分布式搜索Elasticsearch——QueryBuilders.matchPhrasePrefixQuery

        注：该文项目基础为分布式搜索Elasticsearch——项目过程（一）和分布式搜索Elasticsearch——项目过程（二），项目骨架可至这里下载。

        ES源代码中对matchPhrasePrefixQuery的描述如下所示：

    /**
     * Creates a match query with type "PHRASE_PREFIX" for the provided field name and text.
     *
     * @param name The field name.
     * @param text The query text (to be analyzed).
     */
    public static MatchQueryBuilder matchPhrasePrefixQuery(String name, Object text) {
        return new MatchQueryBuilder(name, text).type(MatchQueryBuilder.Type.PHRASE_PREFIX);
    }

       如果你 调用matchPhrasePrefixQuery时，text为中文，那么，很大可能是一种状况：你会发现，matchPhraseQuery和matchPhrasePrefixQuery没有任何差别。而当text为英文时，差别就显现出来了：matchPhraseQuery的text是一个英文单词，而matchPhrasePrefixQuery的text则无这一约束，你可以从一个英文单词中抽几个连接在一起的字母进行查询。

        示例代码如下所示：

/**
 * @author Geloin
 */
package com.gsoft.gsearch.util;

import java.util.UUID;

import junit.framework.Assert;

import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkRequestBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilders;
import org.elasticsearch.search.SearchHit;
import org.elasticsearch.search.SearchHits;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.gsoft.gsearch.BaseTest;
import com.gsoft.gsearch.entity.Person;

/**
 * 以短语形式查询，查询时关键字不会被分词，而是直接以一个字符串的形式查询
 * 
 * @author Geloin
 * 
 */
public class MatchPhrasePrefixQueryTest extends BaseTest {
	
	@Test
	public void matchPhrasePrefixQuery() {
		try {
			
			// 创建索引
			BulkRequestBuilder builder = client.prepareBulk();

			for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
				Person p = new Person();
				p.setId(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
				p.setAge(20);
				p.setIsStudent(false);
				p.setSex("男");
				p.setName("Zhangsan wang");

				String source = ElasticSearchUtil.BeanToJson(p);

				IndexRequest request = client.prepareIndex().setIndex(index)
						.setType(type).setId(p.getId()).setSource(source)
						.request();

				builder.add(request);
			}

			BulkResponse bResponse = builder.execute().actionGet();
			if (bResponse.hasFailures()) {
				Assert.fail("创建索引出错！");
			}

			// 检索
			QueryBuilder qb = QueryBuilders.matchPhraseQuery("name", "wa");
			
			SearchResponse searchResponse = client.prepareSearch(index)
					.setTypes(type).setQuery(qb).setFrom(0).setSize(12)
					.execute().actionGet();

			SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits();
			if (null == hits || hits.totalHits() == 0) {
				log.error("使用matchPhraseQuery(\"name\", \"wa\")没有查询到任何结果！");
			} else {
				for (SearchHit hit : hits) {
					String json = hit.getSourceAsString();

					Person newPerson = mapper.readValue(json, Person.class);
					System.out.println("name\t\t" + newPerson.getName());
					System.out.println("sex\t\t" + newPerson.getSex());
					System.out.println("age\t\t" + newPerson.getAge());
					System.out.println("isStudent\t\t"
							+ newPerson.getIsStudent());
				}
			}
			
			System.out.println("===================================================");

			// 检索
			QueryBuilder qb1 = QueryBuilders.matchPhrasePrefixQuery("name", "wa");
			
			SearchResponse searchResponse1 = client.prepareSearch(index)
					.setTypes(type).setQuery(qb1).setFrom(0).setSize(20)
					.execute().actionGet();

			SearchHits hits1 = searchResponse1.getHits();
			
			
			if (null == hits1 || hits1.totalHits() == 0) {
				log.error("使用matchPhrasePrefixQuery(\"name\", \"wa\")没有查询到任何结果！");
				return;
			} else {
				for (SearchHit hit : hits1) {
					String json = hit.getSourceAsString();

					Person newPerson = mapper.readValue(json, Person.class);
					System.out.println("name\t\t" + newPerson.getName());
					System.out.println("sex\t\t" + newPerson.getSex());
					System.out.println("age\t\t" + newPerson.getAge());
					System.out.println("isStudent\t\t"
							+ newPerson.getIsStudent());
				}
			}

		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			if (null != client) {
				client.close();
			}
			if (null != node) {
				node.close();
			}
		}
	}
}

        你会发现，使用matchP hraseQuery并未查询出结果，而matchPhrasePrefixQuery查询出的，则是我们需要的结果。