git commit 之后，如何撤销commit

写完代码或是添加修改文件后，通过git status 命令查看

命令：git status

admin@software:~/workspace/sourcecode/vendor/qcom/proprietary/commonsys/fastmmi$ git status  ./
On branch develop
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/develop'.

Untracked files:
  (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
        ReadMe.md

nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)
admin@software:~/workspace/sourcecode/vendor/qcom/proprietary/commonsys/fastmmi$

把修改好的文件，通过git add 命令进行添加

命令：git add file //添加修改文件

admin@software:~/workspace/sourcecode/vendor/qcom/proprietary/commonsys/fastmmi$ git add ReadMe.md

再次使用git status 命令查看file的状态

admin@software:~/workspace/sourcecode/vendor/qcom/proprietary/commonsys/fastmmi$ git status  ./   
On branch develop
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/develop'.

Changes to be committed:
  (use "git restore --staged <file>..." to unstage)
        new file:   ReadMe.md

admin@software:~/workspace/sourcecode/vendor/qcom/proprietary/commonsys/fastmmi$

在执行git add 之后，需要执行git commit命令提交消息

命令：git commit -m "备注消息描述"

admin@software:~/workspace/sourcecode/vendor/qcom/proprietary/commonsys/fastmmi$ git commit -m "closes #100,add file ReadMe.md"    
===================msg================

closes #100,add file ReadMe.md

===================msg================
had input redmine issue #ID
[develop d1824c068] closes #100,add file ReadMe.md
 1 file changed, 17 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 qcom/proprietary/commonsys/fastmmi/ReadMe.md
admin@software:~/workspace/sourcecode/vendor/qcom/proprietary/commonsys/fastmmi/$

倘若执行完commit后，想撤回commit，怎么办？可以通过如下命令进行撤销

命令：git reset --soft HEAD^

admin@software:~/workspace/sourcecode/vendor/qcom/proprietary/commonsys/fastmmi$git reset --soft HEAD^

其中，

--soft  

不删除工作空间改动代码，撤销commit，不撤销git add . 

HEAD^的意思是上一个版本，也可以写成HEAD~1

如果你进行了2次commit，想都撤回，可以使用HEAD~2

如果commit注释写错了，只是想改一下注释，只需要：

命令：git commit --amend

此时会进入默认vim编辑器，修改注释完毕后wq保存就好了。

再次使用git status 命令查看file的状态

admin@software:~/workspace/sourcecode/vendor/qcom/proprietar/commonsys/fastmmi$ git status  ./   
On branch develop
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/develop'.

Changes to be committed:
  (use "git restore --staged <file>..." to unstage)
        new file:   ReadMe.md

admin@software:~/workspace/sourcecode/vendor/qcom/proprietary/commonsys/fastmmi$

ReadMe.md 文件的状态又回到git add 之后的状态，这样就成功的撤销了你的commit

注意：仅仅是撤回commit操作，您写的代码仍然保留。