实现`Collector`接口

实现Collector接口

为什么要实现Collector接口

有三种方法创建Collector接口

1. Collectors工厂类

2. 调用collect()

3. 自己实现Collector接口

理解Collector接口的参数类型

查看接口参数

interface Collector<T, A, R> {

    // content of the interface
}

首先检查T和R类型

• Tstream流中元素类型

• R通过Collector处理后结果类型

toList()中R为List<T>，toSet()中R为Set<T>。

groupingBy()中R为Map。

A的类型处理非常复杂，如果你使用IDE可能不会显式的提示

example

Collection<String> strings =
        List.of("two", "three", "four", "five", "six", "seven", "eight", "nine",
                "ten", "eleven", "twelve");

Collector<String, ?, List<String>> listCollector = Collectors.toList();
List<String> list = strings.stream().collect(listCollector);

Collector<String, ?, Set<String>> setCollector = Collectors.toSet();
Set<String> set = strings.stream().collect(setCollector);

Collector<String, ?, Map<Integer, Long>> groupingBy = 
        Collectors.groupingBy(String::length, Collectors.counting());
Map<Integer, Long> map = strings.stream().collect(groupingBy);

如果自己实现Collector接口，就必须要显式的给出A的类型。A是中间可变的容器类型。例如toList()是ArrayList，toSet()是HashSet。

理解Collector的特征

Collector.Characteristics

有3个特征

1. IDENTITY_FINISH有该特征的不会调用finisher

2. UNORDERED不保证处理stream流中元素的顺序性，toSet()有该特征，toList()没有该特征

3. CONCURRENT该特征对并行流特别重要。表示存储stream流中元素的容器（accumulator）支持并发访问。

实现类似toList()和toSet()的Collector

example1

class ToList<T> implements Collector<T, List<T>, List<T>> {


    public Supplier<List<T>> supplier() {
        return ArrayList::new;
    }

    public BiConsumer<List<T>, T> accumulator() {
        return Collection::add;
    }

    public BinaryOperator<List<T>> combiner() {
        return (list1, list2) -> {list1.addAll(list2); return list1; };
    }

    public Function<List<T>, List<T>> finisher() {
        return Function.identity();
    }

    public Set<Characteristics> characteristics() {
        return Set.of(Characteristics.IDENTITY_FINISH);
    }
}

use case

Collection<String> strings =
        List.of("one", "two", "three", "four", "five") ;

List<String> result = strings.stream().collect(new ToList<>());
System.out.println("result = " + result);

result

result = [one, two, three, four, five]

example2

class ToSet<T> implements Collector<T, List<T>, List<T>> {


    public Supplier<List<T>> supplier() {
        return HashSet::new;
    }

    public BiConsumer<List<T>, T> accumulator() {
        return Collection::add;
    }

    public BinaryOperator<List<T>> combiner() {
        return (list1, list2) -> {list1.addAll(list2); return list1; };
    }

    public Function<List<T>, List<T>> finisher() {
        return Function.identity();
    }

    public Set<Characteristics> characteristics() {
        return Set.of(Characteristics.UNORDERED);
    }
}

实现类似joining()的Collector

example

class Joining implements Collector<String, StringBuffer, String> {

    public Supplier<StringBuffer> supplier() {
        return StringBuffer::new;
    }

    public BiConsumer<StringBuffer, String> accumulator() {
        return StringBuffer::append;
    }

    public BinaryOperator<StringBuffer> combiner() {
        return StringBuffer::append;
    }

    public Function<StringBuffer, String> finisher() {
        return Object::toString;
    }

    public Set<Characteristics> characteristics() {
        return Set.of();
    }
}

use case

Collection<String> strings =
        List.of("one", "two", "three", "four", "five") ;

String result = strings.stream().collect(new Joining());
System.out.println("result = " + result);

result

result = onetwothreefourfive