5种数据存储方式之文件和Preferences

l 文件

Context.MODE_PRIVATE：为默认操作模式，代表该文件是私有数据，只能被应用本身访问，在该模式下，写入的内容会覆盖原文件的内容，如果想把新写入的内容追加到原文件中。可以使用Context.MODE_APPEND

Context.MODE_APPEND：模式会检查文件是否存在，存在就往文件追加内容，否则就创建新文件。

Context.MODE_WORLD_READABLE和Context.MODE_WORLD_WRITEABLE用来控制其他应用是否有权限读写该文件。

MODE_WORLD_READABLE：表示当前文件可以被其他应用读取；MODE_WORLD_WRITEABLE：表示当前文件可以被其他应用写入。

如果希望文件被其他应用读和写，可以传入：

openFileOutput("itcast.txt", Context.MODE_WORLD_READABLE + Context.MODE_WORLD_WRITEABLE);

/**
 * @author  
 * @文件操作类：新建文件、删除、读写
 * */
package com.gogler.gps.infor;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;

import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Environment;

public class FileHelper
{
    
    private final Context context;
    
    /** SD卡是否存在 **/
    
    private boolean       hasSD = false;
    
    /** SD卡的路径 **/
    
    private final String  SDPATH;
    
    /** 当前程序包的路径 **/
    
    private final String  FILESPATH;
    
    /**
     * 从调用者传入
     * @param Context like this.getApplicationContext()
     * 
     * 
     * */
    public FileHelper ( Context context )
    {
    
	this.context = context;
	
	hasSD = Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(
	
	android.os.Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED);
	
	SDPATH = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath();
	
	FILESPATH = this.context.getFilesDir().getPath();
	
    }
    
    /**
     * 
     * 在SD卡上创建文件
     * 
     * 
     * 
     * @throws IOException
     */
    
    public File createSDFile(String fileName) throws IOException
    {
    
	final File file = new File(SDPATH + "//" + fileName);
	
	if (!file.exists())
	{
	    
	    file.createNewFile();
	    
	}
	
	return file;
	
    }
    
    /**
     * 
     * 删除SD卡上的文件 
     * 
     * 
     * @param fileName
     */
    
    public boolean deleteSDFile(String fileName)
    {
    
	final File file = new File(SDPATH + "//" + fileName);
	
	if ((file == null) || !file.exists() || file.isDirectory())
	{
	    return false;
	}
	
	return file.delete();
	
    }
    
    public String getFILESPATH()
    {
    
	return FILESPATH;
	
    }
    
    public String getSDPATH()
    {
    
	return SDPATH;
	
    }
    
    public boolean hasSD()
    {
    
	return hasSD;
	
    }
    
    /**
     * 
     * 读取SD卡中文本文件
     * 
     * 
     * 
     * @param fileName
     * 
     * @return String
     */
    
    public String readSDFile(String fileName)
    {
    
	final StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
	
	final File file = new File(SDPATH + "//" + fileName);
	
	try
	{
	    
	    final FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);
	    
	    int c;
	    
	    while ((c = fis.read()) != -1)
	    {
		
		sb.append((char) c);
		
	    }
	    
	    fis.close();
	    
	}
	catch (final FileNotFoundException e)
	{
	    
	    e.printStackTrace();
	    
	}
	catch (final IOException e)
	{
	    
	    e.printStackTrace();
	    
	}
	
	return sb.toString();
	
    }
    
    /**
     * 
     * 
     * 写SD卡上的文件
     * 
     * 
     * @param String
     *            fileName,String content
     * 
     * 
     * @return boolean
     * 
     * 
     * @author Administrator
     */
    
    public boolean writeFileData(String fileName, String content)
    {
    
	try
	{
	    final FileOutputStream fout = new FileOutputStream(SDPATH + "//"
		    + fileName, true);
	    final PrintStream ps = new PrintStream(fout);
	    ps.println(content);
	    ps.close();
	}
	catch (final IOException e)
	{
	    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
	    e.printStackTrace();
	}
	return true;
    }
    
}

l SharedPreferences

创建可跨程序使用的Preferrence

package com.gogler.SharePreferences;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.content.SharedPreferences.Editor;
import android.content.res.Resources;
import android.os.Bundle;

public class SharePreferencesTestActivity extends Activity {
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
//        使用可跨程序读写的Preference
        SharedPreferences sp = getSharedPreferences("hello", Context.MODE_WORLD_READABLE+Context.MODE_WORLD_WRITEABLE);
        Editor editor = sp.edit();
        String str = "SharePreferencesTestActivity: "+getResources().getString(R.string.hello);
        editor.putString("helloStr", str );
        editor.commit();
    }
}

读取其他APP的Preference

package sharePreferences.gogler.com;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager.NameNotFoundException;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class UseSharePreferencesTestActivity extends Activity {
    
	final String packageName = "com.gogler.SharePreferences";
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
//        访问其他APP的Preference
        try {
			Context otherAppContext = createPackageContext(packageName, Context.CONTEXT_IGNORE_SECURITY);
			SharedPreferences sp = otherAppContext.getSharedPreferences("hello", Context.MODE_WORLD_READABLE);
			 TextView tv=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.tv);
			 tv.setText(sp.getString("helloStr", ""));
		} catch (NameNotFoundException e) { 
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
    }
}