发送GET方法的请求
/**
* 向指定URL发送GET方法的请求
* @param url 发送请求的URL
* @param param 请求参数,格式:name1=value1&name2=value2
* @return String 响应结果
*/
public static String sendGet(String url, String param) {
String result = "";
BufferedReader in = null;
try {
String urlNameString = url + "?" + param;
URL realUrl = new URL(urlNameString);
// 打开和URL之间的连接
HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection)realUrl.openConnection();
// 设置通用的请求属性
connection.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
connection.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
connection.setRequestProperty("user-agent",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)");
// 建立实际的连接
connection.connect();
// 获取所有响应头字段
Map<String, List<String>> map = connection.getHeaderFields();
// 遍历所有的响应头字段
for (String key : map.keySet()) {
System.out.println(key + "--->" + map.get(key));
}
// 定义 BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
connection.getInputStream()));
String line;
while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
result += line;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("发送GET请求出现异常!" + e);
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 使用finally块来关闭输入流
finally {
try {
if (in != null) {
in.close();
}
} catch (Exception e2) {
e2.printStackTrace();
}
}
return result;
}
发送POST方法的请求
/**
* 向指定 URL 发送POST方法的请求
* @param url 发送请求的 URL
* @param param 请求参数,格式: name1=value1&name2=value2
* @return 响应结果
*/
public static String sendPost(String url, String param) {
PrintWriter out = null;
BufferedReader in = null;
String result = "";
try {
URL realUrl = new URL(url);
// 打开和URL之间的连接
URLConnection conn = realUrl.openConnection();
// 设置通用的请求属性
conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
conn.setRequestProperty("user-agent",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)");
// 发送POST请求必须设置如下两行
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setDoInput(true);
// 获取URLConnection对象对应的输出流
out = new PrintWriter(conn.getOutputStream());
// 发送请求参数
out.print(param);
// flush输出流的缓冲
out.flush();
// 定义BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
String line;
while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
result += line;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("发送 POST 请求出现异常!"+e);
e.printStackTrace();
}
//使用finally块来关闭输出流、输入流
finally{
try{
if(out!=null){
out.close();
}
if(in!=null){
in.close();
}
}
catch(IOException ex){
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
return result;
}
发送参数为json类型的POST请求
/**
发送HttpPost请求
* @param strURL 服务地址
* @param params Map类型的参数,再用JSONUtils工具把map转化成json
* @return 成功:返回json字符串<br/>
*/
public static String jsonPost(String strURL, Map<String, String> params) {
try {
URL url = new URL(strURL);// 创建连接
HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
connection.setDoOutput(true);
connection.setDoInput(true);
connection.setUseCaches(false);
connection.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true);
connection.setRequestMethod("POST"); // 设置请求方式
connection.setRequestProperty("Accept", "application/json"); // 设置接收数据的格式
connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json"); // 设置发送数据的格式
connection.connect();
OutputStreamWriter out = new OutputStreamWriter(connection.getOutputStream(), "UTF-8"); // utf-8编码
out.append(JSONUtils.obj2String(params));
out.flush();
out.close();
int code = connection.getResponseCode();
InputStream is = null;
if (code == 200) {
is = connection.getInputStream();
} else {
is = connection.getErrorStream();
}
// 读取响应
int length = (int) connection.getContentLength();// 获取长度
if (length != -1) {
byte[] data = new byte[length];
byte[] temp = new byte[512];
int readLen = 0;
int destPos = 0;
while ((readLen = is.read(temp)) > 0) {
System.arraycopy(temp, 0, data, destPos, readLen);
destPos += readLen;
}
String result = new String(data, "UTF-8"); // utf-8编码
System.out.println(result);
return result;
}
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("Exception occur when send http post request!", e);
System.out.println(e);
}
return "error"; // 自定义错误信息
}
完整代码
HttpRequest.java
/**
* Created by pc on 2018/6/29.
*/
import java.io.*;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
public class HttpRequest {
/**
* 向指定URL发送GET方法的请求
* @param url 发送请求的URL
* @param param 请求参数,格式:name1=value1&name2=value2
* @return String 响应结果
*/
public static String sendGet(String url, String param) {
String result = "";
BufferedReader in = null;
try {
String urlNameString = url + "?" + param;
URL realUrl = new URL(urlNameString);
// 打开和URL之间的连接
HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection)realUrl.openConnection();
// 设置通用的请求属性
connection.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
connection.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
connection.setRequestProperty("user-agent",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)");
// 建立实际的连接
connection.connect();
// 获取所有响应头字段
Map<String, List<String>> map = connection.getHeaderFields();
// 遍历所有的响应头字段
for (String key : map.keySet()) {
System.out.println(key + "--->" + map.get(key));
}
// 定义 BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
connection.getInputStream()));
String line;
while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
result += line;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("发送GET请求出现异常!" + e);
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 使用finally块来关闭输入流
finally {
try {
if (in != null) {
in.close();
}
} catch (Exception e2) {
e2.printStackTrace();
}
}
return result;
}
/**
* 向指定 URL 发送POST方法的请求
* @param url 发送请求的 URL
* @param param 请求参数,格式: name1=value1&name2=value2
* @return 响应结果
*/
public static String sendPost(String url, String param) {
PrintWriter out = null;
BufferedReader in = null;
String result = "";
try {
URL realUrl = new URL(url);
// 打开和URL之间的连接
URLConnection conn = realUrl.openConnection();
// 设置通用的请求属性
conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
conn.setRequestProperty("user-agent",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)");
// 发送POST请求必须设置如下两行
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setDoInput(true);
// 获取URLConnection对象对应的输出流
out = new PrintWriter(conn.getOutputStream());
// 发送请求参数
out.print(param);
// flush输出流的缓冲
out.flush();
// 定义BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
String line;
while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
result += line;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("发送 POST 请求出现异常!"+e);
e.printStackTrace();
}
//使用finally块来关闭输出流、输入流
finally{
try{
if(out!=null){
out.close();
}
if(in!=null){
in.close();
}
}
catch(IOException ex){
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
return result;
}
/**
发送HttpPost请求
* @param strURL 服务地址
* @param params 传入Map类型的参数,再用JSONUtils工具把map转化成json
* @return 成功:返回json字符串<br/>
*/
public static String jsonPost(String strURL, Map<String, String> params) {
try {
URL url = new URL(strURL);// 创建连接
HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
connection.setDoOutput(true);
connection.setDoInput(true);
connection.setUseCaches(false);
connection.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true);
connection.setRequestMethod("POST"); // 设置请求方式
connection.setRequestProperty("Accept", "application/json"); // 设置接收数据的格式
connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json"); // 设置发送数据的格式
connection.connect();
OutputStreamWriter out = new OutputStreamWriter(connection.getOutputStream(), "UTF-8"); // utf-8编码
out.append(JSONUtils.obj2String(params));
out.flush();
out.close();
int code = connection.getResponseCode();
InputStream is = null;
if (code == 200) {
is = connection.getInputStream();
} else {
is = connection.getErrorStream();
}
// 读取响应
int length = (int) connection.getContentLength();// 获取长度
if (length != -1) {
byte[] data = new byte[length];
byte[] temp = new byte[512];
int readLen = 0;
int destPos = 0;
while ((readLen = is.read(temp)) > 0) {
System.arraycopy(temp, 0, data, destPos, readLen);
destPos += readLen;
}
String result = new String(data, "UTF-8"); // utf-8编码
System.out.println(result);
return result;
}
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println(e);
}
return "error"; // 自定义错误信息
}
}
JSONUtils.java
package com.chinawayltd.test;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.DeserializationConfig;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.ObjectMapper;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.SerializationConfig;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.annotate.JsonSerialize.Inclusion;
import org.codehaus.jackson.type.JavaType;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
/**
* Created by pc on 2018/6/29.
*/
public class JSONUtils {
private static ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
static {
// 对象字段全部列入
objectMapper.setSerializationInclusion(Inclusion.NON_DEFAULT);
// 取消默认转换timestamps形式
objectMapper.configure(SerializationConfig.Feature.WRITE_DATES_AS_TIMESTAMPS,false);
// 忽略空bean转json的错误
objectMapper.configure(SerializationConfig.Feature.FAIL_ON_EMPTY_BEANS,false);
// 统一日期格式yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss
objectMapper.setDateFormat(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));
// 忽略在json字符串中存在,但是在java对象中不存在对应属性的情况
objectMapper.configure(DeserializationConfig.Feature.FAIL_ON_UNKNOWN_PROPERTIES,false);
}
/**
* Object转json字符串
* @param obj
* @param <T>
* @return
*/
public static <T> String obj2String(T obj){
if (obj == null){
return null;
}
try {
return obj instanceof String ? (String) obj : objectMapper.writeValueAsString(obj);
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("Parse object to String error");
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
/**
* Object转json字符串并格式化美化
* @param obj
* @param <T>
* @return
*/
public static <T> String obj2StringPretty(T obj){
if (obj == null){
return null;
}
try {
return obj instanceof String ? (String) obj : objectMapper.writerWithDefaultPrettyPrinter().writeValueAsString(obj);
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("Parse object to String error");
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
/**
* string转object 用于转为集合对象
* @param str json字符串
* @param collectionClass 被转集合class
* @param elementClasses 被转集合中对象类型class
* @param <T>
* @return
*/
public static <T> T string2Obj(String str,Class<?> collectionClass,Class<?>... elementClasses){
JavaType javaType = objectMapper.getTypeFactory().constructParametricType(collectionClass,elementClasses);
try {
return objectMapper.readValue(str,javaType);
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("Parse String to Object error");
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
}