mysql数据库查询练习
SELECT语句的执行流程:
FROM Clause --> WHERE Clause --> GROUP BY --> HAVING Clause -->SELECT --> ORDER BY --> LIMIT
#学生信息表
MariaDB [hellodb]> select * from students;
+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
| StuID | Name | Age | Gender | ClassID | TeacherID |
+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
| 1 | Shi Zhongyu | 22 | M | 2 | 3 |
| 2 | Shi Potian | 22 | M | 1 | 7 |
| 3 | Xie Yanke | 53 | M | 2 | 16 |
| 4 | Ding Dian | 32 | M | 4 | 4 |
| 5 | Yu Yutong | 26 | M | 3 | 1 |
| 6 | Shi Qing | 46 | M | 5 | NULL |
| 7 | Xi Ren | 19 | F | 3 | NULL |
| 8 | Lin Daiyu | 17 | F | 7 | NULL |
| 9 | Ren Yingying | 20 | F | 6 | NULL |
| 10 | Yue Lingshan | 19 | F | 3 | NULL |
| 11 | Yuan Chengzhi | 23 | M | 6 | NULL |
| 12 | Wen Qingqing | 19 | F | 1 | NULL |
| 13 | Tian Boguang | 33 | M | 2 | NULL |
| 14 | Lu Wushuang | 17 | F | 3 | NULL |
| 15 | Duan Yu | 19 | M | 4 | NULL |
| 16 | Xu Zhu | 21 | M | 1 | NULL |
| 17 | Lin Chong | 25 | M | 4 | NULL |
| 18 | Hua Rong | 23 | M | 7 | NULL |
| 19 | Xue Baochai | 18 | F | 6 | NULL |
| 20 | Diao Chan | 19 | F | 7 | NULL |
| 21 | Huang Yueying | 22 | F | 6 | NULL |
| 22 | Xiao Qiao | 20 | F | 1 | NULL |
| 23 | Ma Chao | 23 | M | 4 | NULL |
| 24 | Xu Xian | 27 | M | NULL | NULL |
| 25 | Sun Dasheng | 100 | M | NULL | NULL |
+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
25 rows in set (0.00 sec)
#班级表
MariaDB [hellodb]> select * from classes;
+---------+----------------+----------+
| ClassID | Class | NumOfStu |
+---------+----------------+----------+
| 1 | Shaolin Pai | 10 |
| 2 | Emei Pai | 7 |
| 3 | QingCheng Pai | 11 |
| 4 | Wudang Pai | 12 |
| 5 | Riyue Shenjiao | 31 |
| 6 | Lianshan Pai | 27 |
| 7 | Ming Jiao | 27 |
| 8 | Xiaoyao Pai | 15 |
+---------+----------------+----------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
#班级课程表
MariaDB [hellodb]> select * from coc;
+----+---------+----------+
| ID | ClassID | CourseID |
+----+---------+----------+
| 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 2 | 1 | 5 |
| 3 | 2 | 2 |
| 4 | 2 | 6 |
| 5 | 3 | 1 |
| 6 | 3 | 7 |
| 7 | 4 | 5 |
| 8 | 4 | 2 |
| 9 | 5 | 1 |
| 10 | 5 | 9 |
| 11 | 6 | 3 |
| 12 | 6 | 4 |
| 13 | 7 | 4 |
| 14 | 7 | 3 |
+----+---------+----------+
14 rows in set (0.00 sec)
#课程表
MariaDB [hellodb]> select * from courses;
+----------+----------------+
| CourseID | Course |
+----------+----------------+
| 1 | Hamo Gong |
| 2 | Kuihua Baodian |
| 3 | Jinshe Jianfa |
| 4 | Taiji Quan |
| 5 | Daiyu Zanghua |
| 6 | Weituo Zhang |
| 7 | Dagou Bangfa |
+----------+----------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
#学生成绩表
MariaDB [hellodb]> select * from scores;
+----+-------+----------+-------+
| ID | StuID | CourseID | Score |
+----+-------+----------+-------+
| 1 | 1 | 2 | 77 |
| 2 | 1 | 6 | 93 |
| 3 | 2 | 2 | 47 |
| 4 | 2 | 5 | 97 |
| 5 | 3 | 2 | 88 |
| 6 | 3 | 6 | 75 |
| 7 | 4 | 5 | 71 |
| 8 | 4 | 2 | 89 |
| 9 | 5 | 1 | 39 |
| 10 | 5 | 7 | 63 |
| 11 | 6 | 1 | 96 |
| 12 | 7 | 1 | 86 |
| 13 | 7 | 7 | 83 |
| 14 | 8 | 4 | 57 |
| 15 | 8 | 3 | 93 |
+----+-------+----------+-------+
15 rows in set (0.00 sec)
- 在students表中,查询年龄大于25岁,且为男性的同学的名字和年龄
MariaDB [hellodb]> select name,age,gender from students where age > 25;
+--------------+-----+--------+
| name | age | gender |
+--------------+-----+--------+
| Xie Yanke | 53 | M |
| Ding Dian | 32 | M |
| Yu Yutong | 26 | M |
| Shi Qing | 46 | M |
| Tian Boguang | 33 | M |
| Xu Xian | 27 | M |
| Sun Dasheng | 100 | M |
+--------------+-----+--------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
- 以ClassID为分组依据,显示每组的平均年龄
MariaDB [hellodb]> select classid,AVG(age) from students group by classid;
+---------+----------+
| classid | AVG(age) |
+---------+----------+
| NULL | 63.5000 |
| 1 | 20.5000 |
| 2 | 36.0000 |
| 3 | 20.2500 |
| 4 | 24.7500 |
| 5 | 46.0000 |
| 6 | 20.7500 |
| 7 | 19.6667 |
+---------+----------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)
- 显示第2题中平均年龄大于30的分组及平均年龄
MariaDB [hellodb]> select classid,AVG(age) from students group by classid having AVG(age) > 30;
+---------+----------+
| classid | AVG(age) |
+---------+----------+
| NULL | 63.5000 |
| 2 | 36.0000 |
| 5 | 46.0000 |
+---------+----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
- 显示以L开头的名字的同学的信息
MariaDB [hellodb]> select * from students where name like 'L%';
+-------+-------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
| StuID | Name | Age | Gender | ClassID | TeacherID |
+-------+-------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
| 8 | Lin Daiyu | 17 | F | 7 | NULL |
| 14 | Lu Wushuang | 17 | F | 3 | NULL |
| 17 | Lin Chong | 25 | M | 4 | NULL |
+-------+-------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
- 显示TeacherID非空的同学的相关信息
MariaDB [hellodb]> select * from students where teacherid is not null;
+-------+-------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
| StuID | Name | Age | Gender | ClassID | TeacherID |
+-------+-------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
| 1 | Shi Zhongyu | 22 | M | 2 | 3 |
| 2 | Shi Potian | 22 | M | 1 | 7 |
| 3 | Xie Yanke | 53 | M | 2 | 16 |
| 4 | Ding Dian | 32 | M | 4 | 4 |
| 5 | Yu Yutong | 26 | M | 3 | 1 |
+-------+-------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
- 以年龄排序后,显示年龄最大的前10位同学的信息
MariaDB [hellodb]> select * from students order by age desc limit 10;
+-------+--------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
| StuID | Name | Age | Gender | ClassID | TeacherID |
+-------+--------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
| 25 | Sun Dasheng | 100 | M | NULL | NULL |
| 3 | Xie Yanke | 53 | M | 2 | 16 |
| 6 | Shi Qing | 46 | M | 5 | NULL |
| 13 | Tian Boguang | 33 | M | 2 | NULL |
| 4 | Ding Dian | 32 | M | 4 | 4 |
| 24 | Xu Xian | 27 | M | NULL | NULL |
| 5 | Yu Yutong | 26 | M | 3 | 1 |
| 17 | Lin Chong | 25 | M | 4 | NULL |
| 23 | Ma Chao | 23 | M | 4 | NULL |
| 18 | Hua Rong | 23 | M | 7 | NULL |
+-------+--------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)
- 查询年龄大于等于20岁,小于等于25岁的同学的信息
#方法1
MariaDB [hellodb]> select * from students where age >= 20 and age <= 25;
+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
| StuID | Name | Age | Gender | ClassID | TeacherID |
+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
| 1 | Shi Zhongyu | 22 | M | 2 | 3 |
| 2 | Shi Potian | 22 | M | 1 | 7 |
| 9 | Ren Yingying | 20 | F | 6 | NULL |
| 11 | Yuan Chengzhi | 23 | M | 6 | NULL |
| 16 | Xu Zhu | 21 | M | 1 | NULL |
| 17 | Lin Chong | 25 | M | 4 | NULL |
| 18 | Hua Rong | 23 | M | 7 | NULL |
| 21 | Huang Yueying | 22 | F | 6 | NULL |
| 22 | Xiao Qiao | 20 | F | 1 | NULL |
| 23 | Ma Chao | 23 | M | 4 | NULL |
+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)
#方法2
MariaDB [hellodb]> select * from students where age between 20 and 25;
+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
| StuID | Name | Age | Gender | ClassID | TeacherID |
+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
| 1 | Shi Zhongyu | 22 | M | 2 | 3 |
| 2 | Shi Potian | 22 | M | 1 | 7 |
| 9 | Ren Yingying | 20 | F | 6 | NULL |
| 11 | Yuan Chengzhi | 23 | M | 6 | NULL |
| 16 | Xu Zhu | 21 | M | 1 | NULL |
| 17 | Lin Chong | 25 | M | 4 | NULL |
| 18 | Hua Rong | 23 | M | 7 | NULL |
| 21 | Huang Yueying | 22 | F | 6 | NULL |
| 22 | Xiao Qiao | 20 | F | 1 | NULL |
| 23 | Ma Chao | 23 | M | 4 | NULL |
+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)
- 以ClassID分组,显示每班的同学的人数
MariaDB [hellodb]> select classid,COUNT(*) from students group by classid;
+---------+----------+
| classid | COUNT(*) |
+---------+----------+
| NULL | 2 |
| 1 | 4 |
| 2 | 3 |
| 3 | 4 |
| 4 | 4 |
| 5 | 1 |
| 6 | 4 |
| 7 | 3 |
+---------+----------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
- 以Gender分组,显示其年龄之和
MariaDB [hellodb]> select gender,sum(age) from students group by gender;
+--------+----------+
| gender | sum(age) |
+--------+----------+
| F | 190 |
| M | 495 |
+--------+----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
- 以ClassID分组,显示其平均年龄大于25的班级
MariaDB [hellodb]> select classid,AVG(age) from students group by classid having AVG(age) >25;
+---------+----------+
| classid | AVG(age) |
+---------+----------+
| NULL | 63.5000 |
| 2 | 36.0000 |
| 5 | 46.0000 |
+---------+----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
- 以Gender分组,显示各组中年龄大于25的学员的年龄之和
MariaDB [hellodb]> select gender,sum(age) from students where age > 25 group by gender ;
+--------+----------+
| gender | sum(age) |
+--------+----------+
| M | 317 |
+--------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
- 显示前5位同学的姓名、课程及成绩
MariaDB [hellodb]> select name,course,score from students s inner join scores sc on s.stuid=sc.stuid inner join courses cs on cs.courseid=sc.courseid order by score desc limit 5;
+-------------+----------------+-------+
| name | course | score |
+-------------+----------------+-------+
| Shi Potian | Daiyu Zanghua | 97 |
| Shi Qing | Hamo Gong | 96 |
| Lin Daiyu | Jinshe Jianfa | 93 |
| Shi Zhongyu | Weituo Zhang | 93 |
| Ding Dian | Kuihua Baodian | 89 |
+-------------+----------------+-------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
- 显示其成绩高于80的同学的名称及课程
MariaDB [hellodb]> select name,course,score from students s inner join scores sc on s.stuid=sc.stuid inner join courses cs on cs.courseid=sc.courseid where score > 80;
+-------------+----------------+-------+
| name | course | score |
+-------------+----------------+-------+
| Shi Zhongyu | Weituo Zhang | 93 |
| Shi Potian | Daiyu Zanghua | 97 |
| Xie Yanke | Kuihua Baodian | 88 |
| Ding Dian | Kuihua Baodian | 89 |
| Shi Qing | Hamo Gong | 96 |
| Xi Ren | Hamo Gong | 86 |
| Xi Ren | Dagou Bangfa | 83 |
| Lin Daiyu | Jinshe Jianfa | 93 |
+-------------+----------------+-------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)
- 取每位同学各门课的平均成绩,显示成绩前三名的同学的姓名和平均成绩
MariaDB [hellodb]> select name,AVG(score) from students s inner join scores sc on s.stuid=sc.stuid group by score order by score desc limit 3;
+-------------+------------+
| name | AVG(score) |
+-------------+------------+
| Shi Potian | 97.0000 |
| Shi Qing | 96.0000 |
| Shi Zhongyu | 93.0000 |
+-------------+------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
- 显示每门课程课程名称及学习了这门课的同学的个数
#以班级课程计算课程人数
MariaDB [hellodb]> select course,count(*) from courses cs inner join coc c on cs.courseid=c.courseid inner join students s on c.classid=s.classid group by course;
+----------------+----------+
| course | count(*) |
+----------------+----------+
| Dagou Bangfa | 4 |
| Daiyu Zanghua | 8 |
| Hamo Gong | 5 |
| Jinshe Jianfa | 7 |
| Kuihua Baodian | 11 |
| Taiji Quan | 7 |
| Weituo Zhang | 3 |
+----------------+----------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
#以学习成绩计算课程人数
MariaDB [hellodb]> select course,count(*) from courses cs inner join scores sc on cs.courseid=sc.courseid inner join students s on s.stuid=sc.stuid group by course;
+----------------+----------+
| course | count(*) |
+----------------+----------+
| Dagou Bangfa | 2 |
| Daiyu Zanghua | 2 |
| Hamo Gong | 3 |
| Jinshe Jianfa | 1 |
| Kuihua Baodian | 4 |
| Taiji Quan | 1 |
| Weituo Zhang | 2 |
+----------------+----------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
- 显示其年龄大于平均年龄的同学的名字
MariaDB [hellodb]> select name,age from students where age > (select AVG(age) from students);
+--------------+-----+
| name | age |
+--------------+-----+
| Xie Yanke | 53 |
| Ding Dian | 32 |
| Shi Qing | 46 |
| Tian Boguang | 33 |
| Sun Dasheng | 100 |
+--------------+-----+
5 rows in set (4.14 sec)
- 显示其学习的课程为第1、2,4或第7门课的同学的名字
#以学习成绩表计算
MariaDB [hellodb]> select course,name from courses co inner join scores sc on co.courseid=sc.courseid inner join students s on sc.stuid=s.stuid where sc.courseid in(1,2,4,7);
+----------------+-------------+
| course | name |
+----------------+-------------+
| Hamo Gong | Yu Yutong |
| Hamo Gong | Shi Qing |
| Hamo Gong | Xi Ren |
| Kuihua Baodian | Shi Zhongyu |
| Kuihua Baodian | Shi Potian |
| Kuihua Baodian | Xie Yanke |
| Kuihua Baodian | Ding Dian |
| Taiji Quan | Lin Daiyu |
| Dagou Bangfa | Yu Yutong |
| Dagou Bangfa | Xi Ren |
+----------------+-------------+
10 rows in set (0.45 sec)
#以班级课程表计算
MariaDB [hellodb]> select course,name from courses co inner join coc c on co.courseid=c.courseid inner join students s on c.classid=s.classid where co.courseid in(1,2,4,7);
+----------------+---------------+
| course | name |
+----------------+---------------+
| Kuihua Baodian | Shi Zhongyu |
| Kuihua Baodian | Shi Potian |
| Kuihua Baodian | Xie Yanke |
| Kuihua Baodian | Ding Dian |
| Hamo Gong | Yu Yutong |
| Dagou Bangfa | Yu Yutong |
| Hamo Gong | Shi Qing |
| Hamo Gong | Xi Ren |
| Dagou Bangfa | Xi Ren |
| Taiji Quan | Lin Daiyu |
| Taiji Quan | Ren Yingying |
| Hamo Gong | Yue Lingshan |
| Dagou Bangfa | Yue Lingshan |
| Taiji Quan | Yuan Chengzhi |
| Kuihua Baodian | Wen Qingqing |
| Kuihua Baodian | Tian Boguang |
| Hamo Gong | Lu Wushuang |
| Dagou Bangfa | Lu Wushuang |
| Kuihua Baodian | Duan Yu |
| Kuihua Baodian | Xu Zhu |
| Kuihua Baodian | Lin Chong |
| Taiji Quan | Hua Rong |
| Taiji Quan | Xue Baochai |
| Taiji Quan | Diao Chan |
| Taiji Quan | Huang Yueying |
| Kuihua Baodian | Xiao Qiao |
| Kuihua Baodian | Ma Chao |
+----------------+---------------+
27 rows in set (0.00 sec)
- 显示其成员数最少为3个的班级的同学中年龄大于同班同学平均年龄的同学
#把原表a拆开拼成b表,然后a跟b相连接
MariaDB [hellodb]> select name,age from students a inner join (select classid,AVG(age) aage from students where classid > 0 group by classid having count(stuid) >= 3) b on a.classid=b.classid where a.age > b.aage;
+---------------+-----+
| name | age |
+---------------+-----+
| Shi Potian | 22 |
| Xie Yanke | 53 |
| Ding Dian | 32 |
| Yu Yutong | 26 |
| Yuan Chengzhi | 23 |
| Xu Zhu | 21 |
| Lin Chong | 25 |
| Hua Rong | 23 |
| Huang Yueying | 22 |
+---------------+-----+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)
- 统计各班级中年龄大于全校同学平均年龄的同学
MariaDB [hellodb]> select name,age from students where age > (select AVG(age) from students);
+--------------+-----+
| name | age |
+--------------+-----+
| Xie Yanke | 53 |
| Ding Dian | 32 |
| Shi Qing | 46 |
| Tian Boguang | 33 |
| Sun Dasheng | 100 |
+--------------+-----+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)