POJ 3126 BFS-Prime Path

Description
The ministers of the cabinet were quite upset by the message from the Chief of Security stating that they would all have to change the four-digit room numbers on their offices.
— It is a matter of security to change such things every now and then, to keep the enemy in the dark.
— But look, I have chosen my number 1033 for good reasons. I am the Prime minister, you know!
— I know, so therefore your new number 8179 is also a prime. You will just have to paste four new digits over the four old ones on your office door.
— No, it’s not that simple. Suppose that I change the first digit to an 8, then the number will read 8033 which is not a prime!
— I see, being the prime minister you cannot stand having a non-prime number on your door even for a few seconds.
— Correct! So I must invent a scheme for going from 1033 to 8179 by a path of prime numbers where only one digit is changed from one prime to the next prime.

Now, the minister of finance, who had been eavesdropping, intervened.
— No unnecessary expenditure, please! I happen to know that the price of a digit is one pound.
— Hmm, in that case I need a computer program to minimize the cost. You don’t know some very cheap software gurus, do you?
— In fact, I do. You see, there is this programming contest going on… Help the prime minister to find the cheapest prime path between any two given four-digit primes! The first digit must be nonzero, of course. Here is a solution in the case above.

1033
1733
3733
3739
3779
8779
8179 

The cost of this solution is 6 pounds. Note that the digit 1 which got pasted over in step 2 can not be reused in the last step – a new 1 must be purchased.

Input
One line with a positive number: the number of test cases (at most 100). Then for each test case, one line with two numbers separated by a blank. Both numbers are four-digit primes (without leading zeros).

Output
One line for each case, either with a number stating the minimal cost or containing the word Impossible.

题意：

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将一个四位质数每次变换一位数，变成另一个四位质数，问最少通过多少次这样的变换，可以变换为目标四位质数，注意任何时候这个四位质数的首位不能为0.

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题解：

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简单的深度优先搜索问题，将四位质数的每一位数从0到9边换并往下搜索，注意四位质数的首位不能取0，且四位质数不可能为偶数，所以个位数智能取奇数。

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#include <iostream>
#include <queue>
#include <string.h>
#include <cmath>
#include <stdio.h>
#define MAXN 10000
using namespace std;

int m[4];
queue<int> q;
int vis[MAXN];
int sum;
int num1,num2;
bool isok;

bool isprime(int num)
{
    for(int i = 2; i * i <= num; i++)
    {
        if(num % i == 0)
            return false;
    }
    return true;
}

void bfs()
{
    while(!q.empty()) q.pop();
    q.push(num1);
    while(!q.empty())
    {
        int u = q.front();
        int t2 = u;
        q.pop();
        for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
        {
            m[i] = u % 10;
            u = u / 10;
        }
        for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
        {
            int t1 = m[i];
            for(int j = 0; j < 10; j++)
            {
                if(i == 0 && j % 2 == 0)
                    continue;
                if(i == 3 && j == 0)
                    continue;
                if(j != t1)
                {
                    m[i] = j;
                    int temp = 0;
                    for(int k = 0; k < 4; k++)
                        temp += m[k] * (int)ceil(pow(10,k));
                    if(vis[temp] == 0 && isprime(temp))
                    {
                        vis[temp] = vis[t2] + 1;
                        q.push(temp);
                        if(temp == num2)
                        {
                            isok = true;
                            sum = vis[temp];
                            return;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            m[i] = t1;
        }
    }
}

int main()
{
    int t;
    cin >> t;
    while(t--)
    {
        cin >> num1 >> num2;
        if(num1 == num2)
        {
            cout << 0 << endl;
            continue;
        }
        memset(vis, 0, sizeof(vis));
        isok = false;
        sum = 0;
        bfs();
        if(isok)
            cout << sum << endl;
        else
            cout << "Impossible" << endl;
    }
    return 0;
}