RedHat下yum命令安装



RedHat下yum命令安装

1.首先到http://mirrors.163.com/centos下载软件包

x86 地址：http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/i386/Packages/

x86_64 地址：http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/

必要下载的软件包有（以64位系统为例）：

a  python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm

b  yum-3.2.29-69.el6.centos.noarch.rpm

c  yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm

d  yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-30.el6.noarch.rpm

下载命令（也可以登录地址直接手工下载）：

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.2.29-69.el6.centos.noarch.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-30.el6.noarch.rpm

2.卸载Redhat自带yum

rpm -qa | grep yum | xargs rpm -e --nodeps

注：a、xargs是一条Unix和类Unix操作系统的常用命令。它的作用是将参数列表转换成小块分段传递给其他命令，以避免参数列表过长的问题

      b、--nodeps  强制卸载,不管依赖性

3.安装下载的centos的yum包

rpm -ivh python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm

rpm -ivh yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh yum-3.2.29-69.el6.centos.noarch.rpm yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-30.el6.noarch.rpm

[注] :最后2个需要一起安装，否则会出现依赖性错误

4.到http://mirrors.163.com的 centos帮助文档 中下载CentOS6-Base-163.repo文件，存放到/etc/yum.repo.d中

5.编辑CentOS6-Base-163.repo文件，将其中的$releasever更改为centos的版本号

# CentOS-Base.repo

#

# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the

# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and

# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates

# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.

#

# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the

# remarked out baseurl= line instead.

#

#

[base]

name=CentOS-6 - Base - 163.com

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/ 6/os/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#released updates

[updates]

name=CentOS- 6 - Updates - 163.com

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/ 6/updates/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#additional packages that may be useful

[extras]

name=CentOS-6 - Extras - 163.com

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/ 6/extras/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages

[centosplus]

name=CentOS-6 - Plus - 163.com

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/ 6/centosplus/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus

gpgcheck=1

enabled=0

gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#contrib - packages by Centos Users

[contrib]

name=CentOS-6 - Contrib - 163.com

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/ 6/contrib/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib

gpgcheck=1

enabled=0

gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

6.yum clean all 清除原有缓存

7.[root@hadoop-master yum.repos.d]# yum makecache

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

base                                                                                   | 3.7 kB     00:00     

base/group_gz                                                                          | 219 kB     00:01     

base/filelists_db                                                                      | 6.3 MB     01:27     

base/primary_db                                                                        | 4.6 MB     00:56     

base/other_db                                                                          | 2.8 MB     00:51     

extras                                                                                 | 3.4 kB     00:00     

extras/filelists_db                                                                    |  37 kB     00:00     

extras/prestodelta                                                                     |  822 B     00:00     

extras/primary_db                                                                      |  35 kB     00:00     

extras/other_db                                                                        |  48 kB     00:00     

updates                                                                                | 3.4 kB     00:00     

updates/filelists_db                                                                   | 3.5 MB     00:23     

updates/prestodelta                                                                    | 496 kB     00:04     

updates/primary_db                                                                     | 4.6 MB     00:45     

updates/other_db                                                                       |  54 MB     14:10     

Metadata Cache Created

出现Metadata Cache Created表示yum更改成功

执行[root@hadoop-master yum.repos.d]# yum makecache

遇到错误

http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/addons/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] PYCURL ERROR 6 - ""

Trying other mirror.

Error: Cannot retrieve repository metadata (repomd.xml) for repository: addons. Please verify its path and try again

[root@hadoop-master etc]# vi /etc/resolv.conf

添加：nameserver 8.8.8.8