众所周知Listview控件可以通过addHeaderView和addFooterView来添加头部和尾部，但是我们的 RecyclerView控件却没有这样的 API，那我们就得自己扩展这样的API到RecyclerView控件里。既然Listview已经实现了这样的API，我们不防看看ANDROID listview源码，我们可以模仿它。
效果图：
原理图：
一、分析listview源码
1. Listview源码片段1: Listview.addHeaderView(...)
添加头部
/**
* Add a fixed view to appear at the top of the list. If this method is
* called more than once, the views will appear in the order they were
* added. Views added using this call can take focus if they want.
* <p>
* Note: When first introduced, this method could only be called before
* setting the adapter with {@link #setAdapter(ListAdapter)}. Starting with
* {@link android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES#KITKAT}, this method may be
* called at any time. If the ListView's adapter does not extend
* {@link HeaderViewListAdapter}, it will be wrapped with a supporting
* instance of {@link WrapperListAdapter}.
*
* @param v The view to add.
* @param data Data to associate with this view
* @param isSelectable whether the item is selectable
*/
public void addHeaderView(View v, Object data, boolean isSelectable) {
if (v.getParent() != null && v.getParent() != this) {
if (Log.isLoggable(TAG, Log.WARN)) {
Log.w(TAG, "The specified child already has a parent. "
+ "You must call removeView() on the child's parent first.");
}
}
final FixedViewInfo info = new FixedViewInfo();
info.view = v;
info.data = data;
info.isSelectable = isSelectable;
mHeaderViewInfos.add(info);
mAreAllItemsSelectable &= isSelectable;
// Wrap the adapter if it wasn't already wrapped.
if (mAdapter != null) {
if (!(mAdapter instanceof HeaderViewListAdapter)) {
wrapHeaderListAdapterInternal();
}
// In the case of re-adding a header view, or adding one later on,
// we need to notify the observer.
if (mDataSetObserver != null) {
mDataSetObserver.onChanged();
}
}
} protected void wrapHeaderListAdapterInternal() {
mAdapter = wrapHeaderListAdapterInternal(mHeaderViewInfos, mFooterViewInfos, mAdapter);
} protected HeaderViewListAdapter wrapHeaderListAdapterInternal(
ArrayList<ListView.FixedViewInfo> headerViewInfos,
ArrayList<ListView.FixedViewInfo> footerViewInfos,
ListAdapter adapter) {
return new HeaderViewListAdapter(headerViewInfos, footerViewInfos, adapter);
}
我们来分析以上 listview中添加头部的API 源码，主要看红色部分，
（1）mHeaderViewInfos.add(info)
意图是在数组mHeaderViewInfos里添加头部信息info中的vie w就是我们添加的头部布局，info.data就是 为header准备数据,info.isSelectable定义头部是否可以选择，这个一般用于TV上的光标选择。既然mHeaderViewInfos是一个数组，说明Listview可以添加多个头部。总结一下，就是mHeaderViewInfos可以添加多个 头部view。
（2）wrapHeaderListAdapterInternal函数
从上述代码中可以看出 该函数最终调用了
return new HeaderViewListAdapter(headerViewInfos, footerViewInfos, adapter)也就是说返回了一个全新的adapter = HeaderViewListAdapter, 观察3个构造函数参分别是头部视图、尾部视图,普通adapter.看 来这个全新的adapter不一般，它可以处理带 有头部和尾部视图以及正常条目的ListView 。总结一下，就是当listview有头部和尾部的时候，会专门为这样的listview重新封装一个HeaderViewListAdapter，这个HeaderViewListAdapter会为listview显示不同类型的布局，如头部布局、正常条目的布局、尾部布局。
2. Listview源码片段2 setAdapter函数
/**
* Sets the data behind this ListView.
*
* The adapter passed to this method may be wrapped by a {@link WrapperListAdapter},
* depending on the ListView features currently in use. For instance, adding
* headers and/or footers will cause the adapter to be wrapped.
*
* @param adapter The ListAdapter which is responsible for maintaining the
* data backing this list and for producing a view to represent an
* item in that data set.
*
* @see #getAdapter()
*/
@Override
public void setAdapter(ListAdapter adapter) {
if (mAdapter != null && mDataSetObserver != null) {
mAdapter.unregisterDataSetObserver(mDataSetObserver);
}
resetList();
mRecycler.clear();
if (mHeaderViewInfos.size() > 0|| mFooterViewInfos.size() > 0) {
mAdapter = wrapHeaderListAdapterInternal(mHeaderViewInfos, mFooterViewInfos, adapter);
} else {
mAdapter = adapter;
}
mOldSelectedPosition = INVALID_POSITION;
mOldSelectedRowId = INVALID_ROW_ID;
// AbsListView#setAdapter will update choice mode states.
super.setAdapter(adapter);
if (mAdapter != null) {
mAreAllItemsSelectable = mAdapter.areAllItemsEnabled();
mOldItemCount = mItemCount;
mItemCount = mAdapter.getCount();
checkFocus();
mDataSetObserver = new AdapterDataSetObserver();
mAdapter.registerDataSetObserver(mDataSetObserver);
mRecycler.setViewTypeCount(mAdapter.getViewTypeCount());
int position;
if (mStackFromBottom) {
position = lookForSelectablePosition(mItemCount - 1, false);
} else {
position = lookForSelectablePosition(0, true);
}
setSelectedPositionInt(position);
setNextSelectedPositionInt(position);
if (mItemCount == 0) {
// Nothing selected
checkSelectionChanged();
}
} else {
mAreAllItemsSelectable = true;
checkFocus();
// Nothing selected
checkSelectionChanged();
}
requestLayout();
}以上是Listview的setAdapter函数
if (mHeaderViewInfos.size() > 0|| mFooterViewInfos.size() > 0)表面当有头部或尾部的时候
mAdapter = wrapHeaderListAdapterInternal(mHeaderViewInfos, mFooterViewInfos, adapter);mAdapter实质被赋值为一个封装过的adapter，与源码片段1一样，封装过的adapter就是HeaderViewListAdapter。
也就是说，我们通常表面上调用的是setAdapter(adapter),实质当我们调用了addHeaderView函数之后，系统会帮我们把正常条目的adapter做了一次全新的封装，封装后的HeaderViewListAdapter有能力去显示头部、尾部，正常条目的。
二、模仿（一）中的Listview的源码来扩展RecyclerView（可添加头部与尾部）
1.我们要扩展RecyclerView，那自然先创建一个子类继承RecyclerView
package com.anyikang.volunteer.sos.recyclerview;
import android.content.Context;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.view.View;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class MyRecyclerView extends RecyclerView{
private ArrayList<View> mHeaderViewInfos = new ArrayList<View>();
private ArrayList<View> mFooterViewInfos = new ArrayList<View>();
private Adapter mAdapter;
public MyRecyclerView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
}
public void addHeaderView(View v) {
mHeaderViewInfos.add(v);
// Wrap the adapter if it wasn't already wrapped.
if (mAdapter != null) {
if (!(mAdapter instanceof HeaderViewAdapterForRecycler )) {
mAdapter = new HeaderViewAdapterForRecycler (mHeaderViewInfos, mFooterViewInfos, mAdapter);
}
}
}
public void addFooterView(View v) {
mFooterViewInfos.add(v);
// Wrap the adapter if it wasn't already wrapped.
if (mAdapter != null) {
if (!(mAdapter instanceof HeaderViewAdapterForRecycler )) {
mAdapter = new HeaderViewAdapterForRecycler (mHeaderViewInfos, mFooterViewInfos, mAdapter);
}
}
}
@Override
public void setAdapter(Adapter adapter) {
if (mHeaderViewInfos.size() > 0|| mFooterViewInfos.size() > 0) {
mAdapter = new HeaderViewAdapterForRecycler (mHeaderViewInfos, mFooterViewInfos, adapter);
} else {
mAdapter = adapter;
}
super.setAdapter(mAdapter);
}
}
是否有种似曾相识的感觉。继承于RecyclerView主要扩展了3个函数：addHeaderView增加头部、addFooterView增加尾部、重写了setAdapter. 这3个函数都干了同一件事：那就是如果我们添加了头部（尾部），我们的adapter将偷梁换柱成HeaderViewAdapterForRecycler,可显示头、中、尾条目的适配器。现在是时候来分析这个顶梁柱HeaderViewAdapterForRecycler的时候了。
三、老套路，先分析Listview中的HeaderViewListAdapter的源码
/*
* Copyright (C) 2006 The Android Open Source Project
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package android.widget;
import android.database.DataSetObserver;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import java.util.ArrayList;
/**
* ListAdapter used when a ListView has header views. This ListAdapter
* wraps another one and also keeps track of the header views and their
* associated data objects.
*<p>This is intended as a base class; you will probably not need to
* use this class directly in your own code.
*/
public class HeaderViewListAdapter implements WrapperListAdapter, Filterable {
private final ListAdapter mAdapter;
// These two ArrayList are assumed to NOT be null.
// They are indeed created when declared in ListView and then shared.
ArrayList<ListView.FixedViewInfo> mHeaderViewInfos;
ArrayList<ListView.FixedViewInfo> mFooterViewInfos;
// Used as a placeholder in case the provided info views are indeed null.
// Currently only used by some CTS tests, which may be removed.
static final ArrayList<ListView.FixedViewInfo> EMPTY_INFO_LIST =
new ArrayList<ListView.FixedViewInfo>();
boolean mAreAllFixedViewsSelectable;
private final boolean mIsFilterable;
public HeaderViewListAdapter(ArrayList<ListView.FixedViewInfo> headerViewInfos,
ArrayList<ListView.FixedViewInfo> footerViewInfos,
ListAdapter adapter) {
mAdapter = adapter;
mIsFilterable = adapter instanceof Filterable;
if (headerViewInfos == null) {
mHeaderViewInfos = EMPTY_INFO_LIST;
} else {
mHeaderViewInfos = headerViewInfos;
}
if (footerViewInfos == null) {
mFooterViewInfos = EMPTY_INFO_LIST;
} else {
mFooterViewInfos = footerViewInfos;
}
mAreAllFixedViewsSelectable =
areAllListInfosSelectable(mHeaderViewInfos)
&& areAllListInfosSelectable(mFooterViewInfos);
}
public int getHeadersCount() {
return mHeaderViewInfos.size();
}
public int getFootersCount() {
return mFooterViewInfos.size();
}
public boolean isEmpty() {
return mAdapter == null || mAdapter.isEmpty();
}
private boolean areAllListInfosSelectable(ArrayList<ListView.FixedViewInfo> infos) {
if (infos != null) {
for (ListView.FixedViewInfo info : infos) {
if (!info.isSelectable) {
return false;
}
}
}
return true;
}
public boolean removeHeader(View v) {
for (int i = 0; i < mHeaderViewInfos.size(); i++) {
ListView.FixedViewInfo info = mHeaderViewInfos.get(i);
if (info.view == v) {
mHeaderViewInfos.remove(i);
mAreAllFixedViewsSelectable =
areAllListInfosSelectable(mHeaderViewInfos)
&& areAllListInfosSelectable(mFooterViewInfos);
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
public boolean removeFooter(View v) {
for (int i = 0; i < mFooterViewInfos.size(); i++) {
ListView.FixedViewInfo info = mFooterViewInfos.get(i);
if (info.view == v) {
mFooterViewInfos.remove(i);
mAreAllFixedViewsSelectable =
areAllListInfosSelectable(mHeaderViewInfos)
&& areAllListInfosSelectable(mFooterViewInfos);
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
public int getCount() {
if (mAdapter != null) {
return getFootersCount() + getHeadersCount() + mAdapter.getCount();
} else {
return getFootersCount() + getHeadersCount();
}
}
public boolean areAllItemsEnabled() {
if (mAdapter != null) {
return mAreAllFixedViewsSelectable && mAdapter.areAllItemsEnabled();
} else {
return true;
}
}
public boolean isEnabled(int position) {
// Header (negative positions will throw an IndexOutOfBoundsException)
int numHeaders = getHeadersCount();
if (position < numHeaders) {
return mHeaderViewInfos.get(position).isSelectable;
}
// Adapter
final int adjPosition = position - numHeaders;
int adapterCount = 0;
if (mAdapter != null) {
adapterCount = mAdapter.getCount();
if (adjPosition < adapterCount) {
return mAdapter.isEnabled(adjPosition);
}
}
// Footer (off-limits positions will throw an IndexOutOfBoundsException)
return mFooterViewInfos.get(adjPosition - adapterCount).isSelectable;
}
public Object getItem(int position) {
// Header (negative positions will throw an IndexOutOfBoundsException)
int numHeaders = getHeadersCount();
if (position < numHeaders) {
return mHeaderViewInfos.get(position).data;
}
// Adapter
final int adjPosition = position - numHeaders;
int adapterCount = 0;
if (mAdapter != null) {
adapterCount = mAdapter.getCount();
if (adjPosition < adapterCount) {
return mAdapter.getItem(adjPosition);
}
}
// Footer (off-limits positions will throw an IndexOutOfBoundsException)
return mFooterViewInfos.get(adjPosition - adapterCount).data;
}
public long getItemId(int position) {
int numHeaders = getHeadersCount();
if (mAdapter != null && position >= numHeaders) {
int adjPosition = position - numHeaders;
int adapterCount = mAdapter.getCount();
if (adjPosition < adapterCount) {
return mAdapter.getItemId(adjPosition);
}
}
return -1;
}
public boolean hasStableIds() {
if (mAdapter != null) {
return mAdapter.hasStableIds();
}
return false;
}
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
// Header (negative positions will throw an IndexOutOfBoundsException)
int numHeaders = getHeadersCount();
if (position < numHeaders) {
return mHeaderViewInfos.get(position).view;
}
// Adapter
final int adjPosition = position - numHeaders;
int adapterCount = 0;
if (mAdapter != null) {
adapterCount = mAdapter.getCount();
if (adjPosition < adapterCount) {
return mAdapter.getView(adjPosition, convertView, parent);
}
}
// Footer (off-limits positions will throw an IndexOutOfBoundsException)
return mFooterViewInfos.get(adjPosition - adapterCount).view;
}
public int getItemViewType(int position) {
int numHeaders = getHeadersCount();
if (mAdapter != null && position >= numHeaders) {
int adjPosition = position - numHeaders;
int adapterCount = mAdapter.getCount();
if (adjPosition < adapterCount) {
return mAdapter.getItemViewType(adjPosition);
}
}
return AdapterView.ITEM_VIEW_TYPE_HEADER_OR_FOOTER;
}
public int getViewTypeCount() {
if (mAdapter != null) {
return mAdapter.getViewTypeCount();
}
return 1;
}
public void registerDataSetObserver(DataSetObserver observer) {
if (mAdapter != null) {
mAdapter.registerDataSetObserver(observer);
}
}
public void unregisterDataSetObserver(DataSetObserver observer) {
if (mAdapter != null) {
mAdapter.unregisterDataSetObserver(observer);
}
}
public Filter getFilter() {
if (mIsFilterable) {
return ((Filterable) mAdapter).getFilter();
}
return null;
}
public ListAdapter getWrappedAdapter() {
return mAdapter;
}
}
核心源码分析：
1. HeaderViewListAdapter构造函数
它有3个参数，头、尾、正常条目的mAdapter，这个与我们（一）中分析的一样，也是传递这3个内容。
2. getCount()函数
这个函数返回真正的条目数：headerCount + footerCount + mAdapter.count
3. getItem(int position)
返回position条目上要显示的数据： 这里有也是3部分，其中第一个if判断该position是否是头部，第二个if判断是否是中间条目，最后是尾部条目，根据不同的情况返回对应的数据
return mHeaderViewInfos.get(position).data; return mAdapter.getItem(adjPosition);//这个是创建普通adapter时，new adapter的时候传递给adapter的数据集合的position索引里的数据、
return mFooterViewInfos.get(adjPosition - adapterCount).data;//构造函数传递过来的数组
４．getview函数
这个函数再熟悉不过了，就是为条目返回要显示的布局VIEW以及可在这个函数里为VIEW中元素赋值，如为条目上的ＴｅｘｔＶｉｅｗ赋值一个字符串文本。在这里也和３中一样返回对应的VIEW（头部VIEW、普通条目VIEW、尾部VIEW）：
return mHeaderViewInfos.get(position).view;
return mAdapter.getView(adjPosition,convertView,parent);
return mFooterViewInfos.get(adjPosition - adapterCount).view;
这里提醒一下，mAdapter就是我们普通条目的MyAdapter，就是我们在不需要添加 头尾部的时候，使用listview显示数据得先创建一个MyAdapter，比如MyAdapter继承BaseAdapter，然后重写getview等方法，我相信你懂我说的。
总结一下，观察以上HeaderViewListAdapter的4个函数我们会发现它们总是离不开mAdapter，也就是说它们总要改造一番：在原mAdapter的基础上都额外涉及到了header和footer，只有这样才能满足listview正常显示头尾部的需求。
四、模仿（三）中的HeaderViewListAdapter为RecyclerView自定义适合它的
HeaderViewListAdapter
1.我们要扩展adapter，那自然先创建一个子类HeaderViewAdapterForRecycler继承Adapter,这个HeaderViewAdapterForRecycler就是我们经常提到的全新的adapter.
package com.anyikang.volunteer.sos.recyclerview;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView.Adapter;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView.ViewHolder;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class HeaderViewAdapterForRecycler extends Adapter {
private Adapter mAdapter;
ArrayList<View> mHeaderViewInfos;
ArrayList<View> mFooterViewInfos;
/**
*
* @param headerViewInfos 头布局VIEW
* @param footerViewInfos 尾布局VIWE
* @param adapter 普通ITEM的适配器adapter
*/
public HeaderViewAdapterForRecycler (ArrayList<View> headerViewInfos,
ArrayList<View> footerViewInfos, Adapter adapter) {
mAdapter = adapter;
if (headerViewInfos == null) {
mHeaderViewInfos = new ArrayList<View>();
} else {
mHeaderViewInfos = headerViewInfos;
}
if (footerViewInfos == null) {
mFooterViewInfos = new ArrayList<View>();
} else {
mFooterViewInfos = footerViewInfos;
}
}
/**
*
* @return
*/
@Override
public int getItemCount() {
if (mAdapter != null) {
//从此列表的条目数为：头+尾+普通条目适配器的 条数（即列表中间条目数）
return getFootersCount() + getHeadersCount() + mAdapter.getItemCount();
} else {
return getFootersCount() + getHeadersCount();
}
}
@Override
public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) {
int numHeaders = getHeadersCount();
if (position < numHeaders) {
//判断是头布局的话，不用填充数据因为我们已经在 MainActivity里为头VIEW填充了数据
return ;
}
final int adjPosition = position - numHeaders;
int adapterCount = 0;
if (mAdapter != null) {
adapterCount = mAdapter.getItemCount();
//中间条目的数据 我们直接调度 普通条目adapter的onBindViewHolder来为条目VIEW填充数据
if (adjPosition < adapterCount) {
mAdapter.onBindViewHolder(holder, adjPosition);
return ;
}
}
//其它情况就是尾布局VIEW,不用填充数据因为我们已经在 MainActivity里为尾VIEW填充了数据
}
/**
* 得到条目类型：INVALID_TYPE表示当前条目是头部
* @param position
* @return
*/
@Override
public int getItemViewType(int position) {
//
int numHeaders = getHeadersCount();
if (position < numHeaders) {//是头部
return -1;
}
//正常条目部分
// Adapter
final int adjPosition = position - numHeaders;
int adapterCount = 0;
if (mAdapter != null) {
adapterCount = mAdapter.getItemCount();
if (adjPosition < adapterCount) {
return mAdapter.getItemViewType(adjPosition);
}
}
//footer部分
return 1;
}
/**
* 根据getItemViewType获得的viewType来返回对应的布局
* @param parent
* @param viewType
* @return
*/
@Override
public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
//header
if(viewType == -1){
return new HeaderViewHolder(mHeaderViewInfos.get(0));
}else if(viewType == 1){//footer
return new HeaderViewHolder(mFooterViewInfos.get(0));
}
// Footer (off-limits positions will throw an IndexOutOfBoundsException)
return mAdapter.onCreateViewHolder(parent, viewType);
}
public int getHeadersCount() {
return mHeaderViewInfos.size();
}
public int getFootersCount() {
return mFooterViewInfos.size();
}
private static class HeaderViewHolder extends ViewHolder{
public HeaderViewHolder(View view) {
super(view);
}
}
}
2. 普通条目的adapter
由于HeaderViewAdapterForRecycler 重新包装了普通条目的adapter,我们在此有必要帖出普通（中间条目）adapter的源码：
package com.anyikang.volunteer.sos.recyclerview;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ImageView;
public class MyRecyclerAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<MyRecyclerAdapter.MyViewHolder> {
private int[] list;
private OnItemClickListener mOnItemClickListener;
public MyRecyclerAdapter(int[] list) {
this.list = list;
}
class MyViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{
ImageView imv;
public MyViewHolder(View view) {
super(view);
imv = (ImageView)view.findViewById(R.id.imv);
}
}
@Override
public int getItemCount() {
return list.length;
}
@Override
public void onBindViewHolder(MyViewHolder holder, final int position) {
holder.imv.setImageResource(list[position]);
if(mOnItemClickListener!=null){
holder.itemView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
mOnItemClickListener.onItemClick(v, position);
}
});
}
}
@Override
public MyViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup viewGroup, int arg1) {
MyViewHolder holder = new MyViewHolder(View.inflate(viewGroup.getContext(), R.layout.list_item2, null));
return holder;
}
/*public void addData(int position){
list.add(position,"additem"+position);
notifyItemInserted(position);
}
public void removeData(int position){
list.remove(position);
notifyItemRemoved(position);
}*/
public interface OnItemClickListener{
void onItemClick(View view, int position);
}
public void setOnItemClickListener(OnItemClickListener listener){
this.mOnItemClickListener = listener;
}
}
五、如何使用我们自定义好的MyRecyclerView与HeaderViewAdapterForRecycler
梳理使用过程：
（1）在MainAcitivity的布局文件里声明MyRecyclerView：
<com.anyikang.volunteer.sos.recyclerview.MyRecyclerView
android:layout_margin="50dp"
android:id="@+id/recylerview"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
/>（2）先定义普通adapter（用于显示中间条目）
代码，见（四）中的 第2节（3）定义HeaderViewAdapterForRecycler（具有处理理头部和尾部能力）
它相当于一个代理类，可以根据是否有头或尾的需求来重新封装了普通adapter
代码，见（四）中的 第1节
（4）在MainActivity里使用全新的RecyclerView
核心步骤：
//实例化布局中的recylerview控件
recylerview = (MyRecyclerView)findViewById(R.id.recylerview);
recylerview.addHeaderView(head); //添加头部 recylerview.addFooterView(footer);//添加尾部 adapter = new MyRecyclerAdapter(list); //普通条目（中间条目）的adapter recylerview.setAdapter(adapter); // setAdapter里发现有header或footer就会 将我们的adapter“偷梁换柱”六、回马枪
重温原理, 直接上图：
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