Stateless4j 使用教程

Stateless4j 使用教程

stateless4jLightweight Java State Machine项目地址:https://gitcode.com/gh_mirrors/st/stateless4j

项目介绍

Stateless4j 是一个轻量级的 Java 状态机库，它提供了基本的状态转换和动作执行功能。这个库是基于 .NET 的 Stateless 库移植而来，旨在帮助开发者构建无状态服务，通过将业务逻辑与会话状态分离，提高服务的可扩展性和可靠性。

项目快速启动

环境准备

首先，确保你的开发环境已经安装了 Java 和 Maven。然后，将 Stateless4j 添加到你的项目依赖中。

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.github.oxo42</groupId>
    <artifactId>stateless4j</artifactId>
    <version>2.6.0</version>
</dependency>

创建状态机

以下是一个简单的状态机示例，展示了如何定义状态和触发器，并进行状态转换。

import com.github.oxo42.stateless4j.StateMachine;
import com.github.oxo42.stateless4j.StateMachineConfig;

public class StateMachineExample {

    enum State {
        OFF_HOOK,
        RINGING,
        CONNECTED
    }

    enum Trigger {
        CALL_DIALED,
        HUNG_UP,
        CALL_CONNECTED
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        StateMachineConfig<State, Trigger> config = new StateMachineConfig<>();

        config.configure(State.OFF_HOOK)
            .permit(Trigger.CALL_DIALED, State.RINGING);

        config.configure(State.RINGING)
            .permit(Trigger.HUNG_UP, State.OFF_HOOK)
            .permit(Trigger.CALL_CONNECTED, State.CONNECTED);

        config.configure(State.CONNECTED)
            .onEntry(StateMachineExample::startCallTimer)
            .onExit(StateMachineExample::stopCallTimer)
            .permit(Trigger.HUNG_UP, State.OFF_HOOK)
            .permit(Trigger.LEFT_MESSAGE, State.OFF_HOOK);

        StateMachine<State, Trigger> phoneCall = new StateMachine<>(State.OFF_HOOK, config);

        phoneCall.fire(Trigger.CALL_DIALED);
        System.out.println("Current state: " + phoneCall.getState());

        phoneCall.fire(Trigger.CALL_CONNECTED);
        System.out.println("Current state: " + phoneCall.getState());

        phoneCall.fire(Trigger.HUNG_UP);
        System.out.println("Current state: " + phoneCall.getState());
    }

    private static void startCallTimer() {
        System.out.println("Call started");
    }

    private static void stopCallTimer() {
        System.out.println("Call ended");
    }
}

应用案例和最佳实践

应用案例

Stateless4j 可以应用于多种场景，例如订单状态管理、工作流引擎、游戏状态机等。以下是一个订单状态管理的简单示例：

enum OrderState {
    CREATED,
    PAID,
    SHIPPED,
    COMPLETED
}

enum OrderTrigger {
    PAY,
    SHIP,
    COMPLETE
}

StateMachineConfig<OrderState, OrderTrigger> orderConfig = new StateMachineConfig<>();

orderConfig.configure(OrderState.CREATED)
    .permit(OrderTrigger.PAY, OrderState.PAID);

orderConfig.configure(OrderState.PAID)
    .permit(OrderTrigger.SHIP, OrderState.SHIPPED);

orderConfig.configure(OrderState.SHIPPED)
    .permit(OrderTrigger.COMPLETE, OrderState.COMPLETED);

StateMachine<OrderState, OrderTrigger> orderStateMachine = new StateMachine<>(OrderState.CREATED, orderConfig);

orderStateMachine.fire(OrderTrigger.PAY);
orderStateMachine.fire(OrderTrigger.SHIP);
orderStateMachine.fire(OrderTrigger.COMPLETE);

最佳实践

1. 状态和触发器使用枚举：使用枚举类型来定义状态和触发器，可以提高代码的可读性和可维护性。
2. 状态转换逻辑集中管理：将状态转换逻辑集中在一个配置类中，便于

stateless4jLightweight Java State Machine项目地址:https://gitcode.com/gh_mirrors/st/stateless4j