Day28-线程状态观测、线程优先级、守护线程、线程同步

Day28-线程状态观测、线程优先级、守护线程、线程同步

线程状态观测

package com.ghy.state;
//观察测试线程的状态
public class TestState {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Thread thread = new Thread(()->{
            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {//线程等待五秒钟（阻塞状态），然后再运行
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(1000);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            System.out.println("小赵终止线程");
        });
        //观察状态
        Thread.State state =thread.getState();
        System.out.println(state);//NEW
        //观察启动后
        thread.start();//启动线程
        state =thread.getState();
        System.out.println(state);//RUN
        //只要线程不终止就一直输出状态
        while(state != Thread.State.TERMINATED){//判断线程是否终止
            try {
                Thread.sleep(100);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            ;
            state = thread.getState();//更新线程状态
            System.out.println(state);//输出状态

        }
        //thread.start();线程无法启动（死亡后的线程不能再次启动）
    }
}

输出

NEW
RUNNABLE
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
小赵来咯
TERMINATED

线程优先级

package com.ghy.state;
//测试线程的优先级
public class TestPriority {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //主线默认优先级
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-->"+Thread.currentThread().getPriority());
        MyPriority myPriority =new MyPriority();
        Thread t1 = new Thread(myPriority);
        Thread t2 = new Thread(myPriority);
        Thread t3 = new Thread(myPriority);
        Thread t4 = new Thread(myPriority);
        Thread t5 = new Thread(myPriority);
        Thread t6 = new Thread(myPriority);
        //先设置优先级，在启动
        t1.start();

        t2.setPriority(1);
        t2.start();

        t3.setPriority(4);
        t3.start();

        t4.setPriority(Thread.MAX_PRIORITY);//最大优先级，MAX_PRIORITY=10
        t4.start();

        t5.setPriority(8);
        t5.start();

        t6.setPriority(7);
        t6.start();

    }
}
class MyPriority implements Runnable{
    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-->"+Thread.currentThread().getPriority());
    }//每个线程打印自己的名字，和自己的优先级
}

输出

main-->5//默认优先级
Thread-0-->5
Thread-3-->10//概率问题
Thread-1-->1
Thread-2-->4
Thread-5-->7
Thread-4-->8

守护线程

package com.ghy.state;
//测试守护线程
public class TestDaemon {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        XiaoGong xiaoGong = new XiaoGong();
        XiaoZhao xiaoZhao = new XiaoZhao();

        Thread thread =new Thread(xiaoZhao);
        thread.setDaemon(true);//默认是false表示用户线程，正常的线程都是用户线程。。。

        thread.start();//小赵守护线程启动
        new Thread(xiaoGong).start();//小龚用户线程启动
    }
}
//小赵
class XiaoZhao implements Runnable{
    @Override
    public void run() {
        while(true){
            System.out.println("小赵保佑着小龚");
        }
    }
}

//小龚
class XiaoGong implements Runnable{
    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            System.out.println("小龚被小赵守护的第"+i+"天");
        }
        System.out.println("和小赵白头!");
    }
}

输出

小龚用户线程结束，小赵守护线程也结束，由于虚拟机停止需要一段时间，所以运行了一会才结束

线程同步

多个线程操作统一个资源

• 并发：同一个对象被多个线程同时操作

  

队列和锁

三大不安全案例

• 买票不安全

package com.ghy.syn;
//不安全的买票
//线程不安全
public class UnsafeBuyTicket {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BuyTicket buyTicket =new BuyTicket();
        new Thread(buyTicket,"赵学生").start();
        new Thread(buyTicket,"赵老师").start();
        new Thread(buyTicket,"赵黄牛").start();
    }
}
//买票的方法
class BuyTicket implements Runnable{
    //10张票
    private int ticketNums =10;
    boolean flag =true;//外部停止方式

    @Override
    public void run() {
        //买票
        while (flag){
            buy();
        }
    }
    private void buy(){
        //判断是否有票
        if(ticketNums<=0){
            flag=false;//循环停止
            return;
        }
        //模拟延时
        try {
            Thread.sleep(100);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        //买票
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"拿到了第"+ticketNums--+"张票!");
    }
}

输出

这三个线程会抢到同一张票，也有可能票为负数。

• 银行取钱

package com.ghy.syn;
//不安全的取钱
//两个人去取钱，要有账户
public class UnsafeBank {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //账户
        Account account =new Account(100,"结婚基金");
        Drawing xiaoZhao =new Drawing(account,50,"小赵");
        Drawing xiaoGong =new Drawing(account,80,"小龚");
        //线程启动
        xiaoZhao.start();
        xiaoGong.start();
    }
}
//账户
class Account{
    int money;//余额
    String name;//卡名

    public Account(int money, String name) {
        this.money = money;
        this.name = name;
    }
}

//银行：模拟取钱
class Drawing extends Thread{
    Account account;//账户
    int drawingMoney;//取了多少钱
    int nowMoney;//现在多少钱
    public Drawing (Account account,int drawingMoney,String name){
        super(name);
        this.account=account;
        this.drawingMoney=drawingMoney;
    }
    //取钱

    @Override
    public void run() {
        //判断余额是否有钱取出
        if(account.money-drawingMoney<0){
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"你个穷瓜蛋没有钱!");
            return;
        }
        //模拟延时
        //sleep可以方法问题的发生性
        try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        //卡内余额=余额-你取出来的钱
        account.money = account.money - drawingMoney;
        //你手里现在的钱=现在的钱 + 你取出来的钱
        nowMoney = nowMoney + drawingMoney;
        System.out.println(account.name+"余额为"+account.money);
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"手里的钱"+nowMoney);
    }
}

输出

结婚基金余额为50
小赵手里的钱50
结婚基金余额为-30
小龚手里的钱80

问题：余额成了负数

• 线程不安全的集合

package com.ghy.syn;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

//线程不安全的集合
public class UnsafeList {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<String> list =new  ArrayList<String>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
            new Thread(()->{
                list.add(Thread.currentThread().getName());
            }).start();
        }
        //模拟延时
        try {
            Thread.sleep(3000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        //输出线程集合大小
        System.out.println(list.size());
    }
}

输出

9999