1.客户端
package cn.enjoyedu.ch02.echo;
import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
public class EchoClient {
private final int port;
private final String host;
public EchoClient(int port, String host) {
this.port = port;
this.host = host;
}
public void start() throws InterruptedException {
EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();/*线程组*/
try {
Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap();/*客户端启动必备*/
b.group(group)
.channel(NioSocketChannel.class)/*指明使用NIO进行网络通讯*/
.remoteAddress(new InetSocketAddress(host,port))/*配置远程服务器的地址*/
.handler(new EchoClientHandler());
ChannelFuture f = b.connect().sync();/*连接到远程节点,阻塞等待直到连接完成*/
/*阻塞,直到channel关闭*/
f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
} finally {
group.shutdownGracefully().sync();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
new EchoClient(9999,"127.0.0.1").start();
}
}
Handler
package cn.enjoyedu.ch02.echo;
import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;
public class EchoClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<ByteBuf> {
/*客户端读取到数据后干什么*/
@Override
protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ByteBuf msg)
throws Exception {
System.out.println("Client accetp:"+msg.toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
}
/*客户端被通知channel活跃以后,做事*/
@Override
public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
//往服务器写数据
ctx.writeAndFlush(Unpooled.copiedBuffer("Hello,Netty",
CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
}
@Override
public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
System.out.println("channelReadComplete");
}
@Override
public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause)
throws Exception {
cause.printStackTrace();
ctx.close();
}
}
2、服务端
package cn.enjoyedu.ch02.echo;
import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
public class EchoServer {
private final int port;
public EchoServer(int port) {
this.port = port;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
int port = 9999;
EchoServer echoServer = new EchoServer(port);
System.out.println("服务器即将启动");
echoServer.start();
System.out.println("服务器关闭");
}
public void start() throws InterruptedException {
final EchoServerHandler serverHandler = new EchoServerHandler();
/*线程组*/
EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
try {
ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();/*服务端启动必备*/
b.group(group)
/*指明使用NIO进行网络通讯*/
.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
/*指明服务器监听端口*/
.localAddress(new InetSocketAddress(port))
/*接收到连接请求,新启一个socket通信,也就是channel,每个channel
* 有自己的事件的handler*/
.childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
@Override
protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
ch.pipeline().addLast(new EchoServerHandler());
}
});
ChannelFuture f = b.bind().sync();/*绑定到端口,阻塞等待直到连接完成*/
/*阻塞,直到channel关闭*/
f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
} finally {
group.shutdownGracefully().sync();
}
}
}
Handler
package cn.enjoyedu.ch02.echo;
import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFutureListener;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandler;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;
/*指明我这个handler可以在多个channel之间共享,意味这个实现必须线程安全的。*/
@ChannelHandler.Sharable
public class EchoServerHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
/*** 服务端读取到网络数据后的处理*/
@Override
public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg)
throws Exception {
ByteBuf in = (ByteBuf)msg;/*netty实现的缓冲区*/
System.out.println("Server Accept:"+in.toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
ctx.write(in);
}
/*** 服务端读取完成网络数据后的处理*/
@Override
public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx)
throws Exception {
ctx.writeAndFlush(Unpooled.EMPTY_BUFFER)/*flush掉所有的数据*/
.addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE);/*当flush完成后,关闭连接*/
}
/*** 发生异常后的处理*/
@Override
public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause)
throws Exception {
cause.printStackTrace();
ctx.close();
}
}
3、流程:
(1)服务端启动,等待连接
(2)客户端启动,连接到服务器,EchoClientHandler channelActive方法执行(向服务端传输数据)
(3)服务端 EchoServerHandler channelRead方法执行(读取客户端传输的数据)
(4)读取完客户端传输的数据后,执行服务端 EchoServerHandler channelReadComplete方法(向客户端传输数据)
(5)客户端EchoClientHandler channelRead方法执行(读取服务端传输的数据)
(6)读取完服务端传输的数据后,客户端EchoClientHandler channelReadComplete方法执行