find_first_of
这个函数的查找是针对单个字符的匹配,对于字串中的每个字符,只要父串的该字符匹配到字串中任意一个字符,就算成功,first则说明是从左往右返回匹配成功的第一个。
测试代码
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main(){
string s1="i want to have a car.";
string s2="aeiou";
size_t found=s1.find_first_of(s2);
while(found!=string::npos){
s1[found]='*';
found=s1.find_first_of(s2,found+1);
}
cout<<s1;
return 0;
}
结果
find_first_not_of
和find_first_of逻辑相反,当子串中的任意一个字符和父串的字符都不匹配时,我们返回它的第一个该字符的位置
测试代码
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main(){
string s1="i want to have a car.";
string s2="aeiou";
size_t found=s1.find_first_not_of(s2);
while(found!=string::npos){
s1[found]='*';
cout<<s1<<endl;
found=s1.find_first_not_of(s2,found+1);
}
return 0;
}
结果
find_last_of
和find_first_of作用相同,找到匹配的字符,不过find_first_of是从前往后找,但是它是从后往前找,返回的都是第一个匹配成功的位置。
测试代码
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main(){
string s1="i want to have a car.";
string s2="aeiou";
size_t found=s1.find_last_of(s2);
while(found!=string::npos){
s1[found]='*';
cout<<s1<<endl;
found=s1.find_last_of(s2,found-1); //注意,这是found位置是-1
}
return 0;
}
结果
find_last_not_of类比之前的find_first_not_of.
find
之前的匹配都是针对单个字符的匹配,find是针对字符串的全字匹配。
测试代码
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main(){
string s1="i want to have a car.";
string s2="want";
string s3="wans";
size_t pos=s1.find(s2);
size_t pos1=s1.find(s3);
if(pos!=string::npos){
cout<<"string found"<<endl;
}
else
cout<<"not found"<<endl;
if(pos1!=string::npos){
cout<<"string found"<<endl;
}
else
cout<<"not found"<<endl;
return 0;
}
结果