RTTI

RTTI

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• RTTI（runtime type information） 运行时类型信息

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dynamic_cast

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• 安全的向下转型，用于多态类的向下转型

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#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Shape
{
public:
    virtual void Draw()
    {
        cout << "Shape::Draw ..." << endl;
    }
};
class Circle : public Shape
{
public:
    void Draw()
    {
        cout << "Circle::Draw ..." << endl;
    }
};
class Square : public Shape
{
public:
    void Draw()
    {
        cout << "Square::Draw ..." << endl;
    }
};

int main(void)
{
    Shape *p;
    Circle* cp = dynamic_cast<Circle*>(p);
    cp->Draw();
    Circle c;
    p = &c;
    if (dynamic_cast<Circle*>(p))
    {
        cout << "p is a point to Circle object." << endl;
    }
    else if (dynamic_cast<Square*>(p))
    {
        cout << "p is a point to Square object." << endl;
    }
    else
    {
        cout << "p is a point to other object." << endl;
    }
    return 0;
}

输出结果：

typeid运算符

将上例中的main函数修改如下：

int main(void)
{
    Shape *p;
    Circle c;
    p = &c;
    cout << typeid(Circle).name() << endl;
    cout << typeid(*p).name() << endl;
    if(typeid(Circle).name() == typeid(*p).name())
    {
        cout << "p is a point to Circle object." << endl;
    }
    else if(typeid(Square).name() == typeid(*p).name())
    {
        cout << "p is a point to Square object." << endl;
    }
    else
    {
        cout << "p is a point to other object." << endl;
    }
    return 0;
}

输出结果：

需要注意的是，无论上述哪种方法，都没有多态使用起来简便！