第五单元网络文件系统

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-21 10:12:15 发布

gk1205&0802

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-21 10:12:15 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/gk12050802/article/details/121261126

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本文详细介绍了Linux系统中Samba、NFS和iSCSI的配置与管理。从Samba服务的基本信息、安装启用、用户建立、共享目录设置和访问控制，到NFS的启用、自动挂载，以及iscsi的使用，每个步骤都配合具体命令操作，展示了如何实现跨系统文件共享和远程存储设备的挂载。

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samba服务简介

作用:
smb = Server Message Block Sum
cifs = Common Internet File System Miscrosoft
windows系统共享文件时用到的协议smb
smb是由miscrosoft+sun

Linux系统中用到的协议时 cifs

samba基本信息

服务启动脚本:    smb.service
主配置目录:     /etc/samba
主配置文件:    /etc/smb.conf
安全上下文:    samba_share_t
端口: 139 445
安装包:   samba   samba-common

samba的安装与启用

服务端nodea中操作：

dnf install samba-client samba-common samba -y

systemctl enable --now smb.service

firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=samba

firewall-cmd --reload

客户端nodeb中操作：

dnf install samba-client -y

root@westoslinux212 yum.repos.d]# smbclient -L //172.25.254.112
Enter SAMBA\root's password:
Anonymous login successful

   Sharename       Type      Comment
   ---------       ----      -------
   print$          Disk      Printer Drivers
   IPC$            IPC       IPC Service (Samba 4.11.2)
SMB1 disabled -- no workgroup available

samba用户的建立

samba用户必须是被地存在的用户

samba用户的建立

smbpasswd -a lee         添加用户
pdbedit -L                        查看用户列表
pdbedit -x lee                  删除用户

samba服务共享目录

在服务端nodea中操作：

[root@westoslinux112 samba]# mkdir /westosdir

[root@westoslinux112 samba]#chnod 777 /westosdir

[root@westoslinux112 samba]# touch /westosdir/westosfile{1..5}

[root@westoslinux112 samba]# semanage fcontext -a -t samba_share_t '/westosdir(/.*)?'
[root@westoslinux112 samba]# restorecon -RvvF /westosdir

[root@westoslinux112 samba]# ls -Zd /westosdir
system_u:object_r:samba_share_t:s0 /westosdir
[root@westoslinux112 samba]# touch /westosdir/westosfile{1..5}
[root@westoslinux112 samba]# ls -Z /westosdir
unconfined_u:object_r:samba_share_t:s0 westosfile1
unconfined_u:object_r:samba_share_t:s0 westosfile2
unconfined_u:object_r:samba_share_t:s0 westosfile3
unconfined_u:object_r:samba_share_t:s0 westosfile4
unconfined_u:object_r:samba_share_t:s0 westosfile5

[root@westoslinux112 samba]# vim /etc/samba/smb.conf

编辑内容：

[westosdir]

       comment = westosdir
       path = /westosdir

[root@westoslinux112 samba]# systemctl restart smb.service

[root@westoslinux112 samba]# smbclient //172.25.254.112/westosdir -U westos
Enter MYGROUP\westos's password:
Try "help" to get a list of possible commands.
smb: \> ls
.                                   D        0 Thu Nov 11 09:48:20 2021
..                                  D        0 Thu Nov 11 09:42:30 2021
westosfile1                         N        0 Thu Nov 11 09:48:20 2021
westosfile2                         N        0 Thu Nov 11 09:48:20 2021
westosfile3                         N        0 Thu Nov 11 09:48:20 2021
westosfile4                         N        0 Thu Nov 11 09:48:20 2021
westosfile5                         N        0 Thu Nov 11 09:48:20 2021

       17814528 blocks of size 1024. 14433372 blocks available
smb: \> quit

在客户端nodeb中操作：

[root@westoslinux212 yum.repos.d]# smbclient //172.25.254.112/westosdir -U lee
Enter SAMBA\lee's password:
Try "help" to get a list of possible commands.
smb: \> ls
.                                   D        0 Thu Nov 11 09:48:20 2021
..                                  D        0 Thu Nov 11 09:42:30 2021
westosfile1                         N        0 Thu Nov 11 09:48:20 2021
westosfile2                         N        0 Thu Nov 11 09:48:20 2021
westosfile3                         N        0 Thu Nov 11 09:48:20 2021
westosfile4                         N        0 Thu Nov 11 09:48:20 2021
westosfile5                         N        0 Thu Nov 11 09:48:20 2021

       17814528 blocks of size 1024. 14435336 blocks available

[root@westoslinux212 ~]# mount -o username=lee,password=lee //172.25.254.112/westosdir /mnt

[root@westoslinux212 ~]# df
Filesystem                 1K-blocks    Used Available Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                      919792       0    919792   0% /dev
tmpfs                         935396       0    935396   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                         935396    9644    925752   2% /run
tmpfs                         935396       0    935396   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/vda3                   17814528 3337888 14476640 19% /
/dev/vda1                    1038336 173172    865164 17% /boot
tmpfs                         187076    1188    185888   1% /run/user/42
tmpfs                         187076      36    187040   1% /run/user/0
//172.25.254.112/westosdir 17814528 3379172 14435356 19% /mnt
[root@westoslinux212 ~]# cd /mnt
[root@westoslinux212 mnt]# ls
westosfile1 westosfile2 westosfile3 westosfile4 westosfile5      共享目录建立成功

samba的访问控制

vim /etc/samba/smb.conf

编辑内容：

hosts allow = 172.25.254.212 212只允许访问

systemctl restart sam.service

[root@westoslinux112 samba]# mount -o username=lee,password=lee //172.25.254.112/westosdir /mnt
mount: /mnt: special device //172.25.254.112/westosdir does not exist. 112访问被拒绝

[root@westoslinux212 ~]# mount -o username=lee,password=lee //172.25.254.112/westosdir /mnt
[root@westoslinux212 ~]# df
Filesystem                 1K-blocks    Used Available Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                      919792       0    919792   0% /dev
tmpfs                         935396       0    935396   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                         935396    9644    925752   2% /run
tmpfs                         935396       0    935396   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/vda3                   17814528 3337824 14476704 19% /
/dev/vda1                    1038336 173172    865164 17% /boot
tmpfs                         187076    1188    185888   1% /run/user/42
tmpfs                         187076      36    187040   1% /run/user/0
//172.25.254.112/westosdir 17814528 3380084 14434444 19% /mnt    212直接可以挂载

在客户端nodea中操作

[root@westoslinux112 samba]# vim /etc/samba/smb.conf

编辑内容：

hosts deny = 172.25.254.212 不允许212访问

systemctl restart sam.service

[root@westoslinux112 samba]# mount -o username=lee,password=lee //172.25.254.112/westosdir /mnt
[root@westoslinux112 samba]# df
Filesystem                 1K-blocks    Used Available Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                      919792       0    919792   0% /dev
tmpfs                         935396       0    935396   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs

[root@westoslinux212 ~]# mount -o username=lee,password=lee //172.25.254.112/westosdir /mnt
mount: /mnt: special device //172.25.254.112/westosdir does not exist.

935396 9