索引器的秘密

从代码学Index

Indexer（索引）|----->索引器可以简化C#类型信息的访问<-----|

• 索引器是承担各种检索和查找的工作

• 分为以下几种模式进行应用:

  • 单列集合访问:

    public class SingleColumn
    {
      private static string[] countries = new string[]{};
      //访问器的规则
      public string this[int index]
      {
        get
        {
          return countries[index];
        }
      }
      public string[] this[string name]
      {
        get
        {
          if(countries == null || countries.Length <=0)
          {
            return null;
          }
          return Array.FindAll<string>(countries,(candicate)=>{
            return candicate.StartWith(name);
          })
        }
      }
    }
    

  • 多列集合访问

    public class MultiColumn
    {
      private static DataSet data = new DataSet();
      static MultiColumn()
      {
        data.Tables.Add("Data");
        data.Tables[0].Columns.Add("name");
        data.Tables[0].Columns.Add("gender");
        
      }
    }
    

  • 具有联合索引的类的创建:

    public struct Employee
    {
      public string FirstName;
      public string LastName;
      public string Title;
      public Employee(DataRow row)
      {
        this.FirstName = row["FirstName"] as string;
        this.LastName  = row["LastName"]  as string;
        this.Title 		 = row["Title"] as string;
      }
    }
    public class Staff
    {
      static DataTable data = new DataTable();
      static Staff()
      {
        data.Columns.Add("FirstName");
        data.Columns.Add("LastName");
        data.Columns.Add("Title");
        //pk:f+l
        data.PrimaryKey = new DataColumn[]{data.Columns[0],data.Columns[1]};
        
        data.Rows.Add("Joseph","Doe","Manager");
        data.Rows.Add("Simon","Kobe","HR");
      }
      //基于联合的PK查询
      public Employee this[string firstName,string lastName]
      {
        get
        {
          DataRow row = data.Rows.Find(new object[]{firstName,lastName});
          return new Employee(row);
        }
      }
    }
    

  • 通过委托传递索引规则:

    public class Dashboard
    {
      float[] temps = new float[10]{};
      public float this[Predicate<float> predicate]
      {
        get
        {
        	float[] matches = Array.FindAll<float>(temps,predicate);  
        }
      }
    }
    
    //调用时更酷炫
    Dashboard db = new Dashboard();
    float actual = dashboard[(data)=>{
      return data>63F;
    }];
    

总结

​ 感受到了 this在数组中的酷炫了吧?但是，不要忘了这个索引的本质就是微软提供的数组或者DataTable在作祟罢了。