第十五章 SpringMVC项目快速搭建

一、pom

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.example</groupId>
  <artifactId>demo3</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <properties>
    <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    <spring.version>4.1.6.RELEASE</spring.version>
    <aspectj.version>1.6.11</aspectj.version>
    <common-io.version>2.4</common-io.version>
    <junit.version>4.11</junit.version>
    <servlet.version>3.1.0</servlet.version>
    <jsp.version>2.2</jsp.version>
    <jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
    <logback.version>1.0.13</logback.version>
    <slf4j.version>1.7.5</slf4j.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>${junit.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>${servlet.version}</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
        <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
        <version>${jsp.version}</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        <version>${jstl.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--使用AspectJ方式注解需要相应的包-->  
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>  
        <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>  
        <version>${aspectj.version}</version>  
    </dependency>  
    <!--使用AspectJ方式注解需要相应的包-->  
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>  
        <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>  
        <version>${aspectj.version}</version>  
    </dependency>
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>commons-io</groupId>  
        <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>  
        <version>${common-io.version}</version>  
    </dependency>

    <dependency>  
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>  
        <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>  
        <version>${slf4j.version}</version>  
    </dependency>
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>  
        <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>  
        <version>${slf4j.version}</version>  
    </dependency>
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>  
        <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>  
        <version>${logback.version}</version>  
    </dependency>
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>  
        <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>  
        <version>${logback.version}</version>  
    </dependency>
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>  
        <artifactId>logback-access</artifactId>  
        <version>${logback.version}</version>  
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.2</version>
            <configuration>
                <source>${java.version}</source>
                <target>${java.version}</target>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.3</version>
            <configuration>
                <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

二、日志配置
在src/main/resources目录下，新建logback.xml用来配置日志

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration scan="true" scanPeriod="1 seconds">
    <contextListener class="ch.qos.logback.classic.jul.LevelChangePropagator">
        <resetJUL>true</resetJUL>
    </contextListener>

    <jmxConfigurator/>
    <appender name="console" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <encoder>
            <pattern>logback: %d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} %logger{36} - %msg%n</pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>
    <logger name="org.springframework.web" level="DEBUG"/>
    <root level="info">
        <appender-ref ref="console"/>
    </root>
</configuration>

三、SpringMVC配置
在src/main/resources下创建views文件夹，用于存放JSP文件

package demo3.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView;

@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
@ComponentScan("demo3")
public class WebMvcConfig {

    @Bean
    public InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver() {
        InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
        viewResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/classes/views/");
        viewResolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
        viewResolver.setViewClass(JstlView.class);
        return viewResolver;
    }

}

此处只是一个普通的Spring配置类，配置了一个JSP的ViewResolver，用来映射路径和实际页面的位置。路径的前缀配置为/WEB-INF/classes/views/，跟实际的开发路径不一致，看上去会有点奇怪，因为运行时代码会将我们的页面自动编译到/WEB-INF/classes/views/目录下。

四、Web配置

package demo3.config;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRegistration.Dynamic;

import org.springframework.web.WebApplicationInitializer;
import org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet;

public class WebInitializer implements WebApplicationInitializer {

    @Override
    public void onStartup(ServletContext sc) throws ServletException {
        AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext ctx = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
        ctx.register(WebMvcConfig.class);
        ctx.setServletContext(sc);

        Dynamic servlet = sc.addServlet("dispatcher", new DispatcherServlet(ctx));
        servlet.addMapping("/");
        servlet.setLoadOnStartup(1);
    }

}

WebApplicationInitializer是Spring提供用来配置Servlet3.0+配置的接口，从而实现了替代web.xml的位置。实现此接口将会自动被SpringServletContainerInitializer（用来启动Servlet3.0容器）获取到。

五、声明控制器

package demo3.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class IndexController {

    @RequestMapping("/index")
    public String index() {
        return "index";
    }

}

六、创建显示页面
在src/main/resources/views下创建index.jsp

Hello Spring MVC

七、运行