  87

上述使用 <context:annotation-config/>读取对应handler使用的是:org.springframework.context.config.ContextNamespaceHandler

在对应的

注册xml解析器

public class ContextNamespaceHandler extends NamespaceHandlerSupport {

  @Override
  public void init() {
    registerBeanDefinitionParser("property-placeholder", new PropertyPlaceholderBeanDefinitionParser());
    registerBeanDefinitionParser("property-override", new PropertyOverrideBeanDefinitionParser());
    registerBeanDefinitionParser("annotation-config", new AnnotationConfigBeanDefinitionParser());
    registerBeanDefinitionParser("component-scan", new ComponentScanBeanDefinitionParser());
    registerBeanDefinitionParser("load-time-weaver", new LoadTimeWeaverBeanDefinitionParser());
    registerBeanDefinitionParser("spring-configured", new SpringConfiguredBeanDefinitionParser());
    registerBeanDefinitionParser("mbean-export", new MBeanExportBeanDefinitionParser());
    registerBeanDefinitionParser("mbean-server", new MBeanServerBeanDefinitionParser());
  }
}

中定义解析annotation-config的是AnnotationConfigBeanDefinitionParser

所以我们查看AnnotationConfigBeanDefinitionParserparser方法

public class AnnotationConfigBeanDefinitionParser implements BeanDefinitionParser {

  @Override
  public BeanDefinition parse(Element element, ParserContext parserContext) {
    Object source = parserContext.extractSource(element);

    // Obtain bean definitions for all relevant BeanPostProcessors.
    //获取所有相关BeanPostProcessors的bean定义。
    Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> processorDefinitions =
      AnnotationConfigUtils.registerAnnotationConfigProcessors(parserContext.getRegistry(), source);

    // Register component for the surrounding <context:annotation-config> element.
    CompositeComponentDefinition compDefinition = new CompositeComponentDefinition(element.getTagName(), source);
    parserContext.pushContainingComponent(compDefinition);

    // Nest the concrete beans in the surrounding component.
    for (BeanDefinitionHolder processorDefinition : processorDefinitions) {
      parserContext.registerComponent(new BeanComponentDefinition(processorDefinition));
    }

    // Finally register the composite component.
    parserContext.popAndRegisterContainingComponent();

    return null;
  }
}

在其中

声明Processor

public class AnnotationConfigUtils {

  public static Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> registerAnnotationConfigProcessors(
    BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, Object source) {

    DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = unwrapDefaultListableBeanFactory(registry);
    if (beanFactory != null) {
      if (!(beanFactory.getDependencyComparator() instanceof AnnotationAwareOrderComparator)) {
        beanFactory.setDependencyComparator(AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.INSTANCE);
      }
      if (!(beanFactory.getAutowireCandidateResolver() instanceof ContextAnnotationAutowireCandidateResolver)) {
        beanFactory.setAutowireCandidateResolver(new ContextAnnotationAutowireCandidateResolver());
      }
    }

    Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> beanDefs = new LinkedHashSet<BeanDefinitionHolder>(4);

    //增加 ConfigurationClassPostProcessor
    if (!registry.containsBeanDefinition(CONFIGURATION_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
      RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.class);
      def.setSource(source);
      beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, CONFIGURATION_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
    }

    //增加 AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
    if (!registry.containsBeanDefinition(AUTOWIRED_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
      RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.class);
      def.setSource(source);
      beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, AUTOWIRED_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
    }

    //增加RequiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
    if (!registry.containsBeanDefinition(REQUIRED_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
      RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(RequiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.class);
      def.setSource(source);
      beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, REQUIRED_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
    }

    // Check for JSR-250 support, and if present add the CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.
    if (jsr250Present && !registry.containsBeanDefinition(COMMON_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
      RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.class);
      def.setSource(source);
      beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, COMMON_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
    }

    // Check for JPA support, and if present add the PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.
    if (jpaPresent && !registry.containsBeanDefinition(PERSISTENCE_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
      RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition();
      try {
        def.setBeanClass(ClassUtils.forName(PERSISTENCE_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_CLASS_NAME,
                                            AnnotationConfigUtils.class.getClassLoader()));
      }
      catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
        throw new IllegalStateException(
          "Cannot load optional framework class: " + PERSISTENCE_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_CLASS_NAME, ex);
      }
      def.setSource(source);
      beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, PERSISTENCE_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
    }

    //增加EventListenerMethodProcessor
    if (!registry.containsBeanDefinition(EVENT_LISTENER_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
      RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(EventListenerMethodProcessor.class);
      def.setSource(source);
      beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, EVENT_LISTENER_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
    }
    //增加
    if (!registry.containsBeanDefinition(EVENT_LISTENER_FACTORY_BEAN_NAME)) {
      RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(DefaultEventListenerFactory.class);
      def.setSource(source);
      beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, EVENT_LISTENER_FACTORY_BEAN_NAME));
    }

    return beanDefs;
  }
}

在上述默认增加了

AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor

​ 作用: 使用@autowired

``CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor`

​ 作用: 使用@Resource @PostConstruct @PreDestroy

PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor

​ 作用: 使用@PersistenceContext

RequiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor

​ 作用: 使用@Required

如果我们使用<Component-scan/>就可以不适用<context:annotation-config/>

image-20190524121205021

因为其都调用了AnnotationConfigUtilsregisterAnnotationConfigProcessors方法

直接使用AnnotationConfigApplicationContext

现在通过AnnotationConfigApplicationContext为例查看其源码

public class AnnotationConfigApplicationContext extends GenericApplicationContext implements AnnotationConfigRegistry {

	//保存一个读取注解的Bean定义读取器,并将其设置到容器中
	private final AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader reader;

	//保存一个扫描指定类路径中注解Bean定义的扫描器,并将其设置到容器中
	private final ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner scanner;

	//默认构造函数,初始化一个空容器,容器不包含任何 Bean 信息,需要在稍后通过调用其register()
	//方法注册配置类,并调用refresh()方法刷新容器,触发容器对注解Bean的载入、解析和注册过程
	public AnnotationConfigApplicationContext() {
		this.reader = new AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader(this);
		this.scanner = new ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(this);
	}

	/**
	 * Create a new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext with the given DefaultListableBeanFactory.
	 * @param beanFactory the DefaultListableBeanFactory instance to use for this context
	 */
	public AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
		super(beanFactory);
		this.reader = new AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader(this);
		this.scanner = new ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(this);
	}

	/**
	 * Create a new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext, deriving bean definitions
	 * from the given annotated classes and automatically refreshing the context.
	 * @param annotatedClasses one or more annotated classes,
	 * e.g. {@link Configuration @Configuration} classes
	 */
	//最常用的构造函数,通过将涉及到的配置类传递给该构造函数,以实现将相应配置类中的Bean自动注册到容器中
	public AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Class<?>... annotatedClasses) {
		this();
		register(annotatedClasses);
		refresh();
	}

	/**
	 * Create a new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext, scanning for bean definitions
	 * in the given packages and automatically refreshing the context.
	 * @param basePackages the packages to check for annotated classes
	 */
	//该构造函数会自动扫描以给定的包及其子包下的所有类,并自动识别所有的Spring Bean,将其注册到容器中
	public AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(String... basePackages) {
		this();
		scan(basePackages);
		refresh();
	}


	/**
	 * {@inheritDoc}
	 * <p>Delegates given environment to underlying {@link AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader}
	 * and {@link ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner} members.
	 */
	@Override
	public void setEnvironment(ConfigurableEnvironment environment) {
		super.setEnvironment(environment);
		this.reader.setEnvironment(environment);
		this.scanner.setEnvironment(environment);
	}

	//为容器的注解Bean读取器和注解Bean扫描器设置Bean名称产生器
	public void setBeanNameGenerator(BeanNameGenerator beanNameGenerator) {
		this.reader.setBeanNameGenerator(beanNameGenerator);
		this.scanner.setBeanNameGenerator(beanNameGenerator);
		getBeanFactory().registerSingleton(
				AnnotationConfigUtils.CONFIGURATION_BEAN_NAME_GENERATOR, beanNameGenerator);
	}


	//为容器的注解Bean读取器和注解Bean扫描器设置作用范围元信息解析器
	public void setScopeMetadataResolver(ScopeMetadataResolver scopeMetadataResolver) {
		this.reader.setScopeMetadataResolver(scopeMetadataResolver);
		this.scanner.setScopeMetadataResolver(scopeMetadataResolver);
	}

	//为容器注册一个要被处理的注解Bean,新注册的Bean,必须手动调用容器的
	//refresh()方法刷新容器,触发容器对新注册的Bean的处理
	public void register(Class<?>... annotatedClasses) {
		Assert.notEmpty(annotatedClasses, "At least one annotated class must be specified");
		this.reader.register(annotatedClasses);
	}


	//扫描指定包路径及其子包下的注解类,为了使新添加的类被处理,必须手动调用
	//refresh()方法刷新容器
	public void scan(String... basePackages) {
		Assert.notEmpty(basePackages, "At least one base package must be specified");
		this.scanner.scan(basePackages);
	}
}

​ 通过上述源码分析,我们可以看到Spring对注解的处理分成两种方式:

  1. 直接把注册Bean注册到容器中

    ​ 可以在初始化容器时注册,也可以在容器创建之后手动调用注册方法像容器注册,然后通过手动刷新容器,是的容器对注册的注解Bean进行处理

  2. 通过扫描指定的包以及其子包下的所有类

    ​ 在初始化注册容器式指定要自动扫描的路径,如果容器创建以后向给定路径动态的添加了注解Bean,则需要手动调用容器扫描的方法,然后手动刷新容器,使得容器对所注册的Bean进行处理。

接下来,对两种方式详细分析其具体实现过程

读取Annotation元数据

​ 当创建构建注解处理容器时,如果传入的初始参数是具体的注解Bean定义类时,注解容器读取并注册。

AnnotationConfigApplicationContext通过调用注解Bean定义读取器

AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReaderregister()方法向容器注册指定的注解Bean,注解Bean定义读取器想容器注册Bean的源码如下:

public class AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader {

  //注册多个注解Bean定义类
  public void register(Class<?>... annotatedClasses) {
    for (Class<?> annotatedClass : annotatedClasses) {
      registerBean(annotatedClass);
    }
  }


  //注册一个注解Bean定义类
  public void registerBean(Class<?> annotatedClass) {
    doRegisterBean(annotatedClass, null, null, null);
  }


  public <T> void registerBean(Class<T> annotatedClass, @Nullable Supplier<T> instanceSupplier) {
    doRegisterBean(annotatedClass, instanceSupplier, null, null);
  }
  //Bean定义读取器向容器注册注解Bean定义类
	<T> void doRegisterBean(Class<T> annotatedClass, @Nullable Supplier<T> instanceSupplier, @Nullable String name,
			@Nullable Class<? extends Annotation>[] qualifiers, BeanDefinitionCustomizer... definitionCustomizers) {

		//根据指定的注解Bean定义类,创建Spring容器中对注解Bean的封装的数据结构
		AnnotatedGenericBeanDefinition abd = new AnnotatedGenericBeanDefinition(annotatedClass);
		if (this.conditionEvaluator.shouldSkip(abd.getMetadata())) {
			return;
		}

		abd.setInstanceSupplier(instanceSupplier);
		//解析注解Bean定义的作用域,若@Scope("prototype"),则Bean为原型类型;
		//若@Scope("singleton"),则Bean为单态类型
		ScopeMetadata scopeMetadata = this.scopeMetadataResolver.resolveScopeMetadata(abd);
		//为注解Bean定义设置作用域
		abd.setScope(scopeMetadata.getScopeName());
		//为注解Bean定义生成Bean名称
		String beanName = (name != null ? name : this.beanNameGenerator.generateBeanName(abd, this.registry));

		//处理注解Bean定义中的通用注解
		AnnotationConfigUtils.processCommonDefinitionAnnotations(abd);
		//如果在向容器注册注解Bean定义时,使用了额外的限定符注解,则解析限定符注解。
		//主要是配置的关于autowiring自动依赖注入装配的限定条件,即@Qualifier注解
		//Spring自动依赖注入装配默认是按类型装配,如果使用@Qualifier则按名称
		if (qualifiers != null) {
			for (Class<? extends Annotation> qualifier : qualifiers) {
				//如果配置了@Primary注解,设置该Bean为autowiring自动依赖注入装//配时的首选
				if (Primary.class == qualifier) {
					abd.setPrimary(true);
				}
				//如果配置了@Lazy注解,则设置该Bean为非延迟初始化,如果没有配置,
				//则该Bean为预实例化
				else if (Lazy.class == qualifier) {
					abd.setLazyInit(true);
				}
				//如果使用了除@Primary和@Lazy以外的其他注解,则为该Bean添加一
				//个autowiring自动依赖注入装配限定符,该Bean在进autowiring
				//自动依赖注入装配时,根据名称装配限定符指定的Bean
				else {
					abd.addQualifier(new AutowireCandidateQualifier(qualifier));
				}
			}
		}
		for (BeanDefinitionCustomizer customizer : definitionCustomizers) {
			customizer.customize(abd);
		}

		//创建一个指定Bean名称的Bean定义对象,封装注解Bean定义类数据
		BeanDefinitionHolder definitionHolder = new BeanDefinitionHolder(abd, beanName);
		//根据注解Bean定义类中配置的作用域,创建相应的代理对象
		definitionHolder = AnnotationConfigUtils.applyScopedProxyMode(scopeMetadata, definitionHolder, this.registry);
		//向IOC容器注册注解Bean类定义对象
		BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.registerBeanDefinition(definitionHolder, this.registry);
	}

}

​ 从上述的源码可以看出,注册注解Bean定义类的基本步骤:

  • 需要使用注解元数据解析器AnnotationScopeMetadataResolverresolveScopeMetadata(BeanDefinition definition)解析注解Bean中关于作用域的配置
  • 使用AnnotationConfigUtilsprocessCommonDefinitionAnnotions()方法处理注解Bean定义类中通用的注解
  • 使用AnnotationConfigUtilsapplyScopedProxyMode()方法创建对于作用域的代理对象
  • 通过BeanDefinitionReaderUtils像容器注册Bean

接下来按照此步骤进行分析

AnnotationScopeMetadataResolver解析作用域元数据

AnnotationScopeMetadataResolverresolveScopeMetadata(BeanDefinition definition)解析注解Bean定义类的作用域原信息,即判断注册的Bean是原生类型prototype还是单例singleton类型

public class AnnotationScopeMetadataResolver implements ScopeMetadataResolver {

  //解析注解Bean定义类中的作用域元信息
  @Override
  public ScopeMetadata resolveScopeMetadata(BeanDefinition definition) {
    ScopeMetadata metadata = new ScopeMetadata();
    if (definition instanceof AnnotatedBeanDefinition) {
      AnnotatedBeanDefinition annDef = (AnnotatedBeanDefinition) definition;
      //从注解Bean定义类的属性中查找属性为”Scope”的值,即@Scope注解的值
      //annDef.getMetadata().getAnnotationAttributes()方法将Bean
      //中所有的注解和注解的值存放在一个map集合中
      AnnotationAttributes attributes = AnnotationConfigUtils.attributesFor(
        annDef.getMetadata(), this.scopeAnnotationType);
      //将获取到的@Scope注解的值设置到要返回的对象中
      if (attributes != null) {
        metadata.setScopeName(attributes.getString("value"));
        //获取@Scope注解中的proxyMode属性值,在创建代理对象时会用到
        ScopedProxyMode proxyMode = attributes.getEnum("proxyMode");
        //如果@Scope的proxyMode属性为DEFAULT或者NO
        if (proxyMode == ScopedProxyMode.DEFAULT) {
          //设置proxyMode为NO
          proxyMode = this.defaultProxyMode;
        }
        //为返回的元数据设置proxyMode
        metadata.setScopedProxyMode(proxyMode);
      }
    }
    //返回解析的作用域元信息对象
    return metadata;
  }
}

上述代码中的AnnotationAttributes attributes = AnnotationConfigUtils.attributesFor( annDef.getMetadata(), this.scopeAnnotationType);就是获取对象中指定类型的注解的值

AnnotationConfigUtils处理注释Bean定义类中的通用注解

AnnotationConfigUtilsprocessCommonDefinitionAnnotations在向容器注册bean之前,首先对注解Bean定义类中的通用Spring注解进行处理,源码如下

public class AnnotationConfigUtils {

  public static void processCommonDefinitionAnnotations(AnnotatedBeanDefinition abd) {
    processCommonDefinitionAnnotations(abd, abd.getMetadata());
  }

  //处理Bean定义中通用注解
  static void processCommonDefinitionAnnotations(AnnotatedBeanDefinition abd, AnnotatedTypeMetadata metadata) {
    AnnotationAttributes lazy = attributesFor(metadata, Lazy.class);
    //如果Bean定义中有@Lazy注解,则将该Bean预实例化属性设置为@lazy注解的值
    if (lazy != null) {
      abd.setLazyInit(lazy.getBoolean("value"));
    }

    else if (abd.getMetadata() != metadata) {
      lazy = attributesFor(abd.getMetadata(), Lazy.class);
      if (lazy != null) {
        abd.setLazyInit(lazy.getBoolean("value"));
      }
    }
    //如果Bean定义中有@Primary注解,则为该Bean设置为autowiring自动依赖注入装配的首选对象
    if (metadata.isAnnotated(Primary.class.getName())) {
      abd.setPrimary(true);
    }
    //如果Bean定义中有@ DependsOn注解,则为该Bean设置所依赖的Bean名称,
    //容器将确保在实例化该Bean之前首先实例化所依赖的Bean
    AnnotationAttributes dependsOn = attributesFor(metadata, DependsOn.class);
    if (dependsOn != null) {
      abd.setDependsOn(dependsOn.getStringArray("value"));
    }

    if (abd instanceof AbstractBeanDefinition) {
      AbstractBeanDefinition absBd = (AbstractBeanDefinition) abd;
      AnnotationAttributes role = attributesFor(metadata, Role.class);
      if (role != null) {
        absBd.setRole(role.getNumber("value").intValue());
      }
      AnnotationAttributes description = attributesFor(metadata, Description.class);
      if (description != null) {
        absBd.setDescription(description.getString("value"));
      }
    }
  }
}

AnnotationConfigUtils根据注解Bean定义类中配置的作用域为其应用相应的代理策略

​ AnnotationConfigUtils 类的 applyScopedProxyMode()方法根据注解 Bean 定义类中配置的作用域
@Scope 注解的值,为 Bean 定义应用相应的代理模式,主要是在 Spring 面向切面编程(AOP)中使用。
源码如下:

public class AnnotationConfigUtils {

  //根据作用域为Bean应用引用的代码模式
  static BeanDefinitionHolder applyScopedProxyMode(
    ScopeMetadata metadata, BeanDefinitionHolder definition, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {

    //获取注解Bean定义类中@Scope注解的proxyMode属性值
    ScopedProxyMode scopedProxyMode = metadata.getScopedProxyMode();
    //如果配置的@Scope注解的proxyMode属性值为NO,则不应用代理模式
    if (scopedProxyMode.equals(ScopedProxyMode.NO)) {
      return definition;
    }
    //获取配置的@Scope注解的proxyMode属性值,如果为TARGET_CLASS
    //则返回true,如果为INTERFACES,则返回false
    boolean proxyTargetClass = scopedProxyMode.equals(ScopedProxyMode.TARGET_CLASS);
    //为注册的Bean创建相应模式的代理对象
    return ScopedProxyCreator.createScopedProxy(definition, registry, proxyTargetClass);
  }
}


public abstract class ScopedProxyUtils {

  public static BeanDefinitionHolder createScopedProxy(BeanDefinitionHolder definition,
                                                       BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, boolean proxyTargetClass) {

    String originalBeanName = definition.getBeanName();
    BeanDefinition targetDefinition = definition.getBeanDefinition();
    String targetBeanName = getTargetBeanName(originalBeanName);

    // Create a scoped proxy definition for the original bean name,
    // "hiding" the target bean in an internal target definition.
    RootBeanDefinition proxyDefinition = new RootBeanDefinition(ScopedProxyFactoryBean.class);
    proxyDefinition.setDecoratedDefinition(new BeanDefinitionHolder(targetDefinition, targetBeanName));
    proxyDefinition.setOriginatingBeanDefinition(targetDefinition);
    proxyDefinition.setSource(definition.getSource());
    proxyDefinition.setRole(targetDefinition.getRole());

    proxyDefinition.getPropertyValues().add("targetBeanName", targetBeanName);
    if (proxyTargetClass) {
      targetDefinition.setAttribute(AutoProxyUtils.PRESERVE_TARGET_CLASS_ATTRIBUTE, Boolean.TRUE);
      // ScopedProxyFactoryBean's "proxyTargetClass" default is TRUE, so we don't need to set it explicitly here.
    }
    else {
      proxyDefinition.getPropertyValues().add("proxyTargetClass", Boolean.FALSE);
    }

    // Copy autowire settings from original bean definition.
    proxyDefinition.setAutowireCandidate(targetDefinition.isAutowireCandidate());
    proxyDefinition.setPrimary(targetDefinition.isPrimary());
    if (targetDefinition instanceof AbstractBeanDefinition) {
      proxyDefinition.copyQualifiersFrom((AbstractBeanDefinition) targetDefinition);
    }

    // The target bean should be ignored in favor of the scoped proxy.
    targetDefinition.setAutowireCandidate(false);
    targetDefinition.setPrimary(false);

    // Register the target bean as separate bean in the factory.
    registry.registerBeanDefinition(targetBeanName, targetDefinition);

    // Return the scoped proxy definition as primary bean definition
    // (potentially an inner bean).
    return new BeanDefinitionHolder(proxyDefinition, originalBeanName, definition.getAliases());
  }
}

BeanDefinitionReaderUtils向容器注册Bean

BeanDefinitionReaderUtils主要是校验BeanDefinition信息,然后将Bean添加到容器中一个管理BeanDefinition的HashMap中

//将解析的BeanDefinitionHold注册到容器中
public static void registerBeanDefinition(
      BeanDefinitionHolder definitionHolder, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry)
      throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {

   // Register bean definition under primary name.
   //获取解析的BeanDefinition的名称
   String beanName = definitionHolder.getBeanName();
   //向IOC容器注册BeanDefinition
   registry.registerBeanDefinition(beanName, definitionHolder.getBeanDefinition());

   // Register aliases for bean name, if any.
   //如果解析的BeanDefinition有别名,向容器为其注册别名
   String[] aliases = definitionHolder.getAliases();
   if (aliases != null) {
      for (String alias : aliases) {
         registry.registerAlias(beanName, alias);
      }
   }

扫描指定包并解析为BeanDefinition

​ 当创建注解处理容器时,如果传入的初始参数是注解Bean定义类所在的包是,注解容器将扫描给定的包及其子包,将扫描到的注解Bean定义载入并注册

ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner扫描给定的包及其子包

	//保存一个扫描指定类路径中注解Bean定义的扫描器,并将其设置到容器中
	private final ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner scanner;

	//默认构造函数,初始化一个空容器,容器不包含任何 Bean 信息,需要在稍后通过调用其register()
	//方法注册配置类,并调用refresh()方法刷新容器,触发容器对注解Bean的载入、解析和注册过程
	public AnnotationConfigApplicationContext() {
		this.reader = new AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader(this);
		this.scanner = new ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(this);
	}
	//该构造函数会自动扫描以给定的包及其子包下的所有类,并自动识别所有的Spring Bean,将其注册到容器中
	public AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(String... basePackages) {
		this();
		scan(basePackages);
		refresh();
	}

//扫描指定包路径及其子包下的注解类,为了使新添加的类被处理,必须手动调用
//refresh()方法刷新容器
public void scan(String... basePackages) {
  Assert.notEmpty(basePackages, "At least one base package must be specified");
  this.scanner.scan(basePackages);
}
public class ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner extends ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider {

  //创建一个类路径Bean定义扫描器
  public ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
    this(registry, true);
  }

  //为容器创建一个类路径Bean定义扫描器,并指定是否使用默认的扫描过滤规则。
  //即Spring默认扫描配置:@Component、@Repository、@Service、@Controller
  //注解的Bean,同时也支持JavaEE6的@ManagedBean和JSR-330的@Named注解
  public ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry,
                                        boolean useDefaultFilters) {
    this(registry, useDefaultFilters, getOrCreateEnvironment(registry));
  }
  public ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, 
                                        boolean useDefaultFilters,
                                        Environment environment) {
    this(registry, useDefaultFilters, environment,
         (registry instanceof ResourceLoader ? (ResourceLoader) registry : null));
  }
  public ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, 
                                        boolean useDefaultFilters,
                                        Environment environment, 
                                        @Nullable ResourceLoader resourceLoader) {

    Assert.notNull(registry, "BeanDefinitionRegistry must not be null");
    //为容器设置加载Bean定义的注册器
    this.registry = registry;

    if (useDefaultFilters) {
      registerDefaultFilters();
    }
    setEnvironment(environment);
    //为容器设置资源加载器
    setResourceLoader(resourceLoader);
  }

  //调用类路径Bean定义扫描器入口方法
  public int scan(String... basePackages) {
    //获取容器中已经注册的Bean个数
    int beanCountAtScanStart = this.registry.getBeanDefinitionCount();

    //启动扫描器扫描给定包
    doScan(basePackages);

    // Register annotation config processors, if necessary.
    //注册注解配置(Annotation config)处理器
    if (this.includeAnnotationConfig) {
      AnnotationConfigUtils.registerAnnotationConfigProcessors(this.registry);
    }

    //返回注册的Bean个数
    return (this.registry.getBeanDefinitionCount() - beanCountAtScanStart);
  }

  //类路径Bean定义扫描器扫描给定包及其子包
  protected Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> doScan(String... basePackages) {
    Assert.notEmpty(basePackages, "At least one base package must be specified");
    //创建一个集合,存放扫描到Bean定义的封装类
    Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> beanDefinitions = new LinkedHashSet<>();
    //遍历扫描所有给定的包
    for (String basePackage : basePackages) {
      //调用父类ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider的方法
      //扫描给定类路径,获取符合条件的Bean定义
      Set<BeanDefinition> candidates = findCandidateComponents(basePackage);
      //遍历扫描到的Bean
      for (BeanDefinition candidate : candidates) {
        //获取Bean定义类中@Scope注解的值,即获取Bean的作用域
        ScopeMetadata scopeMetadata = this.scopeMetadataResolver.resolveScopeMetadata(candidate);
        //为Bean设置注解配置的作用域
        candidate.setScope(scopeMetadata.getScopeName());
        //为Bean生成名称
        String beanName = this.beanNameGenerator.generateBeanName(candidate, this.registry);
        //如果扫描到的Bean不是Spring的注解Bean,则为Bean设置默认值,
        //设置Bean的自动依赖注入装配属性等
        if (candidate instanceof AbstractBeanDefinition) {
          postProcessBeanDefinition((AbstractBeanDefinition) candidate, beanName);
        }
        //如果扫描到的Bean是Spring的注解Bean,则处理其通用的Spring注解
        if (candidate instanceof AnnotatedBeanDefinition) {
          //处理注解Bean中通用的注解,在分析注解Bean定义类读取器时已经分析过
          AnnotationConfigUtils.processCommonDefinitionAnnotations((AnnotatedBeanDefinition) candidate);
        }
        //根据Bean名称检查指定的Bean是否需要在容器中注册,或者在容器中冲突
        if (checkCandidate(beanName, candidate)) {
          BeanDefinitionHolder definitionHolder = new BeanDefinitionHolder(candidate, beanName);
          //根据注解中配置的作用域,为Bean应用相应的代理模式
          definitionHolder =
            AnnotationConfigUtils.applyScopedProxyMode(scopeMetadata, definitionHolder, this.registry);
          beanDefinitions.add(definitionHolder);
          //向容器注册扫描到的Bean
          registerBeanDefinition(definitionHolder, this.registry);
        }
      }
    }
    return beanDefinitions;
  }
}

ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider扫描给定包及其子包的类

ClassPathScanningCanididateComponentProvider类的findCandidateComponents()方法具体实现扫描类给定类路径包的功能,主要源码如下:

public class ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider implements EnvironmentCapable, ResourceLoaderAware {
  //向容器注册过滤规则
  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
  protected void registerDefaultFilters() {
    //向要包含的过滤规则中添加@Component注解类,注意Spring中@Repository
    //@Service和@Controller都是Component,因为这些注解都添加了@Component注解
    this.includeFilters.add(new AnnotationTypeFilter(Component.class));
    //获取当前类的类加载器
    ClassLoader cl = ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.class.getClassLoader();
    try {
      //向要包含的过滤规则添加JavaEE6的@ManagedBean注解
      this.includeFilters.add(new AnnotationTypeFilter(
        ((Class<? extends Annotation>) ClassUtils.forName("javax.annotation.ManagedBean", cl)), false));
      logger.debug("JSR-250 'javax.annotation.ManagedBean' found and supported for component scanning");
    }
    catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
      // JSR-250 1.1 API (as included in Java EE 6) not available - simply skip.
    }
    try {
      //向要包含的过滤规则添加@Named注解
      this.includeFilters.add(new AnnotationTypeFilter(
        ((Class<? extends Annotation>) ClassUtils.forName("javax.inject.Named", cl)), false));
      logger.debug("JSR-330 'javax.inject.Named' annotation found and supported for component scanning");
    }
    catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
      // JSR-330 API not available - simply skip.
    }
  }
  //扫描给定类路径的包
  public Set<BeanDefinition> findCandidateComponents(String basePackage) {
    if (this.componentsIndex != null && indexSupportsIncludeFilters()) {
      return addCandidateComponentsFromIndex(this.componentsIndex, basePackage);
    }
    else {
      return scanCandidateComponents(basePackage);
    }
  }
  private Set<BeanDefinition> addCandidateComponentsFromIndex(CandidateComponentsIndex index, String basePackage) {
    //创建存储扫描到的类的集合
    Set<BeanDefinition> candidates = new LinkedHashSet<>();
    try {
      Set<String> types = new HashSet<>();
      for (TypeFilter filter : this.includeFilters) {
        String stereotype = extractStereotype(filter);
        if (stereotype == null) {
          throw new IllegalArgumentException("Failed to extract stereotype from "+ filter);
        }
        types.addAll(index.getCandidateTypes(basePackage, stereotype));
      }
      boolean traceEnabled = logger.isTraceEnabled();
      boolean debugEnabled = logger.isDebugEnabled();
      for (String type : types) {
        //为指定资源获取元数据读取器,元信息读取器通过汇编(ASM)读//取资源元信息
        MetadataReader metadataReader = getMetadataReaderFactory().getMetadataReader(type);
        //如果扫描到的类符合容器配置的过滤规则
        if (isCandidateComponent(metadataReader)) {
          //通过汇编(ASM)读取资源字节码中的Bean定义元信息
          AnnotatedGenericBeanDefinition sbd = new AnnotatedGenericBeanDefinition(
            metadataReader.getAnnotationMetadata());
          if (isCandidateComponent(sbd)) {
            if (debugEnabled) {
              logger.debug("Using candidate component class from index: " + type);
            }
            candidates.add(sbd);
          }
          else {
            if (debugEnabled) {
              logger.debug("Ignored because not a concrete top-level class: " + type);
            }
          }
        }
        else {
          if (traceEnabled) {
            logger.trace("Ignored because matching an exclude filter: " + type);
          }
        }
      }
    }
    catch (IOException ex) {
      throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException("I/O failure during classpath scanning", ex);
    }
    return candidates;
  }

  private Set<BeanDefinition> scanCandidateComponents(String basePackage) {
    Set<BeanDefinition> candidates = new LinkedHashSet<>();
    try {
      String packageSearchPath = ResourcePatternResolver.CLASSPATH_ALL_URL_PREFIX +
        resolveBasePackage(basePackage) + '/' + this.resourcePattern;
      Resource[] resources = getResourcePatternResolver().getResources(packageSearchPath);
      boolean traceEnabled = logger.isTraceEnabled();
      boolean debugEnabled = logger.isDebugEnabled();
      for (Resource resource : resources) {
        if (traceEnabled) {
          logger.trace("Scanning " + resource);
        }
        if (resource.isReadable()) {
          try {
            MetadataReader metadataReader = getMetadataReaderFactory().getMetadataReader(resource);
            if (isCandidateComponent(metadataReader)) {
              ScannedGenericBeanDefinition sbd = new ScannedGenericBeanDefinition(metadataReader);
              sbd.setResource(resource);
              sbd.setSource(resource);
              if (isCandidateComponent(sbd)) {
                if (debugEnabled) {
                  logger.debug("Identified candidate component class: " + resource);
                }
                candidates.add(sbd);
              }
              else {
                if (debugEnabled) {
                  logger.debug("Ignored because not a concrete top-level class: " + resource);
                }
              }
            }
            else {
              if (traceEnabled) {
                logger.trace("Ignored because not matching any filter: " + resource);
              }
            }
          }
          catch (Throwable ex) {
            throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
              "Failed to read candidate component class: " + resource, ex);
          }
        }
        else {
          if (traceEnabled) {
            logger.trace("Ignored because not readable: " + resource);
          }
        }
      }
    }
    catch (IOException ex) {
      throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException("I/O failure during classpath scanning", ex);
    }
    return candidates;
  }
}

注册注解BeanDefinition

AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContextAnnotationConfigApplicationContext的WEB版,他们对于注解Bean的注册和扫描是基本相同的,但是AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext对注解Bean定义的载入稍有不同,AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext注入注解Bean定义源码如下

@Override
protected void loadBeanDefinitions(DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
   //为容器设置注解Bean定义读取器
   AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader reader = getAnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader(beanFactory);
   //为容器设置类路径Bean定义扫描器
   ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner scanner = getClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(beanFactory);

   //获取容器的Bean名称生成器
   BeanNameGenerator beanNameGenerator = getBeanNameGenerator();
   //为注解Bean定义读取器和类路径扫描器设置Bean名称生成器
   if (beanNameGenerator != null) {
      reader.setBeanNameGenerator(beanNameGenerator);
      scanner.setBeanNameGenerator(beanNameGenerator);
      beanFactory.registerSingleton(AnnotationConfigUtils.CONFIGURATION_BEAN_NAME_GENERATOR, beanNameGenerator);
   }

   //获取容器的作用域元信息解析器
   ScopeMetadataResolver scopeMetadataResolver = getScopeMetadataResolver();
   //为注解Bean定义读取器和类路径扫描器设置作用域元信息解析器
   if (scopeMetadataResolver != null) {
      reader.setScopeMetadataResolver(scopeMetadataResolver);
      scanner.setScopeMetadataResolver(scopeMetadataResolver);
   }

   if (!this.annotatedClasses.isEmpty()) {
      if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
         logger.info("Registering annotated classes: [" +
               StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(this.annotatedClasses) + "]");
      }
      reader.register(this.annotatedClasses.toArray(new Class<?>[this.annotatedClasses.size()]));
   }

   if (!this.basePackages.isEmpty()) {
      if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
         logger.info("Scanning base packages: [" +
               StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(this.basePackages) + "]");
      }
      scanner.scan(this.basePackages.toArray(new String[this.basePackages.size()]));
   }

   //获取容器定义的Bean定义资源路径
   String[] configLocations = getConfigLocations();
   //如果定位的Bean定义资源路径不为空
   if (configLocations != null) {
      for (String configLocation : configLocations) {
         try {
            //使用当前容器的类加载器加载定位路径的字节码类文件
            Class<?> clazz = ClassUtils.forName(configLocation, getClassLoader());
            if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
               logger.info("Successfully resolved class for [" + configLocation + "]");
            }
            reader.register(clazz);
         }
         catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
            if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
               logger.debug("Could not load class for config location [" + configLocation +
                     "] - trying package scan. " + ex);
            }
            //如果容器类加载器加载定义路径的Bean定义资源失败
            //则启用容器类路径扫描器扫描给定路径包及其子包中的类
            int count = scanner.scan(configLocation);
            if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
               if (count == 0) {
                  logger.info("No annotated classes found for specified class/package [" + configLocation + "]");
               }
               else {
                  logger.info("Found " + count + " annotated classes in package [" + configLocation + "]");
               }
            }
         }
      }
   }
}

IOC容器初始化小结

​ 现在通过上面的代码,总结一下IOC容器初始化的基本步骤:

​ 1.初始化的入口在容器实现中的refresh()调用来完成

​ 2.对Bean定义载入IOC容器使用的方式是loadBeanDefinition()

​ 其中的大致过程如下:

​ 通过ResouceLoader来完成资源文件位置的定位,DefaultResourceLoader是默认的实现,同时上下文本身就给出了ResourceLoader的实现,可以从类路径,文件系统,URL等方式来定位资源文件,如果是XmlBeanFactory作为IOC容器,那么需要为它指定Bean定义的资源,也就是说Bean定义文件是通过抽象成Resouce来呗IOC容器处理的,容器通过BeanDefinitionReader来完成定义信息的解析和Bean信息的注册,往往使用的是XmlBeanDefintionReader来解析Bean的XML定义文件,实际处理过程是委托给BeanDefinitionParserDelegate来完成的,从而得到Bean的定义信息,这些信息在Spring中使用BeanDefinition对象来表示,这个名字可以让我们想到loadBeanDefinition(),registerBeanDefinition()这些相关方法,他们都是为处理BeanDefinition服务的,容器解析得到BeanDefiniton以后,需要把它在IOC容器中注册,这由IOC实现BeanDefinitionRegistry接口来实现。注册过程就是在IOC容器内部维护的一个HashMap来保存得到的BeanDefinition的过程,这个HashMap是IOC容器持有的Bean信息的场所,以后对Bean的操作都是围绕这个HashMap来实现的。

​ 然后我们就可以使用BeanFactoryApplicationContext来享受到SpringIOC的服务了,在使用IOC容器的时候,我们注意到除了少量粘合代码,绝大多数以正确IOC风格编写的应用程序代码完全不用关心如何到达工厂,因为容器把这些对象和容器管理的其他对象关联在一起,基本的策略是把工厂放到已知的地方,最好是放在对预期使用的上下文有意义的地方,以及代码将实际需要访问工厂的地方。Spring本身提供了对声明式载入web应用程序用法的应用程序上下文,将其存储在ServletContext的框架实现。

ioc容器时序图

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