iOS的归档与解档

     归档与解档也是iOS中对象保存与读取的一种方式，对系统的对象归档与解档比较容易，而对自定义类的对象就要继承协议。

1.系统对象的解档与归档

        NSString *path = @"/Users/gph/Desktop/1.plist";
        NSArray *array = [[NSArray alloc]initWithObjects:@"One",@"Two",@"Three", nil];
        NSDictionary *dic = [[NSDictionary alloc]initWithObjectsAndKeys:@"One",@"1",@"Two",@"2",@"Three",@"3", nil];
        //归档
        NSMutableData *data = [[NSMutableData alloc]init];
        NSKeyedArchiver *archiver = [[NSKeyedArchiver alloc]initForWritingWithMutableData:data];
        [archiver encodeObject:array forKey:@"array"];
        [archiver encodeObject:dic forKey:@"dic"];
        
        [archiver finishEncoding];
        [data writeToFile:path atomically:YES];
        
        //解档
        NSData *data2 = [[NSData alloc]initWithContentsOfFile:path];
        NSKeyedUnarchiver *unarchiver = [[NSKeyedUnarchiver alloc]initForReadingWithData:data2];
        
        NSDictionary *tmpDic = [unarchiver decodeObjectForKey:@"dic"];
        NSArray *tmpArr = [unarchiver decodeObjectForKey:@"array"];
        
        NSLog(@"%@",tmpArr);
        NSLog(@"%@",tmpDic);

2.自定义类的对象解档与归档

一个完整的应用需要考虑方方面面，比如内存警告，比如转入后台,就要将对象进行保存。但对自定义类对象归档的步骤与前面类似，差别是先继承NSCoding协议,先定义一个UserItem类。UserItem.h文件如下

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
@interface UserItem : NSObject<NSCoding>

@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString* name;

@end

UserItem.m文件如下

@implementation UserItem
//归档
- (id)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aDecoder
{
    self.name = [aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:@"name"];
    return self;
}
//解档
- (void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aCoder
{
    [aCoder encodeObject:self.name forKey:@"name"];
}
@end

归档与解档代码：

    UserItem* user = [[UserItem alloc] init];
    user.name = @"独孤求败";
    NSMutableData* data = [[NSMutableData alloc]init];
    NSKeyedArchiver* archiver = [[NSKeyedArchiver alloc] initForWritingWithMutableData:data];
    [archiver encodeObject:user forKey:@"user"];
    [archiver finishEncoding];
    
    //从data里面拿出对象
    NSKeyedUnarchiver* unarchiver = [[NSKeyedUnarchiver alloc] initForReadingWithData:data];
    UserItem* user2 = [unarchiver decodeObjectForKey:@"user"];
    [unarchiver finishDecoding];
    NSLog(@"%@",user2.name);