iOS开发之微信聊天工具栏的封装

最新推荐文章于 2021-07-19 14:30:50 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-07-19 14:30:50 发布

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iOS开发之微信聊天工具栏的封装

转自：http://www.aiweibang.com/m/detail/2028396.html

微信大家肯定都非常熟悉，它的产品经理张小龙已经是圈内神一样的人物，所以它的设计必定有可学习借鉴之处，今天我们就来实践“山寨”一下，实现微信具体的功能，先从微信的聊天界面开始。提到封装是少不了写代码的，在封装组件的时候，为了组件的可移植性，我们就不能用 storyboard来拖拽了。为了屏幕的适配，适应不同屏幕的手机，所以在封装组件的时候是少不了为我们的组件来添加约束。今天文章中的所有代码都是脱离storyboard的，这些代码在别的工程中也是可以使用的。好，废话少说，切入正题。

今天要做的就是微信的聊天工具条。聊天工具条还是比较复杂的，其中包括发送表情，发送文字，发送图片，发送声音，拍照等等功能，下面给出发送录音，文字，表情的代码，其他的和这几样类似。还是那句话百字不如一图，先来几张效果图吧。

在封装聊天工具条的的时候表情键盘是之前封装好的，所以拿过来就可以用的啦。因为不管是工具条还是表情键盘都是用约束来控件大小的，所以横屏也是没问题的，在大屏手机上也是没问题的。下面将会一步步讲解如何封装下面的聊天工具条。主要是对工具条的封装，表情键盘在这就不做讲解了。

一：ToolView预留的接口

在封装ToolView中主要用到Block回调，读者可以根据自己的个人习惯来选择是Block回调，还是委托回调或者是目标动作回调（笔者更喜欢Block回调）,下面的代码是ToolView给调用者提供的接口

//
//  ToolView.h
//  MecroMessage
//
//  Created by （青玉伏案：博客地址（http://www.cnblogs.com/ludashi/）） on 14-9-22.
//  Copyright (c) 2014年 Mrli. All rights reserved.
//
#import //定义block类型把ToolView中TextView中的文字传入到Controller中
typedef void (^MyTextBlock) (NSString *myText);
//录音时的音量
typedef void (^AudioVolumeBlock) (CGFloat volume);
//录音存储地址
typedef void (^AudioURLBlock) (NSURL *audioURL);
//改变根据文字改变TextView的高度
typedef void (^ContentSizeBlock)(CGSize contentSize);
//录音取消的回调
typedef void (^CancelRecordBlock)(int flag);
@interface ToolView : UIView//设置MyTextBlock
-(void) setMyTextBlock:(MyTextBlock)block;
//设置声音回调
-(void) setAudioVolumeBlock:(AudioVolumeBlock) block;
//设置录音地址回调
-(void) setAudioURLBlock:(AudioURLBlock) block;
-(void)setContentSizeBlock:(ContentSizeBlock) block;
-(void)setCancelRecordBlock:(CancelRecordBlock)block;
-(void) changeFunctionHeight: (float) height;
@end

二：初始化ToolView中所需的控件

1.为了更好的封装我们的组件，在.h中预留接口，在ToolView.m的延展中添加我们要使用的组件（私有属性），延展代码如下：

@interface ToolView()
//最左边发送语音的按钮
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIButton *voiceChangeButton;
//发送语音的按钮
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIButton *sendVoiceButton;
//文本视图
@property (nonatomic, strong) UITextView *sendTextView;
//切换键盘
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIButton *changeKeyBoardButton;
//More
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIButton *moreButton;
//键盘坐标系的转换
@property (nonatomic, assign) CGRect endKeyBoardFrame;
//表情键盘
@property (nonatomic, strong) FunctionView *functionView;
//more
@property (nonatomic, strong) MoreView *moreView;
//数据model
@property (strong, nonatomic) ImageModelClass  *imageMode;
@property (strong, nonatomic)HistoryImage *tempImage;
//传输文字的block回调
@property (strong, nonatomic) MyTextBlock textBlock;
//contentsinz
@property (strong, nonatomic) ContentSizeBlock sizeBlock;
//传输volome的block回调
@property (strong, nonatomic) AudioVolumeBlock volumeBlock;
//传输录音地址
@property (strong, nonatomic) AudioURLBlock urlBlock;
//录音取消
@property (strong, nonatomic) CancelRecordBlock cancelBlock;
//添加录音功能的属性
@property (strong, nonatomic) AVAudioRecorder *audioRecorder;
@property (strong, nonatomic) NSTimer *timer;
@property (strong, nonatomic) NSURL *audioPlayURL;
@end

2. 接受相应的Block回调,把block传入ToolView中，代码如下：

-(void)setMyTextBlock:(MyTextBlock)block
{
    self.textBlock = block;
}
-(void)setAudioVolumeBlock:(AudioVolumeBlock)block
{
    self.volumeBlock = block;
}
-(void)setAudioURLBlock:(AudioURLBlock)block
{
    self.urlBlock = block;
}
-(void)setContentSizeBlock:(ContentSizeBlock)block
{
    self.sizeBlock = block;
}
-(void)setCancelRecordBlock:(CancelRecordBlock)block
{
    self.cancelBlock = block;
}

3. 控件的初始化，纯代码添加ToolView中要用到的组件（分配内存，配置相应的属性），因为是自定义组件的封装，所以我们的storyboard就用不上啦，添加控件的代码如下：

//控件的初始化
-(void) addSubview
{
    self.voiceChangeButton = [[UIButton alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectZero];
    [self.voiceChangeButton setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"chat_bottom_voice_press.png"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [self.voiceChangeButton addTarget:self action:@selector(tapVoiceChangeButton:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
    [self addSubview:self.voiceChangeButton];
     
    self.sendVoiceButton = [[UIButton alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectZero];
    [self.sendVoiceButton setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"chat_bottom_textfield.png"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [self.sendVoiceButton setTitleColor:[UIColor blackColor] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [self.sendVoiceButton setTitle:@"按住说话" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
     
     
    [self.sendVoiceButton addTarget:self action:@selector(tapSendVoiceButton:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
    self.sendVoiceButton.hidden = YES;
    [self addSubview:self.sendVoiceButton];
     
    self.sendTextView = [[UITextView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectZero];
    self.sendTextView.delegate = self;
    [self addSubview:self.sendTextView];
     
    self.changeKeyBoardButton = [[UIButton alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectZero];
    [self.changeKeyBoardButton setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"chat_bottom_smile_nor.png"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [self.changeKeyBoardButton
 addTarget:self action:@selector(tapChangeKeyBoardButton:) 
forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
    [self addSubview:self.changeKeyBoardButton];
     
    self.moreButton = [[UIButton alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectZero];
    [self.moreButton setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"chat_bottom_up_nor.png"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [self.moreButton addTarget:self action:@selector(tapMoreButton:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
    [self addSubview:self.moreButton];
     
    [self addDone];
     
     
     
    //实例化FunctionView
    self.functionView = [[FunctionView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 320, 216)];
    self.functionView.backgroundColor = [UIColor blackColor];
     
    //设置资源加载的文件名
    self.functionView.plistFileName = @"emoticons";
     
    __weak __block ToolView *copy_self = self;
    //获取图片并显示
    [self.functionView setFunctionBlock:^(UIImage *image, NSString *imageText)
     {
         NSString *str = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@%@",copy_self.sendTextView.text, imageText];
          
         copy_self.sendTextView.text = str;
          
         //把使用过的图片存入sqlite
         NSData *imageData = UIImagePNGRepresentation(image);
         [copy_self.imageMode save:imageData ImageText:imageText];
     }];
     
     
    //给sendTextView添加轻击手势
    UITapGestureRecognizer *tapGesture = [[UITapGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(tapGesture:)];
    [self.sendTextView addGestureRecognizer:tapGesture];
     
     
    //给sendVoiceButton添加长按手势
    UILongPressGestureRecognizer
 *longPress = [[UILongPressGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self 
action:@selector(sendVoiceButtonLongPress:)];
    //设置长按时间
    longPress.minimumPressDuration = 0.2;
    [self.sendVoiceButton addGestureRecognizer:longPress];
     
    //实例化MoreView
    self.moreView = [[MoreView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 0, 0)];
    self.moreView.backgroundColor = [UIColor blackColor];
    [self.moreView setMoreBlock:^(NSInteger index) {
        NSLog(@"MoreIndex = %d",(int)index);
    }];
     
}

4. 给我们的控件添加相应的约束，为了适合不同的屏幕，所以自动布局是少不了的。当然啦给控件添加约束也必须是手写代码啦，添加约束的代码如下：

//给控件加约束
-(void)addConstraint
{
    //给voicebutton添加约束
    self.voiceChangeButton.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO;
     
    NSArray *voiceConstraintH = [NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat:@"H:|-5-[_voiceChangeButton(30)]" options:0 metrics:0 views:NSDictionaryOfVariableBindings(_voiceChangeButton)];
    [self addConstraints:voiceConstraintH];
     
    NSArray *voiceConstraintV = [NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat:@"V:|-8-[_voiceChangeButton(30)]" options:0 metrics:0 views:NSDictionaryOfVariableBindings(_voiceChangeButton)];
    [self addConstraints:voiceConstraintV];
     
     
     
    //给MoreButton添加约束
    self.moreButton.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO;
     
    NSArray *moreButtonH = [NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat:@"H:[_moreButton(30)]-5-|" options:0 metrics:0 views:NSDictionaryOfVariableBindings(_moreButton)];
    [self addConstraints:moreButtonH];
     
    NSArray *moreButtonV = [NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat:@"V:|-8-[_moreButton(30)]" options:0 metrics:0 views:NSDictionaryOfVariableBindings(_moreButton)];
    [self addConstraints:moreButtonV];
     
     
    //给changeKeyBoardButton添加约束
    self.changeKeyBoardButton.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO;
     
    NSArray *changeKeyBoardButtonH = [NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat:@"H:[_changeKeyBoardButton(33)]-43-|" options:0 metrics:0 views:NSDictionaryOfVariableBindings(_changeKeyBoardButton)];
    [self addConstraints:changeKeyBoardButtonH];
     
    NSArray *changeKeyBoardButtonV = [NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat:@"V:|-5-[_changeKeyBoardButton(33)]" options:0 metrics:0 views:NSDictionaryOfVariableBindings(_changeKeyBoardButton)];
    [self addConstraints:changeKeyBoardButtonV];
     
     
    //给文本框添加约束
    self.sendTextView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO;
    NSArray *sendTextViewConstraintH = [NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat:@"H:|-45-[_sendTextView]-80-|" options:0 metrics:0 views:NSDictionaryOfVariableBindings(_sendTextView)];
    [self addConstraints:sendTextViewConstraintH];
     
    NSArray *sendTextViewConstraintV = [NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat:@"V:|-10-[_sendTextView]-10-|" options:0 metrics:0 views:NSDictionaryOfVariableBindings(_sendTextView)];
    [self addConstraints:sendTextViewConstraintV];
     
     
    //语音发送按钮
    self.sendVoiceButton.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO;
    NSArray *sendVoiceButtonConstraintH = [NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat:@"H:|-50-[_sendVoiceButton]-90-|" options:0 metrics:0 views:NSDictionaryOfVariableBindings(_sendVoiceButton)];
    [self addConstraints:sendVoiceButtonConstraintH];
     
    NSArray *sendVoiceButtonConstraintV = [NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat:@"V:|-6-[_sendVoiceButton]-6-|" options:0 metrics:0 views:NSDictionaryOfVariableBindings(_sendVoiceButton)];
    [self addConstraints:sendVoiceButtonConstraintV];
     
     
}

5. 因为我们要发送录音，所以对音频部分的初始化是少不了的，以下代码是对音频的初始化

//录音部分初始化
-(void)audioInit
{
    NSError * err = nil;
     
    AVAudioSession *audioSession = [AVAudioSession sharedInstance];
    [audioSession setCategory :AVAudioSessionCategoryPlayAndRecord error:&err];
     
    if(err){
        NSLog(@"audioSession: %@ %d %@", [err domain], [err code], [[err userInfo] description]);
        return;
    }
     
    [audioSession setActive:YES error:&err];
     
    err = nil;
    if(err){
        NSLog(@"audioSession: %@ %d %@", [err domain], [err code], [[err userInfo] description]);
        return;
    }
    //通过可变字典进行配置项的加载
    NSMutableDictionary *setAudioDic = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];
     
    //设置录音格式(aac格式)
    [setAudioDic setValue:@(kAudioFormatMPEG4AAC) forKey:AVFormatIDKey];
     
    //设置录音采样率(Hz) 如：AVSampleRateKey==8000/44100/96000（影响音频的质量）
    [setAudioDic setValue:@(44100) forKey:AVSampleRateKey];
     
    //设置录音通道数1 Or 2
    [setAudioDic setValue:@(1) forKey:AVNumberOfChannelsKey];
     
    //线性采样位数  8、16、24、32
    [setAudioDic setValue:@16 forKey:AVLinearPCMBitDepthKey];
    //录音的质量
    [setAudioDic setValue:@(AVAudioQualityHigh) forKey:AVEncoderAudioQualityKey];
     
    NSString *strUrl = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) lastObject];
     
    NSString *fileName = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%ld", (long)[[NSDate date] timeIntervalSince1970]];
     
     
    NSURL *url = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@.aac", strUrl, fileName]];
    _audioPlayURL = url;
     
    NSError *error;
    //初始化
    self.audioRecorder = [[AVAudioRecorder alloc]initWithURL:url settings:setAudioDic error:&error];
    //开启音量检测
    self.audioRecorder.meteringEnabled = YES;
    self.audioRecorder.delegate = self;
}

6. 添加键盘回收键Done

//给键盘添加done键
-(void) addDone
{
    //TextView的键盘定制回收按钮
     UIToolbar * toolBar = [[UIToolbar alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 320, 30)];
  
   UIBarButtonItem
 * item1 = [[UIBarButtonItem 
alloc]initWithBarButtonSystemItem:UIBarButtonSystemItemDone target:self 
action:@selector(tapDone:)];
    UIBarButtonItem
 * item2 = [[UIBarButtonItem 
alloc]initWithBarButtonSystemItem:UIBarButtonSystemItemFlexibleSpace 
target:nil action:nil];
      UIBarButtonItem
 * item3 = [[UIBarButtonItem 
alloc]initWithBarButtonSystemItem:UIBarButtonSystemItemFlexibleSpace 
target:nil action:nil];
    toolBar.items = @[item2,item1,item3];
     
     self.sendTextView.inputAccessoryView =toolBar;
}

三.编写控件的回调方法

控件添加好以后下面要添加触发控件要干的事情：

1. 从最复杂的开始，长按发送录音的按钮时，会录音。松开收时会发送（在发送时要判断音频的时间，太小不允许发送）。录音时上滑取消录音（删除录音文件）。主要是给录音按钮加了一个LongPress手势，根据手势的状态来做不同的事情。关于手势的内容请参考之前的博客：下面是录音业务逻辑的实现(个人在Coding的时候，感觉这一块是工具条中最复杂的部分)，代码如下：

//长按手势触发的方法
-(void)sendVoiceButtonLongPress:(id)sender
{
    static int i = 1;
    if ([sender isKindOfClass:[UILongPressGestureRecognizer class]]) {
         
        UILongPressGestureRecognizer * longPress = sender;
         
        //录音开始
        if (longPress.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateBegan)
        {
             
            i = 1;
             
            [self.sendVoiceButton setTitleColor:[UIColor redColor] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
            //录音初始化
            [self audioInit];
             
            //创建录音文件，准备录音
            if ([self.audioRecorder prepareToRecord])
            {
                //开始
                [self.audioRecorder record];
                 
                //设置定时检测音量变化
                _timer = [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:0.05 target:self selector:@selector(detectionVoice) userInfo:nil repeats:YES];
            }
        }
         
         
        //取消录音
        if (longPress.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateChanged)
        {
             
            CGPoint piont = [longPress locationInView:self];
            NSLog(@"%f",piont.y);
            if (piont.y  1)
                {
                    //如果录制时间<2 不发送
                    NSLog(@"发出去");
                    self.urlBlock(self.audioPlayURL);
                }
                else
                {
                    //删除记录的文件
                    [self.audioRecorder deleteRecording];
                    UIAlertView *alter = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"提示" message:@"录音时间太短！" delegate:nil cancelButtonTitle:@"取消" otherButtonTitles: nil];
                    [alter show];
                    self.cancelBlock(1);
                     
                }
                [self.audioRecorder stop];
                [_timer invalidate];
            }
        }
         
         
    }
     
}

2. 下面的代码是检测音量的变化，用于根据音量变化图片，代码如下：

//录音的音量探测
- (void)detectionVoice
{
    [self.audioRecorder updateMeters];//刷新音量数据
    //获取音量的平均值  [recorder averagePowerForChannel:0];
    //音量的最大值  [recorder peakPowerForChannel:0];
     
    CGFloat lowPassResults = pow(10, (0.05 * [self.audioRecorder peakPowerForChannel:0]));
     
    //把声音的音量传给调用者
    self.volumeBlock(lowPassResults);
}

3.轻击输入框时，切换到系统键盘，代码如下：

//轻击sendText切换键盘
-(void)tapGesture:(UITapGestureRecognizer *) sender
{
    if ([self.sendTextView.inputView isEqual:self.functionView])
    {
        self.sendTextView.inputView = nil;
         
        [self.changeKeyBoardButton setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"chat_bottom_smile_nor.png"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
         
        [self.sendTextView reloadInputViews];
    }
     
    if (![self.sendTextView isFirstResponder])
    {
        [self.sendTextView becomeFirstResponder];
    }
}

4. 通过输入框的文字多少改变toolView的高度，因为输入框的约束是加在ToolView上的，所以需要把输入框的ContentSize通过 block传到ToolView的调用者上，让ToolView的父视图来改变ToolView的高度，从而sendTextView的高度也会随着改变的，下面的代码是把ContentSize交给父视图：代码如下：

//通过文字的多少改变toolView的高度
-(void)textViewDidChange:(UITextView *)textView
{
    CGSize contentSize = self.sendTextView.contentSize;
     
    self.sizeBlock(contentSize);
}

效果如下，文字多时TextView的高度也会增大：

5. 点击最左边的按钮触发的事件（切换文本输入框和录音按钮），代码如下：

//切换声音按键和文字输入框
-(void)tapVoiceChangeButton:(UIButton *) sender
{
    if (self.sendVoiceButton.hidden == YES)
    {
        self.sendTextView.hidden = YES;
        self.sendVoiceButton.hidden = NO;
        [self.voiceChangeButton setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"chat_bottom_keyboard_nor.png"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
         
        if ([self.sendTextView isFirstResponder]) {
            [self.sendTextView resignFirstResponder];
        }
    }
    else
    {
        self.sendTextView.hidden = NO;
        self.sendVoiceButton.hidden = YES;
        [self.voiceChangeButton setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"chat_bottom_voice_press.png"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
         
        if (![self.sendTextView isFirstResponder]) {
            [self.sendTextView becomeFirstResponder];
        }
    }
}

6. 点击return发送文字（通过Block回调传入到父视图上），代码如下：

//发送信息（点击return）
- (BOOL)textView:(UITextView *)textView shouldChangeTextInRange:(NSRange)range replacementText:(NSString *)text
{
    if ([text isEqualToString:@"\n"])
    {
         
        //通过block回调把text的值传递到Controller中共
        self.textBlock(self.sendTextView.text);
         
        self.sendTextView.text = @"";
         
        return NO;
    }
    return YES;
}

7. 录音按钮本身要做的事情（在LongPress没有被触发时调用）代码如下：

//发送声音按钮回调的方法
-(void)tapSendVoiceButton:(UIButton *) sender
{
    NSLog(@"sendVoiceButton");
    //点击发送按钮没有触发长按手势要做的事儿
    UIAlertView *alter = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"提示" message:@"按住录音" delegate:nil cancelButtonTitle:@"取消" otherButtonTitles: nil];
    [alter show];
}

8. 调用表情键盘：

//变成表情键盘
-(void)tapChangeKeyBoardButton:(UIButton *) sender
{
    if ([self.sendTextView.inputView isEqual:self.functionView])
    {
        self.sendTextView.inputView = nil;
         
        [self.changeKeyBoardButton setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"chat_bottom_smile_nor.png"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
         
        [self.sendTextView reloadInputViews];
    }
    else
    {
        self.sendTextView.inputView = self.functionView;
        
         
        [self.changeKeyBoardButton setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"chat_bottom_keyboard_nor.png"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
         
        [self.sendTextView reloadInputViews];
    }
     
    if (![self.sendTextView isFirstResponder])
    {
        [self.sendTextView becomeFirstResponder];
    }
     
    if (self.sendTextView.hidden == YES) {
        self.sendTextView.hidden = NO;
        self.sendVoiceButton.hidden = YES;
        [self.voiceChangeButton setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"chat_bottom_voice_press.png"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
         
    }
}