Java3d透明效果实现

  其实只要细细留心Java3d API就可以发现透明属性的API，最近需要对一个模型做透明效果，对于实现做下描述。

  原理就是得到模型的shape3d的Appearance,将Appearance的TransparencyAttributes进行设置即可，在使用Alpha可以实现透明和不透明效果之间的切换。什么都不说了上代码和截图。

  运行前

 

双击后

代码

package ta;

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.GraphicsConfiguration;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.util.Enumeration;

import javax.media.j3d.Alpha;
import javax.media.j3d.AmbientLight;
import javax.media.j3d.Appearance;
import javax.media.j3d.Background;
import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere;
import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup;
import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D;
import javax.media.j3d.DirectionalLight;
import javax.media.j3d.Group;
import javax.media.j3d.Leaf;
import javax.media.j3d.Node;
import javax.media.j3d.Shape3D;
import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D;
import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup;
import javax.media.j3d.TransparencyAttributes;
import javax.media.j3d.TransparencyInterpolator;
import javax.swing.JApplet;
import javax.vecmath.Color3f;
import javax.vecmath.Point3d;
import javax.vecmath.Vector3d;
import javax.vecmath.Vector3f;

import com.sun.j3d.utils.applet.MainFrame;
import com.sun.j3d.utils.behaviors.vp.OrbitBehavior;
import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.Primitive;
import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.Sphere;
import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.SimpleUniverse;
import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.ViewingPlatform;

public class TransparencyTest extends JApplet {
	
	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 4179606627626695905L;

	/**
	 * 场景
	 */
	private SimpleUniverse universe;
	
	/**
	 * 画布
	 */
	private Canvas3D canvas3d;
	
	/**
	 * 场景大小
	 */
	private BoundingSphere bounds;
	
	/**
	 * 根节点
	 */
	private BranchGroup objRoot;
	
	/**
	 * 透明属性
	 */
	private TransparencyAttributes ta;
	
	/**
	 * 透明的alpha
	 */
	private Alpha transparencyAlpha;
	
	/**
	 * 透明效果的Interpolator 
	 */
	private TransparencyInterpolator transparencyInterpolator;
	
	/**
	 * 展示状态
	 */
	private static boolean SHOWSTATUS = false;
	
	/**
	 * 操作behavior
	 */
	private OrbitBehavior orbit;
	
	/**
	 * 初始化
	 */
	public void init() {
		setSize(800, 600);
		setLayout(new BorderLayout());
		
		bounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0), 1000.0);
		GraphicsConfiguration gc = SimpleUniverse.getPreferredConfiguration();
		canvas3d = new Canvas3D(gc);
		add(canvas3d, BorderLayout.CENTER);
		universe = new SimpleUniverse(canvas3d);
		
		canvas3d.addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {
			public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
				if(e.getButton() == MouseEvent.BUTTON1){
					if(e.getClickCount() == 2){
						changeTransparency();
					}
				}
			}
		});
		
		objRoot = new BranchGroup();
		objRoot.setCapability(BranchGroup.ALLOW_DETACH);
		objRoot.setCapability(BranchGroup.ALLOW_CHILDREN_EXTEND);
		objRoot.setCapability(BranchGroup.ALLOW_CHILDREN_WRITE);
		objRoot.setCapability(BranchGroup.ALLOW_CHILDREN_READ);

		setupView();
		addBackground();
		lightScene();
		addBox();
		initializeAlpha();
		
		universe.addBranchGraph(objRoot);
		universe.getViewer().getView().setBackClipDistance(40.f);
	}
	
	/**
	 * 添加box
	 */
	private void addBox() {
		Sphere sphere = new Sphere(1.0f, new Appearance());
		initializeTransparency(sphere);
		TransformGroup objTransG = new TransformGroup();
		objTransG.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE);
		objTransG.addChild(sphere);
		
		//调整视野
		resizeView(sphere);
		objRoot.addChild(objTransG);
	}

	/**
	 * 调整视野
	 */
	private void resizeView(Primitive primitive) {
		BoundingSphere bounds = (BoundingSphere) primitive.getBounds();
		Point3d center = new Point3d();
		bounds.getCenter(center);
		System.out.println(center);
		
		ViewingPlatform viewingPlatform = universe.getViewingPlatform();
		TransformGroup viewGroup = viewingPlatform.getViewPlatformTransform();
		Transform3D t3d = new Transform3D();
		viewGroup.getTransform(t3d);
		
		t3d.lookAt(new Point3d(0, 0, -5), center, new Vector3d(0, 1, 0));
		t3d.invert();
		viewGroup.setTransform(t3d);
		orbit.setRotationCenter(center);
	}

	/**
	 * 初始化视野
	 */
	public void setupView() {
		orbit = new OrbitBehavior(canvas3d);
		orbit.setSchedulingBounds(bounds);
		ViewingPlatform viewingPlatform = universe.getViewingPlatform();
		viewingPlatform.setNominalViewingTransform();
		viewingPlatform.setViewPlatformBehavior(orbit);
	}
	
	/**
	 * 初始化alpha信息
	 */
	private void initializeAlpha() {
		transparencyAlpha = new Alpha(1, 0);
		transparencyAlpha.setMode(Alpha.DECREASING_ENABLE);
    	transparencyAlpha.setDecreasingAlphaDuration(0);
    	
		transparencyInterpolator = new TransparencyInterpolator(transparencyAlpha, getTransparencyAttributes());
		BoundingSphere bounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0, 0, 0), 1000);
		transparencyInterpolator.setSchedulingBounds(bounds);
		
		objRoot.addChild(transparencyInterpolator);
	}

	/**
	 *  初始化Transparency信息
	 * @param bgFile
	 */
	@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
	private void initializeTransparency(Node aNode){
		// recursively assign transparency attributes to the tree
		if(aNode instanceof Group){
			Group g = (Group) aNode;
			Enumeration children = g.getAllChildren();
			while(children.hasMoreElements()){
				Node aChild = (Node) children.nextElement();
				initializeTransparency(aChild);
			}
		}
		else if(aNode instanceof Leaf){
			if(aNode instanceof Shape3D){
				Shape3D shape3d = (Shape3D) aNode;
				Appearance app = shape3d.getAppearance();
				if(app != null){
					app.setTransparencyAttributes(getTransparencyAttributes());
				}
			}
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * 改变透明状态
	 */
	private void changeTransparency(){
		if(!SHOWSTATUS){
			transparencyAlpha.setMode(Alpha.INCREASING_ENABLE);
			transparencyAlpha.setStartTime(System.currentTimeMillis());
			transparencyAlpha.resume();
			
			SHOWSTATUS = true;
		}else{
			transparencyAlpha.setMode(Alpha.DECREASING_ENABLE);
			transparencyAlpha.setStartTime(System.currentTimeMillis());
			transparencyAlpha.resume();
			
			SHOWSTATUS = false;
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * 获得透明属性
	 * @return
	 */
	private TransparencyAttributes getTransparencyAttributes(){
		if(ta == null){
			ta = new TransparencyAttributes();
			ta.setTransparencyMode(TransparencyAttributes.SCREEN_DOOR);
			ta.setTransparency(1.0f);
			ta.setCapability(TransparencyAttributes.ALLOW_VALUE_READ);
			ta.setCapability(TransparencyAttributes.ALLOW_VALUE_WRITE);
		}
		return ta;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 添加光照
	 */
	private void lightScene() {
		Color3f white = new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
		
		AmbientLight ambientLight = new AmbientLight(white);
		ambientLight.setCapability(AmbientLight.ALLOW_COLOR_WRITE);
		ambientLight.setInfluencingBounds(bounds);
		objRoot.addChild(ambientLight);

		Vector3f light1Direction = new Vector3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
		
		DirectionalLight dirLight1 = new DirectionalLight(white, light1Direction);
		dirLight1.setCapability(DirectionalLight.ALLOW_COLOR_WRITE);
		dirLight1.setInfluencingBounds(bounds);
		objRoot.addChild(dirLight1);
	}

	/**
	 * 设置场景的背景
	 */
	private void addBackground() {
		Background back = new Background();
		back.setApplicationBounds(bounds);
		back.setColor(0.17f, 0.65f, 0.92f); // sky colour
		objRoot.addChild(back);
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		new MainFrame(new TransparencyTest(), 256, 256);
	}
}

可是很用心写的哦，希望对你有帮助！