0101获取微信小程序二维码报错-微信平台-第三方调用

1 简介

前端需要获取微信小程序二维码，后端提供一个接口，环境如下：

名称	版本	描述
springboot	2.5.14	Javaweb 脚手架
hutool	5.8.26	工具类

微信获取小程序二维码官方地址https://developers.weixin.qq.com/miniprogram/dev/OpenApiDoc/qrcode-link/qr-code/getQRCode.html

2 编码与排错

2.1 编码

第一步：获取 access_token

        WxLogin wxLogin = new WxLogin();
        wxLogin.setAppid("xxxx");
        wxLogin.setSecret("xxxxx");
        wxLogin.setGrant_type("client_credential");

        String url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token";
        Map<String, Object> loginMap = BeanUtil.beanToMap(wxLogin);
        String response1 = HttpRequest.get(url)
                .form(loginMap)
                .execute()
                .body();

• appid与secret换成自己的

第二步根据官方文档获取小程序二维码

@Data
public class WxchatCodeDTO {

    private String access_token;

    private String path;

    private String env_version;
}

    public void getWxChat(WxchatCodeDTO wxchatCodeDTO, HttpServletResponse response) {
        WxLogin wxLogin = new WxLogin();
        wxLogin.setAppid("xxx");
        wxLogin.setSecret("xxxx");
        wxLogin.setGrant_type("client_credential");

        String url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token";
        Map<String, Object> loginMap = BeanUtil.beanToMap(wxLogin);
        String response1 = HttpRequest.get(url)
                .form(loginMap)
                .execute()
                .body();


        WxchatCodeDTO wxchatCodeDTO1 = JSONUtil.toBean(response1, WxchatCodeDTO.class);
        String urlCode = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/wxa/getwxacode?access_token=" + wxchatCodeDTO1.getAccess_token();
        Map<String, Object> headers = new HashMap<>();
        wxchatCodeDTO.setAccess_token(wxchatCodeDTO1.getAccess_token());
         String resp2 = HttpRequest.post(urlCode)
                .form(BeanUtil.beanToMap(wxchatCodeDTO))
                .execute()
                .body();

        System.out.println(resp2);

    }

• 报错

  {"errcode":47001,"errmsg":"data format error rid: 66489194-67c21177-62b8edd3"}
  

2.2 排错

下面是官网给出的请求参数示例：

{
"path":"funpackage/questionsWall/questionInfo?question_id=22579",
"env_version": "release",
"width":280
} 

也就是该接口需要JSON数据，那么需要用body设置请求参数，类型为JSON字符串，同时请求头设置内容格式为json代码改造如下：

        String urlCode = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/wxa/getwxacode?access_token=" + wxchatCodeDTO1.getAccess_token();
        Map<String, List<String>> headers = new HashMap<>();
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add("application/json");
        headers.put("Content-Type", list);
        wxchatCodeDTO.setAccess_token(wxchatCodeDTO1.getAccess_token());
         String resp2 = HttpRequest.post(urlCode)
                 .header(headers)
                .body(JSONUtil.toJsonStr(wxchatCodeDTO))
                .execute()
                .body();

结果还是报错：

{"errcode":47001,"errmsg":"data format error rid: 664893a9-0d3ed9c6-7a09ebf6"}

网上搜索，说是参数里面不要设置access_token，我们把参数对象设置access_token去掉 ，同时设置给前端返回图片，完成代码如下

public void getWxChat(WxchatCodeDTO wxchatCodeDTO, HttpServletResponse response) {
        WxLogin wxLogin = new WxLogin();
        wxLogin.setAppid("xxxx");
        wxLogin.setSecret("xxxx");
        wxLogin.setGrant_type("client_credential");

        String url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token";
        Map<String, Object> loginMap = BeanUtil.beanToMap(wxLogin);
        String response1 = HttpRequest.get(url)
                .form(loginMap)
                .execute()
                .body();


        WxchatCodeDTO wxchatCodeDTO1 = JSONUtil.toBean(response1, WxchatCodeDTO.class);
        String urlCode = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/wxa/getwxacode?access_token=" + wxchatCodeDTO1.getAccess_token();
        Map<String, List<String>> headers = new HashMap<>();
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add("application/json");
        headers.put("Content-Type", list);
        // wxchatCodeDTO.setAccess_token(wxchatCodeDTO1.getAccess_token());
        byte[] bytes = HttpRequest.post(urlCode)
                 .header(headers)
                .body(JSONUtil.toJsonStr(wxchatCodeDTO))
                .execute()
                .bodyBytes();

        try {
            response.setContentType("image/png");
            ServletOutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream();
            outputStream.write(bytes);
            outputStream.flush();
            outputStream.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }


    }

postman测试效果如下所示：

总结：

1. 请求参数access_token放在url上
2. 请求类型设置application/json
3. 请求内容放在body中

结语

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