.net(c#)中ref的特殊用法

我们都知道ref 关键字使参数按引用传递。其效果是，当控制权传递回调用方法时，在方法中对参数所做的任何更改都将反映在该变量中。若要使用 ref 参数，则方法定义和调用方法都必须显式使用 ref 关键字。对传值调用使用ref相信大家都有经验,对传递本身就是引用类型的参数有什么别的不同吗?请看例子:

using System;

 

namespace ConsoleApplication2

{

    public class Employee

    {

        private string name;

 

        public Employee()

        {

        }

 

        public string Name

        {

            get { return name; }

            set { name = value; }

       }

 

    }

 

    public class Test

    {

        public static void CallEmployee(Employee e)

        {

            e.Name = "Zhang";

        }

        public static void CallEmployeeByRef(ref Employee e)

        {

            e.Name = "Zhang";

        }

        public static void CallNewEmployee(Employee e)

        {

            e = new Employee();

            e.Name = "li";

        }

        public static void CallNewEmployeeByRef(ref Employee e)

        {

            e = new Employee();

            e.Name = "li";

        }

        public static void Main()

        {

            Employee E1 = new Employee();

            E1.Name = "Wang";

            CallEmployee(E1);

            Console.WriteLine(E1.Name);

            Employee E2 = E1;

            CallEmployeeByRef(ref E2);

            Console.WriteLine(E2.Name);

            if (Object.ReferenceEquals(E1, E2))

            {

                Console.WriteLine("Equals.");

            }

            else

            {

                Console.WriteLine("Not Equals.");

            }

 

            Employee E3 = new Employee();

            E3.Name = "Wang";

            CallNewEmployee(E3);

            Console.WriteLine(E3.Name);

            Employee E4 = E3;

            CallNewEmployeeByRef(ref E4);

            Console.WriteLine(E4.Name);

            if (Object.ReferenceEquals(E3, E4))

            {

                Console.WriteLine("Equals.");

            }

            else

            {

                Console.WriteLine("Not Equals.");

            }

        }

    }

}

第一次输出“Equals.”，而第二次输出“Not Equals.”。可见，不光按引用传递值类型是有用的， ref 对于传递引用类型也是很有用的。这允许被调用的方法修改该引用所引用的对象，因为引用本身是按引用来传递的。上面的示例显示出当引用类型作为 ref 参数传递时，可以更改对象本身。