spring文件的上传和下载

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已于 2023-05-25 14:15:14 修改

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文章标签： spring java

于 2023-05-23 16:12:39 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/gjh7852675/article/details/130828888

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1.要求上传的图片大小不能超过2M

2.只能上传jpg后缀的

1.导入依赖:

<!--Spring的基础包Spring-core-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--Spring的基础包Spring-beans-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--Spring的基础包Spring-context-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--Spring的基础包Spring-expression-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--Spring的依赖包commons-logging-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--Spring 提供的 jdbc包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--Spring MVC的核心-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Servlet-api -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--JSTL-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
            <version>1.4</version>
        </dependency>

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/jakartaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/jakartaee https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/jakartaee/web-app_5_0.xsd"
         version="5.0">
    <!--配置Spring MVC-->
    <!--1、配置前端控制器-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!--初始化参数，读取spring-mvc.xml文件-->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <!--启动参数-->
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd">
    <!--(1)配置处理器映射信息,扫描控制层的包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="controller"/>
    <!--(2)视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/jsp/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

    <!--配置注解驱动-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    <!--配置文件上传-->
    <bean id="multipartResolver"
          class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="2097152"/>
    </bean>
    <!--配置文件大小超过后的异常-->
    <bean class="controller.ExceptionHandler"/>
</beans>

UserController

package controller;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;

@Controller
public class Upload {
    // 用户头像上传
    @PostMapping("/uploadImage")
    public String uploadUserHeader(@RequestParam("filename") MultipartFile filename,
                                   Model model) {
        // 判断文件是否为空，文件不为空
        if (!filename.getContentType().equals("image/jpeg")) {
            model.addAttribute("msg", "文件类型的只能为jpg");
        }
        if (filename.getContentType().equals("image/jpeg")) {
            String orgName = filename.getOriginalFilename();
            // 文件存放的路径
            String path = "D:\\java\\images";
            File pathFile = new File(path);
            // 判断路径是否存在，不存在则创建
            if (!pathFile.exists()) {
                pathFile.mkdirs();
            }
            // 将文件存储到物理磁盘中
            String filePath = path + File.separator + orgName;
            try {
                filename.transferTo(new File(filePath));
                // 如何存储文件保存信息（在数据库中存储文件存储路径，大小，类型.....）
                model.addAttribute("img", orgName);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return "upload";
    }

    // 下载文件
    @GetMapping("/downImage")
    public ResponseEntity<byte[]> downloadUserHeader(@RequestParam("filename") String filename) {
        String path = "D:\\java\\images";
        String filePath = path + File.separator + filename;
        if (filename.isEmpty()){

        }

        // 设置头部
        HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
        // 以下载的形式打开文件
        headers.setContentDispositionFormData("attachment", getEncodedFilename(filename));
        // 以流的形式进行文件下载
        headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM);

        ResponseEntity<byte[]> responseEntity = null;
        try {
            responseEntity = new ResponseEntity<byte[]>(
                    FileUtils.readFileToByteArray(new File(filePath)),
                    headers,
                    HttpStatus.OK);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return responseEntity;
    }

    // 获取编码后的文件名
    private String getEncodedFilename(String filename) {
        String encodedFilename = null;
        encodedFilename = new String(filename.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), StandardCharsets.ISO_8859_1);
        return encodedFilename;
    }
}

ExceptionHandler

package controller;

import org.springframework.web.multipart.MaxUploadSizeExceededException;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExceptionResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;


/**
 * 自定义异常处理器类
 */
public class ExceptionHandler implements HandlerExceptionResolver {
    /**
     * 处理上传文件大小超过限制抛出的异常
     */
    @Override
    public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest req,
                                         HttpServletResponse res, Object ob, Exception ex) {
        ModelAndView mv=new ModelAndView();
        //判断异常类型，来跳转不同页面
        if (ex instanceof MaxUploadSizeExceededException){
            //指定错误信息
            mv.addObject("msg", "上传的文件大小不能超过2M");
            //设置跳转视图
            mv.setViewName("upload");
            return mv;
        }
        //其他异常
        return null;
    }
}

upload.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ page isELIgnored="false" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title></title>
</head>
<body>
<div>
    <span style="color: yellow;">${msg}</span>
    <!--文件上传，设置文件表单-->
    <form action="/uploadImage" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        <input type="file" name="filename" multiple="multiple" style="color: chartreuse">
        <input type="submit" value="上传">
    </form>
    <!--文件下载-->
    <a href="/downImage?filename=${img}">图片下载</a>
</div>
</body>
</html>

包：