Benchmark: PHP vs. Python vs. Perl vs. Ruby
转自：http://xodian.net/serendipity/index.php?/archives/27-Benchmark-PHP-vs.-Python-vs.-Perl-vs.-Ruby.html
Today, I was looking at a couple of PHP benchmarks (the one
here for example), and they compared OOP benchmarks to Procedural benchmarks for the most part. I decided to write my own set of benchmarks using four of the most well-known web development languages that were ready-at-hand: PHP, Python, Perl, and Ruby. My benchmark also tests OOP vs. Procedural on a few terms: Execution speed and Raw lines of code written. I compare a visual estimate of memory usage between all four languages as well.
Now, one cannot draw very many conclusions from my benchmarks here, because the programs used don't really do anything useful, nor do they simulate "real-world" conditions, or practical use-cases. Remember, we learn multiple programming languages, not because of fads, but because it expands our own knowledge, and because some languages are better than others for some things; and it's helpful to be able to choose the right tool for the job.
Keep in mind the golden rule of benchmarking: All benchmarks are flawed benchmarks.
Now, one cannot draw very many conclusions from my benchmarks here, because the programs used don't really do anything useful, nor do they simulate "real-world" conditions, or practical use-cases. Remember, we learn multiple programming languages, not because of fads, but because it expands our own knowledge, and because some languages are better than others for some things; and it's helpful to be able to choose the right tool for the job.
Keep in mind the golden rule of benchmarking: All benchmarks are flawed benchmarks.
Conditions
CPU: 64-bit AMD Sempron 3000+ @ 1 GHz
OS: Gentoo Linux (x86-64) w/kernel: 2.6.22-gentoo-r6
RAM: 1 GB total
Scripting Language Versions:
PHP: 5.2.5-pl0-gentoo w/suhosin
Perl: 5.8.8
Python: 2.5.1
Ruby: 1.8.6 (2007-12-03 patchlevel 113)
All tests were run consecutively, and thus had approximately the same amount of memory and CPU time available to them.
Method
A bash script was used to automate testing and record results. A perl script was used to average the run times and give a result.
Test Programs
Two test programs were measured:
Hello - Prints "Hello World" to stdout.
Inc - Increments a variable, starting at 0.
Each program does one-million iterations, and is run ten consecutive times. It's also worthwhile to note that for these type of benchmarks use of OOP or a function would be impractical.
The test programs, shell script, perl script, and an Open Office spreadsheet can be downloaded here.
Results
Hello benchmark: (Times are in seconds)
Inc benchmark: (Times are in seconds)
Total Lines of code (including comments, etc.):
The memory usage is a percentage, obtained by watching top, and averaging the results across runs of the programs.
Conclusions
As I stated earlier, these benchmarks are not the kind you'd use OOP for (or even a function for code reuse.) However, these tests reveal that the slowest-executing programming method is: poorly-used OOP, which unfortunately is common-place nowadays. Excessive function calls also tend to add a good amount of overhead, and make for a good example of poor procedural programming. Performance really depends more on how the code is written as opposed to the paradigm in which it is written.
I'll admit, I despise 'traditional' OOP. It's messy, over-complicated, and completely unnecessary (I could rant all day.) I am, and always will be, a purely procedural programmer, and a pedantic bastard. One can have 'object-oriented' code, outside the scope of traditional OO, and traditional OO languages; in a more procedural fashion. That said, I have not biased these tests in any way.
The Neither column is the one that should be used to compare the four languages really, and going based upon that, one can conclude that writing these tests in any of the four doesn't require much more or less code than any of the others. From an execution-time perspective, Perl is the fastest overall. Perl also used the least memory overall.
Because of the number of iterations done within each test program (1 million), for simple scripts you're not going to see much of a difference in execution time between the four. However, for intensive tasks, you may see a very large difference, with Perl most-likely being faster than the other three; though as I previously stated, it all depends on how you write the code.
Eventually, I will write a few good benchmarks to show the substantial differences between OOP and procedural programming.
CPU: 64-bit AMD Sempron 3000+ @ 1 GHz
OS: Gentoo Linux (x86-64) w/kernel: 2.6.22-gentoo-r6
RAM: 1 GB total
Scripting Language Versions:
PHP: 5.2.5-pl0-gentoo w/suhosin
Perl: 5.8.8
Python: 2.5.1
Ruby: 1.8.6 (2007-12-03 patchlevel 113)
All tests were run consecutively, and thus had approximately the same amount of memory and CPU time available to them.
Method
A bash script was used to automate testing and record results. A perl script was used to average the run times and give a result.
Test Programs
Two test programs were measured:
Hello - Prints "Hello World" to stdout.
Inc - Increments a variable, starting at 0.
Each program does one-million iterations, and is run ten consecutive times. It's also worthwhile to note that for these type of benchmarks use of OOP or a function would be impractical.
The test programs, shell script, perl script, and an Open Office spreadsheet can be downloaded here.
Results
Hello benchmark: (Times are in seconds)
OO Func. Neither PHP: 4.1248 3.7656 0.9309 Ruby: 2.8940 2.7772 2.1919 Python: 1.7893 1.7498 1.3138 Perl: 1.3188 1.1824 0.6986
Inc benchmark: (Times are in seconds)
OO Func. Neither PHP: 3.7079 4.3501 0.6164 Ruby: 1.5032 1.3473 0.8810 Python: 1.0387 0.8543 0.5792 Perl: 0.4870 0.9355 0.4877
Total Lines of code (including comments, etc.):
OO Func. Neither PHP: 32 24 14 Ruby: 41 26 18 Python: 33 23 16 Perl: 61 28 19
The memory usage is a percentage, obtained by watching top, and averaging the results across runs of the programs.
Conclusions
As I stated earlier, these benchmarks are not the kind you'd use OOP for (or even a function for code reuse.) However, these tests reveal that the slowest-executing programming method is: poorly-used OOP, which unfortunately is common-place nowadays. Excessive function calls also tend to add a good amount of overhead, and make for a good example of poor procedural programming. Performance really depends more on how the code is written as opposed to the paradigm in which it is written.
I'll admit, I despise 'traditional' OOP. It's messy, over-complicated, and completely unnecessary (I could rant all day.) I am, and always will be, a purely procedural programmer, and a pedantic bastard. One can have 'object-oriented' code, outside the scope of traditional OO, and traditional OO languages; in a more procedural fashion. That said, I have not biased these tests in any way.
The Neither column is the one that should be used to compare the four languages really, and going based upon that, one can conclude that writing these tests in any of the four doesn't require much more or less code than any of the others. From an execution-time perspective, Perl is the fastest overall. Perl also used the least memory overall.
Because of the number of iterations done within each test program (1 million), for simple scripts you're not going to see much of a difference in execution time between the four. However, for intensive tasks, you may see a very large difference, with Perl most-likely being faster than the other three; though as I previously stated, it all depends on how you write the code.
Eventually, I will write a few good benchmarks to show the substantial differences between OOP and procedural programming.
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