ios 对象归档解档 runtime实现

什么是归档？什么是解档？

归档：就是把对象序列化，序列化就是把对象写到一个指定的app路径下的文件里，app有三个目录分别是：docments、library、tmp，也叫做对象的持久化，ios开发中一般的持久化不支持自定义对象的持久化，归档解档就可以完成自定义对象的持久化。

实现归档解档的步骤：
Step1：要实现对象的归档解档首先继承Coding协议（protocol）

Step2：实现两个方法：encodeWihtCoder: 和 initWithCoder:

runtime实现方法 少写很多的给属性赋值的方法

//归档
- (void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder*)aCoder
{

    NSLog(@"归档encodeWithCoder方法调用了");

    unsigned int count = 0;
    Ivar* ivars = class_copyIvarList([self class], &count);
    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
    Ivar ivar = ivars[i]；
    const char* name = ivar_getName(ivar);
    NSString* key = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:name];
        [aCoder encodeObject:[self valueForKey:key] forKey :key];
      }
    free(ivars);
}

//解档
- (id)initWithCoder:(NSCoder*)aDecoder
{
    NSLog(@"解档initWithCoder方法调用了");

    if (self == [super init]) {
    unsigned int count = 0;
    Ivar* ivars = class_copyIvarList([self class], &count);
    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
    Ivar ivar = ivars[i];
    const char* name = ivar_getName(ivar);
    NSString* key = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:name];
    id value =  [aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:key];//根据key拿到value
    [self setValue:value forKey:key];//KVC赋值
    }

    free(ivars);
    }
    return self;
}

使用： 归档

//获取文件目录

NSString* docPatn = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) lastObject];

//NSString* homePath = NSTemporaryDirectory();

NSLog(@"docPath = %@",docPatn);

NSLog(@"homePath = %@",homePath);

NSString* path = [docPatn stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"zht.hank"];  
//自定义对象存到文件中
[NSKeyedArchiver archiveRootObject:person toFile:path];

解档：
 ZHTPerson* p = [NSKeyedUnarchiver unarchiveObjectWithFile:path];
 NSLog(@"name = %@,age = %d",p.name,p.age);