Effective Java~9. try-with-resource 优先于 try-catch

try-finally 语句是保证资源正确关闭的最佳方式，但是当添加多个资源时，情况会变糟

// try-finally is ugly when used with more than one resource!
static void copy(String src, String dst) throws IOException {
	InputStream in = new FileInputStream(src);
	
	try {
		OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(dst);
		
		try {
			byte[] buf = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];
			int n;
			while ((n = in.read(buf)) >= 0)
				out.write(buf, 0, n);
		} finally {
			out.close();
		}
	} finally {
		in.close();
	}
}

        当 Java 7 引入了 try-with-resources 语句时，所有这些问题一下子都得到了解决。要使用这个构造，资源必须实现 AutoCloseable 接口

// try-with-resources on multiple resources - short and sweet
static void copy(String src, String dst) throws IOException {
	try (InputStream in = new FileInputStream(src);
		OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(dst)) {
		
		byte[] buf = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];
		int n;
		while ((n = in.read(buf)) >= 0)
			out.write(buf, 0, n);
	}
}

try-with-resources 语句中添加 catch 子句，就像在常规的 try-finally 语句中一样

// try-with-resources with a catch clause
static String firstLineOfFile(String path, String defaultVal) {
	try (BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(
		new FileReader(path))) {
		return br.readLine();
	} catch (IOException e) {
		return defaultVal;
	}
}