常用方法（图片逆光度、傅里叶变换、寻找波峰波谷、计算俯仰/侧脸）

1.计算图片逆光度

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import cv2
import numpy as np
import os
import math


def get_fm(file_name):
	image = cv2.imread(file_name,0)
	hist = cv2.calcHist([image],[0],None,[256],[0,256])

	nums=image.shape[0]*image.shape[1]
	hist=hist/nums

	# 总体均值
	u=0
	for i in range(256):
		u+=hist[i]*i
	# print(u)

	# 总体方差
	a=0
	for i in range(256):
		a+=hist[i]*pow((i-u),2)
	# print(a)

	# 逆光度
	dbl=np.sqrt(a)
	
	return dbl



# file_name='data2/img/blur (8).jpg'
# dbl=get_fm(file_name)
# print(dbl)

path='img/'
for file in os.listdir(path):
	file_name=path+file
	dbl=get_fm(file_name)
	print(file, dbl)

2.图像傅里叶变换

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import cv2
import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

#读取图像
file_name="img/a.jpg"
img = cv2.imread(file_name, 0)
img=cv2.resize(img,(500,500))

#快速傅里叶变换算法得到频率分布
f = np.fft.fft2(img)
#默认结果中心点位置是在左上角,
#调用fftshift()函数转移到中间位置
fshift = np.fft.fftshift(f)       
#fft结果是复数, 其绝对值结果是振幅
fimg = np.log(np.abs(fshift))


# 1.高通滤波——把中心的低频信息都去掉，保留周围的高频信息
area=30
rows, cols = img.shape
crow, ccol = int(rows/2), int(cols/2)
fshift[crow-area:crow+area, ccol-area:ccol+area] = 0


# # 2.低通滤波——保留中心的低频信息，把周围的高频信息都去掉
# area=30
# rows, cols = img.shape
# crow,ccol = int(rows/2), int(cols/2)
# mask = np.zeros((rows, cols), np.uint8)
# mask[crow-area:crow+area, ccol-area:ccol+area] = 1
# f = fshift * mask

#傅里叶逆变换
ishift = np.fft.ifftshift(fshift)
iimg = np.fft.ifft2(ishift)
iimg = np.abs(iimg)

# cv2.imwrite("data/data1/test/a1-sharp.jpg",iimg)


# #展示结果
# plt.subplot(221), plt.imshow(img, 'gray'), plt.title('Original Fourier')
# plt.axis('off')
# plt.subplot(222), plt.imshow(fimg, 'gray'), plt.title('Fourier Fourier')
# plt.axis('off')
# plt.subplot(223), plt.imshow(iimg, 'gray'), plt.title('Fourier Fourier')
# plt.axis('off')
# plt.show()

3.寻找信号的波峰波谷

import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from scipy import signal #滤波等

# xxx = np.arange(0, 1000)
# yyy = np.sin(xxx*np.pi/180)

# z1 = np.polyfit(xxx, yyy, 7) # 用7次多项式拟合
# p1 = np.poly1d(z1) #多项式系数
# yvals=p1(xxx) 


xxx = np.arange(0, 1000)
yvals = np.sin(xxx*np.pi/180)

# 寻找极大值
maxs_x=signal.argrelextrema(yvals,np.greater)[0]
maxs_y=yvals[signal.argrelextrema(yvals, np.greater)]

# 寻找极小值
mins_x=signal.argrelextrema(yvals,np.less)[0]
mins_y=yvals[signal.argrelextrema(yvals, np.less)]
print(mins_x, mins_y) #极大值的x轴

plt.plot(xxx, yvals, 'r',label='polyfit values')
plt.xlabel('x axis')
plt.ylabel('y axis')
plt.plot(maxs_x,maxs_y, 'o', color='blue', markersize=5) #极大值点
plt.plot(mins_x, mins_y,'o', color='green', markersize=5) #极小值点
plt.show()

4.计算人脸的俯仰值/侧脸值

import glob
from PIL import Image
import os
import numpy as np
import xlrd
import xlutils.copy
import dlib
import cv2
from PIL import Image
import numpy as np
import time
import imutils

def face_detect(pic):
    detector = dlib.get_frontal_face_detector()
    predictor = dlib.shape_predictor('class/shape_predictor_68_face_landmarks.dat')
    img = np.copy(pic)
    # img_gray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_RGB2GRAY)

    # 人脸数rects
    points = []
    rects = detector(img, 1)
    if len(rects)!=1:
        print("face detection fail!")
        
    else:
        landmarks = np.matrix([[p.x, p.y] for p in predictor(img, rects[0]).parts()])
        for idx, point in enumerate(landmarks):
            x = point[0, 0]
            y = point[0, 1]
            points.append([x, y])
        
            # 画图和点
            cv2.circle(img, (x,y), 9, (0, 255, 0), thickness=-1, lineType=cv2.FILLED)
            cv2.putText(img, str(idx), (x,y), cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX, 1.5, (0, 0, 255), 2,cv2.LINE_AA)

    return img, np.array(points)


def get_radio(point):
    # 侧脸：24-12  18-24   (39-27  42-27)
    left = abs(point[39][0] - point[27][0])
    right = abs(point[42][0] - point[27][0])

    num1=max(left,right)
    num2=min(left,right)
    sideways_radio = num1/num2

    # 俯仰1：top:6-0(21-22)中间    median:26(30) 鼻尖    bottom:41(57)下嘴唇
    # 俯仰2：26-24/41-29   (30-27/57-33)

    top=np.sqrt( (point[30][0]-point[27][0])**2 + (point[30][1]-point[27][1])**2 )
    bottom=np.sqrt( (point[57][0]-point[33][0])**2 + (point[57][1]-point[33][1])**2 )
    pitch_radio=top/bottom

    top2=point[30][1]-point[27][1]
    bottom2=point[57][1]-point[33][1]
    pitch_radio2=top2/bottom2
    # print(top,bottom,pitch_radio)

    return sideways_radio,pitch_radio,pitch_radio2


f1 = open("img/data.txt", 'w+')
n=0
path = "img/0/"
# save="img4/src/1-2/"
for root,dirs,files in os.walk(path):
    for file in files:
        if file.endswith('jpg'):
            file_name=root+"/"+file
            n+=1
            # 人脸检测，获取坐标点
            pic=cv2.imread(file_name)
            img_face,point=face_detect(pic)   #人脸检测
            print(point)
            if len(point)!=0:
                sideways_radio,pitch_radio,pitch_radio2=get_radio(point)
                print(n,root+file,sideways_radio,pitch_radio)
                f1.write(str(n)+'  '+(root + file)+'  '+str(sideways_radio)+'  '+str(pitch_radio)+'  '+str(pitch_radio2)+"  \n")
            else:
                f1.write(str(n) + '  ' + (root + file) + '  ' + str(0) + '  ' + str(0)+ '  ' + str(0)+"  \n")