JAVA、SpirngBoot 实现后台验证码接口

最近有个需求，需要返回验证码，以前我一直以为有验证码是在前端做的，后面才发现，前端存储的只是一个图片，和一个 sessionid 数据，用户根据图片输入内容，前端取出 sessionid 的再把用户输入的一起传到后端，后端进行校验，这就是最常见的验证码逻辑。

这里直接创建一个简单的 springboot 工程。

只要有 spring web 模块即可

主要工程结构

com.example.verificationcode.VerificationcodeApplication

package com.example.verificationcode;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class VerificationcodeApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(VerificationcodeApplication.class, args);
    }

}

com.example.verificationcode.VerificationCodeController

package com.example.verificationcode;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;

@Controller
public class VerificationCodeController {


    /**
     * 二维码接口
     * @param request
     * @param response
     */
    /* 获取验证码图片*/

    @RequestMapping("/getVerifyCode")
    public void getVerificationCode(HttpServletResponse response,HttpServletRequest request) {

        try {

            int width=200;

            int height=69;

            BufferedImage verifyImg=new BufferedImage(width,height,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);

            //生成对应宽高的初始图片

            String randomText = VerifyCode.drawRandomText(width,height,verifyImg);

            //单独的一个类方法，出于代码复用考虑，进行了封装。

            //功能是生成验证码字符并加上噪点，干扰线，返回值为验证码字符

            request.getSession().setAttribute("verifyCode", randomText);

            response.setContentType("image/png");//必须设置响应内容类型为图片，否则前台不识别

            OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream(); //获取文件输出流

            ImageIO.write(verifyImg,"png",os);//输出图片流

            os.flush();

            os.close();//关闭流

        } catch (IOException e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

    }
}

com.example.verificationcode.VerifyCode

package com.example.verificationcode;

/*对图片进行处理的类和方法*/

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.util.Random;

public class VerifyCode {

    public static  String drawRandomText(int width, int height, BufferedImage verifyImg) {

        Graphics2D graphics = (Graphics2D)verifyImg.getGraphics();

        graphics.setColor(Color.WHITE);//设置画笔颜色-验证码背景色

        graphics.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);//填充背景

        graphics.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD, 40));

        //数字和字母的组合

        String baseNumLetter= "123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZ";

        StringBuffer sBuffer = new StringBuffer();

        int x = 10;  //旋转原点的 x 坐标

        String ch = "";

        Random random = new Random();

        for(int i = 0;i < 4;i++){

            graphics.setColor(getRandomColor());

            //设置字体旋转角度

            int degree = random.nextInt() % 45;  //角度小于30度

            int dot = random.nextInt(baseNumLetter.length());

            ch = baseNumLetter.charAt(dot) + "";

            sBuffer.append(ch);

            //正向旋转

            graphics.rotate(degree * Math.PI / 180, x, 45);

            graphics.drawString(ch, x, 45);

            //反向旋转，不反向旋转的话字符会跑出画布
            graphics.rotate(-degree * Math.PI / 180, x, 45);

            x += 48;

        }

        //画干扰线

        for (int i = 0; i <6; i++) {

            // 设置随机颜色

            graphics.setColor(getRandomColor());

            // 随机画线

            graphics.drawLine(random.nextInt(width), random.nextInt(height),

                    random.nextInt(width), random.nextInt(height));

        }

        //添加噪点

        for(int i=0;i<30;i++){

            int x1 = random.nextInt(width);

            int y1 = random.nextInt(height);

            graphics.setColor(getRandomColor());

            graphics.fillRect(x1, y1, 2,2);

        }

        return sBuffer.toString();

    }

    /**
     * 随机取色
     */

    private static Color getRandomColor() {

        Random ran = new Random();

        Color color = new Color(ran.nextInt(256),

                ran.nextInt(256), ran.nextInt(256));

        return color;

    }

}

测试结果

如果注释掉

将会出现该情况

源码地址：https://github.com/weijieqiu/iStudy